Hiki iā kākou ke maʻi mai kā kākou mau holoholona aloha? E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i nā maʻi zoonotic!

He ʻīlio liʻiliʻi, pōpoki, a manu paha kāu ma ka home? Malia paha ʻoe e hana ana ma kahi mahiʻai a hoʻolilo i kou mau lā me nā holoholona e like me nā bipi wahine, nā kao, a me nā moa. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, he ʻāpana pili loa nā holoholona i ko kākou ola. Akā ua ʻike anei ʻoe i kekahi manawa hiki i kēia mau holoholona aloha ke hoʻoili i nā maʻi like ʻole iā kākou? ʻO ia ka mea a mākou e kamaʻilio ai ma kēia ʻatikala i kēia lā. ʻO kēia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he `(Zoonotic Diseases)` a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi mai nā holoholona mai.

He aha kēia mau maʻi zoonotic?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo nā "Maʻi Zoonotic" he mau maʻi lele e hiki ke laha ma waena o nā holoholona (ʻoi aku hoʻi nā vertebrates - nā holoholona me ka iwi kuamoʻo, e like me nā bipi, nā hipa, nā ʻiole, nā ʻīlio, nā pōpoki, nā peʻapeʻa, nā manu) a me nā kānaka. No ka mea, he like nā hana kino o kēia mau holoholona me ko kākou, hiki i kekahi mau pathogens ke hoʻololi e noho i loko o nā mea ʻelua.

E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ia mea, aia kekahi mau maʻi holoholona hiki ke hoʻoili wale ʻia mai nā holoholona a i nā kānaka, akā ʻaʻole mai kekahi kanaka a i kekahi. ʻO nā maʻi ʻē aʻe, e like me Ebola, hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia mai nā holoholona a i nā kānaka, a laila laha i nā kānaka, e hoʻoulu ai i nā maʻi ahulau. Aia kekahi mau maʻi ʻē aʻe, e like me HIV a me COVID-19, e hele mua mai ana mai nā holoholona a i nā kānaka, a laila loli a lilo i laha wale i nā kānaka. Ke hana ʻia kēlā, e hoʻōki mākou i ke kapa ʻana iā lākou he mau maʻi zoonotic, akā hiki nō ke ola nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o kēlā mau maʻi i nā holoholona.

He aha nā hōʻailona o kēia mau maʻi holoholona?

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻokoʻa nā hōʻailona ma muli o ka maʻi. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau hōʻailona maʻamau:

• Kuni.
• Manaʻo o ka luhi loa.
• ʻEha poʻo.
• ʻEha kino.
• Nā ʻeha ʻili a i ʻole nā ​​ʻōhūhū.
• Ka maʻi pākī.
• Ka luaʻi ʻana.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​​​ʻoiai inā he kanaka ʻoe e launa pū me nā holoholona, ​​​​he mea naʻauao ke ʻimi i ke kōkua lapaʻau.

No ke aha lā e loaʻa ai iā kākou kēia mau maʻi holoholona? He aha nā kumu?

Hiki ke hoʻoulu ʻia nā maʻi Zoonotic e nā ʻano pathogens like ʻole. ʻO nā kumu nui:

• Bacteria: He mau meaola liʻiliʻi kēia, hoʻokahi cell. Hoʻopuka pinepine lākou i nā mea ʻawahia, ʻo ia ka mea e maʻi ai mākou.
• Nā Parasites: Hiki i kēia ke lilo i mau ilo parasitic, a i ʻole hiki iā lākou ke lilo i mau meaola cell hoʻokahi e like me protozoa.
• Nā maʻi: He mau ʻāpana liʻiliʻi loa kēia e loaʻa ana ka ʻike hoʻoilina. Hoʻohana lākou i kā mākou mau cell e hana i nā kope o lākou iho.
• Nā ʻūlū: Hoʻoulu kēia mau ʻūlū i nā maʻi e like me ka eczema.
• Nā Prion:He huaʻōlelo hou paha kēia nāu. He ʻano protein kūikawā kēia e hiki ke hōʻino i ka lolo.

Noho ka hapa nui o nā pathogens i hoʻokahi ʻano meaola - nā kānaka, kekahi mau holoholona, ​​​​nā mea kanu, a i ʻole nā ​​​​microbes ʻē aʻe. Akā ʻo nā pathogens e hoʻoulu ai i nā "maʻi zoonotic" hiki ke hoʻopili i nā kānaka a me nā vertebrates ʻē aʻe. A i ʻole, ua hoʻopaʻa mua ʻia nā pathogens i kahi ʻano holoholona kikoʻī, akā i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ua ʻae nā mutations iā lākou e "lele" i nā kānaka.

