Tus superhero uas tswj koj tus nplaig: Cia peb kawm txog Hypoglossal Nerve.

Niaj hnub no peb yuav tham txog ib txoj hlab ntsha tseem ceeb heev hauv peb lub cev, tab sis ib qho uas qee zaum peb tsis tau them sai sai rau. Txoj hlab ntsha ntawd yog txoj hlab ntsha hypoglossal , uas tswj kev txav ntawm peb tus nplaig. Txoj hlab ntsha me me no ua ntau dua li koj xav. Cia peb saib seb nws yog dab tsi.

Cov hlab ntsha hypoglossal yog dab tsi?

Hais yooj yim xwb, koj lub paj hlwb hypoglossal zoo li ib tug neeg xa xov tshwj xeeb uas khiav ntawm koj lub hlwb mus rau koj tus nplaig . Yog hais kom meej, nws yog ib qho ntawm 12 khub paj hlwb cranial hauv koj lub taub hau. Yog lawm, muaj 12 khub paj hlwb tseem ceeb uas txuas nrog ntau qhov ntawm koj lub taub hau. Nws pib ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm koj lub hlwb, hu ua brainstem. Tom qab ntawd nws mus rau hauv koj lub caj dab, ceg tawm, thiab txuas mus rau hauv qab ntawm koj tus nplaig thiab hauv paus ntawm koj tus nplaig.

Lub npe "hypoglossal" yog los ntawm ob lo lus Greek: "hypo" txhais tau tias "hauv qab" thiab "glossal" txhais tau tias "tus nplaig." Yog li, lub npe nws tus kheej qhia koj qhov chaw nyob, puas yog?

Qhov no yog ib txoj hlab ntsha uas ua rau lub cev muaj zog . Yog li ntawd, nws nqa cov lus los ntawm lub hlwb mus rau cov leeg thiab ua rau lawv txav mus los. Nws zoo li ib txoj hlua hluav taws xob, tab sis nws tsis nqa hluav taws xob, nws nqa cov hlab ntsha.

Muaj lwm lub npe dab tsi rau cov hlab ntsha no?

Nws muaj ntau lub npe hu ua lwm yam. Koj tus kws kho mob kuj tseem siv tau cov npe no:

• Cov hlab ntsha cranial 12
• 12th cranial paj hlwb
• `(CNXII)` (Qhov no yog ib lo lus luv uas cov kws kho mob siv)

Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov hlab ntsha hypoglossal yog dab tsi?

Xav txog seb koj tus nplaig txav npaum li cas thaum koj tham, nqos zaub mov, lossis ua ntau yam suab nrog koj lub qhov ncauj! Cov hlab ntsha hypoglossal pab tswj txhua yam kev txav ntawd .

Lub paj hlwb no yog lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb rau peb ua cov hauv qab no:

• Ua suab sib txawv nrog koj lub qhov ncauj (piv txwv li, ua suab "nias" nrog koj tus nplaig).
• Tsiv cov khoom mus rau hauv lub qhov ncauj, uas yog, khoom noj thiab dej haus.
• Tham (peb tus nplaig khoov ua ntau yam duab thaum peb tham, puas yog?).
• Nqos cov khoom noj (tus nplaig pab tau ntau heev rau kev txav cov khoom noj mus rau hauv caj pas).

Xav seb yuav nyuaj npaum li cas rau peb tham thiab noj mov yog tias cov hlab ntsha no tsis ua haujlwm zoo!

Cov leeg nqaij twg uas cov hlab ntsha hypoglossal tswj hwm?

Koj tus nplaig tsis yog ib leeg xwb. Nws muaj ntau cov leeg sib txawv sab hauv thiab txuas nrog nws. Cov hlab ntsha hypoglossal tswj cov leeg no:

• Cov leeg nqaij Genioglossus : Cov no yog cov leeg nqaij uas thawb koj tus nplaig mus tom ntej. Cov leeg nqaij no ua haujlwm thaum koj muab koj tus nplaig tso rau sab nraud.
• Cov leeg nqaij HyagoglossusCov leeg nqaij Hyoglossus: Cov no rub koj tus nplaig rov qab thiab ua kom nws tiaj.
• Cov leeg nqaij sab hauv : Cov no yog cov leeg nqaij uas hloov cov duab ntawm tus nplaig. Piv txwv li, tej yam xws li kev khoov thiab nqaim tus nplaig.
• Cov leeg nqaij Styloglossus : Cov no txav koj tus nplaig mus rau saum thiab nqis.

Vim yog tag nrho cov leeg nqaij no ua haujlwm ua ke, ua ke, peb thiaj li ua tau cov kev txav mus los nyuaj nrog peb tus nplaig.

Qhov chaw (qauv) ntawm cov hlab ntsha hypoglossal yog dab tsi?

Raws li peb tau hais ua ntej lawm, cov hlab ntsha no pib ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub hlwb, ze ntawm lub hlwb , sab saud koj lub caj dab.