ʻO ka hapa nui o kēia mau maʻi holoholona i hoʻoulu ʻia e nā bacteria, parasites, a i ʻole nā ​​​​virus.

Nā Zoonose Bacteria

Eia kekahi mau laʻana:

• `(Anthrax)` (Anthrax)
• `(Brucellosis)` (Brucellosis)
• `(Maʻi ʻūlū pōpoki)`
• `(Maʻi Lyme)` (Maʻi Lyme)
• ʻO ka maʻi pneumonia Mycoplasma
• `(Maʻi ahulau)` (Maʻi ahulau)
• `(Psittacosis)` (Firi Manu ʻŌhelohelo)
• `(Kā wela Q)` (Kā wela Q)
• `(Salmonella)` (Salmonella - ua lohe pinepine paha ʻoe i kēia, ʻoiai e pili ana i ka meaʻai)
• ʻO ke ʻano o ka Tularemia
• `(Tuberculosis)` (Tuberculosis - Hiki ke laha kēia mai nā holoholona)

Nā maʻi holoholona i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā parasites (Parasitic Zoonoses)

Nā hiʻohiʻona o kēia:

• `(Cryptosporidiosis)`
• ʻO Echinococcosis (kahi laʻana he maʻi hydatid)
• ʻO ke ʻano o ka giardiasis
• `(ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai)` (Nā ilo ʻaʻai)
• `(Malaria)` (Malaria - laha ʻia e nā makika, akā he kumu holoholona ia)
• `(Taeniasis)` (he maʻi ilo liʻiliʻi i laha ma o ka puaʻa, ka pipi, a pēlā aku)
• `(Toxoplasmosis)` (Hiki ke laha pinepine kēia ma o nā ʻōpala pōpoki, pono e makaʻala loa nā makuahine hāpai)
• ʻO ka maʻi Trichinosis

Nā Zoonoses Viral

Nā hiʻohiʻona o kēia:

• `(Avian influenza)` (maʻi manu)
• ʻEbola (ʻEbola)
• `(Maʻi Nipah)` (Maʻi Nipah - Ua hōʻike ʻia hoʻi ua laha kēia mai nā ʻōpeʻapeʻa ma ko mākou ʻāina)
• `(Maʻi maʻi Marburg)`
• `(Mpox)` (i kapa ʻia hoʻi he monkeypox ma mua)
• `(Rabies)` (Rabies - He maʻi make kēia e pono ai kākou a pau e makaʻala)

Eia kekahi, ʻo nā maʻi e like me ka ringworm , i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka fungi , a me ka maʻi Creutzfeldt-Jakob ʻano like ʻole (vCJD) , i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā prions (i kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo "mad cow disease"), hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia mai nā holoholona a i nā kānaka.

Pehea lā e loaʻa ai iā kākou kēia mau maʻi holoholona?

Aia nā ʻano like ʻole e hiki ai iā kākou ke loaʻa i kēia mau maʻi. ʻO lākou kēia:

• Ma ka hoʻopili ʻana me nā wai o ke kino (koko, mimi, ʻōpala, lawai, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) o nā holoholona i loaʻa i ka maʻi. E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i kāu holoholona i ka wā maʻi, a i ʻole ka mālama ʻana i kahi ʻeha ma kahi holoholona mahiʻai.
• Ma ka nahu ʻia ʻana a i ʻole ke kahakaha ʻia ʻana e nā holoholona i loaʻa i ka maʻi. Inā nahu ʻia ʻoe a kahakaha ʻia paha e kahi holoholona e like me ka ʻīlio, pōpoki, a monkey paha, pono ʻoe e makaʻala.
• Ma ke nahu ʻana i nā pepeke e like me nā ʻuku, nā makika, a me nā ʻuku. Hiki i kēia mau pepeke ke nahu i kahi holoholona i loaʻa i ka maʻi a laila hoʻopili iā mākou me ka maʻi.
• Ma ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻiʻo i moʻa pono ʻole ʻia.
• Ma ka inu ʻana i ka wai lepo (a i ʻole ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai i holoi ʻia i loko o kēlā wai).

He mea nui: I kekahi manawa hiki iā mākou ke hoʻopilikia ʻia e kēia mau mea me ka ʻike ʻole ʻana. ʻO ia ke kumu he mea nui loa ka noho maʻemaʻe mau a hahai i nā hana palekana.

He aha ke ʻano o nā holoholona e hoʻoili i kēia mau maʻi?

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, hiki i kekahi holoholona ke lawe i kēia mau maʻi holoholona. Eia kekahi laʻana:

• Nā ʻōpeʻapeʻa
• Manu
• Nā pōpoki
• Dia
• ʻĪlio
• Nā holoholona mahiʻai (e like me nā bipi, puaʻa, hipa)
• Nā primates ʻaʻole kanaka, e like me nā mōneka a me nā ʻape
• Nā mammals liʻiliʻi e like me nā ʻiole, nā lāpaki, a me nā moles (Rodents)

Nui nā holoholona e like me kēia a puni mākou, ʻeā? No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ko mākou makaʻala.

ʻO wai ka mea i ʻoi aku ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia mau maʻi holoholona?

Aia kekahi poʻe i kahi pilikia kiʻekiʻe iki o ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia mau maʻi. ʻO lākou kēia:

• ʻO ka poʻe e hana me nā holoholona ma ke ʻano he hana a he leʻaleʻa paha (e like me nā kauka holoholona, ​​nā limahana mahiʻai, nā mea mālama holoholona).
• ʻO ka poʻe e hahai holoholona, ​​hoʻomākaukau, a ʻai paha i ka ʻiʻo o nā holoholona hihiu.
• ʻO nā kānaka me nā ʻōnaehana pale kino nāwaliwali (e like me ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka maʻi HIV, nā maʻi kanesa, nā mea i loaʻa i ka hoʻoili ʻana o nā kino).

Inā hāʻule ʻoe i loko o kēia māhele, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lawe ʻana i kekahi mau hana palekana hou aʻe.

Pehea e ʻike ai nā kauka i kēia mau maʻi holoholona?

ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻike nā kauka i kēia mau maʻi ma ka nānā ʻana i nā laʻana o kou kino a i ʻole nā ​​wai. Hiki i kēia mau mea ke komo pū me:

• Hāpana koko `(Koko)`
• Hāʻina noho `(Noho)`
• Hāpana sputum (phlegm mai nā māmā)
• ʻUlu ʻūlū (kahi laʻana o ka ʻūlū i lawe ʻia mai ka ihu a i ʻole ka puʻu)

Ma muli o kāu mau hōʻailona, ​​​​pono paha i kāu kauka ke hana i nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi, e like me ka X-ray umauma a i ʻole ka CT scan.

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no kēia mau maʻi holoholona?

Aia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ke ʻano o ka maʻi i loaʻa iā ʻoe. ʻAʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau kikoʻī no kēlā me kēia maʻi holoholona. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia:

• Nā lāʻau antibiotic: Hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia nā maʻi bacteria he nui, ʻoiai inā ʻike mua ʻia.
• Nā lāʻau antiviral: Hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau lāʻau no kekahi mau maʻi viral.
• Nā lāʻau antifungal: Hāʻawi ʻia nā kirīmi a i ʻole nā ​​​​papa no nā maʻi fungal e like me ka eczema.
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau antiparasitic: Hiki i kēia ke ho'ōla i nā maʻi parasitic he nui.
• Nā antibodies monoclonal:Hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau mea no kekahi mau maʻi i paʻakikī ke mālama ʻia, e like me ka Ebola.
• ʻO ke ʻoki kino: Hoʻoulu kekahi mau parasites i nā cysts i loko o ke kino e pono ai ke wehe ʻia ma ke ʻoki kino.
• Ka lāʻau pale a me ka immune globulin: E noʻonoʻo, inā ua nahu ʻia a ʻōpala ʻia paha ʻoe e kahi holoholona āu e manaʻo nei he rabies paha, ʻaʻole kali nā kauka i ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o nā hōʻailona. E hāʻawi koke lākou iā ʻoe i kahi lāʻau pale rabies a e hoʻokomo pū i kahi mea i kapa ʻia ʻo human rabies immune globulin (HRIG) i loko o ka ʻeha e pale aku ai i ka maʻi.

Hiki i kēia mau maʻi holoholona ke make?

ʻAe, hiki i kekahi mau maʻi holoholona ke koʻikoʻi loa a hoʻoweliweli i ke ola. ʻO nā maʻi hemorrhagic viral, e like me Ebola lāua ʻo Marburg, he kiʻekiʻe ka nui o ka make. ʻAneʻane make mau ka rabies ke ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke mālama ʻia ka hapa nui o nā maʻi holoholona a ʻaʻole pinepine ka make. No laila, mai hopohopo, he mea nui e makaʻala.

Pehea lā e hiki ai iā kākou ke pale iā kākou iho mai kēia mau maʻi holoholona?

Aia kekahi mau mea hiki iā kākou ke hana e pale aku iā kākou iho mai kēia mau maʻi:

• Ke kiʻi ʻia ʻana o ka lāʻau pale: Aia nā lāʻau pale no kekahi mau maʻi e like me `(Mpox)`, `(Rabies)`, `(Ebola)`. Inā ʻoe i loko o kahi hui pilikia, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia mau lāʻau pale e hāʻawi i ka palekana. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻohe lāʻau pale no nā maʻi holoholona āpau.
• E pale iā ʻoe iho mai nā nahu pepeke: E ʻaʻahu i nā pālule lima lōʻihi a me nā lole komo, a e hoʻohana i kahi mea pale namu me ka DEET. E nānā iā ʻoe iho a me kāu mau holoholona no nā makika ma hope o ka hele ʻana i waho. E kūkākūkā me kāu kauka holoholona e pale i kāu mau holoholona mai nā makika a me nā ʻuku.
• E ʻaʻahu i nā mīkina lima i ka wā e lawelawe ai i nā holoholona (ola a make paha): Mai hoʻopā aku i kahi holoholona hihiu me kou mau lima ʻōlohelohe. ʻOiai inā ʻoe e ʻaʻahu i nā mīkina lima, e holoi pono i kou mau lima me ke kopa a me ka wai ma hope o ka lawelawe ʻana i nā holoholona.
• E hahai i nā hana palekana meaʻai: E kuke pono i nā ʻiʻo. E holoi mau i nā lima, nā ʻili, a me nā mea hana ma hope o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka meaʻai. E pale i ka inu ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wai i mālama ʻole ʻia e hoʻomākaukau ai i ka meaʻai. E pale i ka inu ʻana i ka waiū i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻole ʻia a i ʻole ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai i hana ʻia mai ia waiū.
• E pale i ka hoʻopili ʻana me nā wai kino i loaʻa i ka maʻi: I nā hihia koʻikoʻi o ka Ebola, e hoʻohana i nā lako pale (e like me ka pale maka, nā goggles, ka ʻapena, nā mīkina lima) i ka wā e mālama ai i kahi kanaka i loaʻa i ka maʻi. E pale i ka hoʻopā ʻana i ko lākou mau wai kino, a holoi pono i kou mau lima inā ʻoe e hoʻopā aku me lākou, ʻoiai inā ʻoe e ʻaʻahu ana i nā mīkina lima. E pale i ka hoʻopā ʻana i kekahi mea i hoʻopā aku me nā wai kino i loaʻa i ka maʻi.
• E pale i ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻiʻo o ka nahele.
• E hoʻāʻo e pale i ka nahu ʻia ʻana a i ʻole ke kahakaha ʻia ʻana e nā holoholona. Inā nahu ʻia ʻoe a kahakaha ʻia paha e kahi holoholona (ʻoi aku hoʻi nā ʻōpeʻapeʻa, nā ʻīlio, nā pōpoki) i loaʻa paha i ka rabies, e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau.

Āhea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka?

Inā ʻoe e hana me nā holoholona a i ʻole he kiʻekiʻe ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā maʻi holoholona, ​​e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka. Hiki iā ia ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hōʻemi i kou pilikia a haʻi iā ʻoe i nā hōʻailona e makaʻala ai.

Āhea wau e hele ai i ka ʻOihana Pōpilikia (ETU) ?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau hōʻailona koʻikoʻi, e hele koke i ka lumi pilikia:

• Kuni nui loa (ma luna o 103 Fahrenheit/40 Celsius).
• Ka luaʻi nui a i ʻole ka maʻi pākī.
• Ka huikau a i ʻole nā ​​​​loli noʻonoʻo ʻē aʻe.
• Ke kahe koko ʻano ʻē.
• ʻEha poʻo nui.
• ʻEha umauma a ʻeha ʻōpū paha.

ʻO ka mea hope loa, e hoʻomanaʻo (Leka Lawe-Home)

No laila, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike ʻaʻohe mea nui ko mākou aloha i nā holoholona, ​​​​pono mākou e akahele iki no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoili i nā maʻi iā mākou. Hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia ka nui o nā maʻi a mākou i kūkākūkā ai ma kēia ʻatikala inā ʻike ʻia a mālama ʻia i ka manawa kūpono.

ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ka ʻike pehea e pale ai iā ʻoe iho mai ia mau maʻi, e hahai i nā hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi, a inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mau hōʻailona kānalua, mai hoʻonele i ka manawa a e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau.

E mālama kākou i ke olakino o kā kākou mau holoholona aloha, a e noho olakino pū kākou!

Nā maʻi holoholona, ​​Nā maʻi Zoonotic, Nā maʻi i lawe ʻia e nā holoholona, ​​Nā maʻi hoʻopilikia, Ola kino, Palekana, Nā hōʻailona