Ua ntej mus txog tus nplaig, cov hlab ntsha no mus ncig li no:

• Nws xub mus rau hauv koj lub caj dab thiab txuas mus rau ib lub network ntawm cov hlab ntsha hu ua cervical plexus . Lub network ntawm cov hlab ntsha no tswj cov kev xav thiab kev txav mus los ntawm koj lub caj dab thiab lub cev.
• Tom qab ntawd nws mus ncig ntawm koj lub caj dab, hla ntau cov hlab ntsha tseem ceeb (xws li Carotid Artery thiab Jugular Vein) .
• Nws mus ntawm tom qab ntawm koj lub caj pas mus rau hauv qab ntawm koj lub qhov ncauj, uas yog, hauv pem teb ntawm lub qhov ncauj.
• Thaum kawg, nyob ntawd, cov ceg ntoo tawm thiab txuas rau cov leeg nqaij uas tswj ntau yam kev txav ntawm tus nplaig.

Koj puas xav txog seb txoj kev taug kev me me no yuav nyuaj npaum li cas?

Cov mob dab tsi uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab ntsha hypoglossal?

Tu siab kawg li, qee yam kab mob thiab tej yam mob tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab ntsha hypoglossal, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tsis muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm ntawm tus nplaig uas peb tau tham ua ntej.

Nov yog qee qhov xwm txheej zoo li no:

• Kab mob Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) : Kuj hu ua kab mob Lou Gehrig, qhov no yog ib kab mob ntawm cov leeg nqaij. Cov leeg nqaij maj mam qaug zog. Thaum tus kab mob zuj zus tuaj, cov hlab ntsha hypoglossal yuav tsis sib txuas lus zoo nrog lub hlwb.
• Kab mob hlwb : Kab mob hlwb yog ib yam mob uas lub hlwb o, vim yog muaj kab mob hauv lub hlwb lossis lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis ua haujlwm zoo. Thaum lub hlwb o, lub hlwb tuaj yeem o thiab muab kev nyuaj rau cov hlab ntsha hypoglossal.
• Mob Cancer Taub Hau thiab Caj Dab : Qhov no hais txog mob cancer uas tshwm sim hauv qhov ncauj, caj pas, lossis lwm qhov ntawm lub taub hau thiab caj dab. Cov hlab ntsha no tuaj yeem raug puas tsuaj los ntawm mob cancer nws tus kheej lossis los ntawm kev kho mob cancer (piv txwv li, phais, kho mob hluav taws xob).
• Kev pw tsaug zog tsis taus paQhov no yog ib qho teeb meem uas cuam tshuam nrog kev pw tsaug zog. Kev ua pa nres ib ntus thaum koj pw tsaug zog. Cov hlab ntsha hypoglossal tswj cov leeg nqaij ntawm tom qab caj pas. Yog tias cov leeg nqaij no so ntau dhau thaum koj pw tsaug zog, tus nplaig tuaj yeem poob rov qab thiab thaiv txoj hlab pa.
• Mob stroke : Mob stroke yog ib qho mob uas cov ntshav ntws mus rau ib feem ntawm lub hlwb raug cuam tshuam. Qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev los ntshav hauv lub hlwb lossis los ntawm cov hlab ntsha uas raug thaiv. Yog tias lub hlwb tsis tau txais ntshav txaus, kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov hlab ntsha hypoglossal thiab lub hlwb tuaj yeem raug cuam tshuam.
• Kev Raug Mob : Cov hlab ntsha no tuaj yeem raug puas tsuaj los ntawm ntau yam xwm txheej, xws li kev sib tsoo tsheb, kev poob, thiab kev ua phem. Hauv qee qhov xwm txheej loj heev, cov hlab ntsha no tuaj yeem raug txiav tawm.

Cov tsos mob ntawm Hypoglossal Nerve Damage

Yog koj cov hlab ntsha hypoglossal raug puas tsuaj, feem ntau nws tsuas cuam tshuam rau ib sab ntawm koj tus nplaig xwb . Tus nplaig ntawm sab uas raug mob yuav qaug zog. Raws li lub sijhawm dhau mus, cov leeg nqaij ntawm sab ntawd ntawm tus nplaig tuaj yeem atrophy, thiab thaum kawg tus nplaig tuaj yeem ua rau tuag tes tuag taw.

Qhov no yuav ua rau koj ntsib cov teeb meem hauv qab no:

• Nyuaj nqos zaub mov (dysphagia)
• Nyuaj nqos zaub mov
• Nyuaj hais lus (dysarthria)

Thaum cov hlab ntsha raug mob vim yog ALS, qhov saum npoo ntawm tus nplaig yuav qhia txog kev txav me me, kev co (fasciculations). Cov no zoo li kev co me me uas tshwm sim hauv cov leeg nqaij.

Tseem Ceeb: Yog tias koj mob sai sai hauv koj lub caj dab lossis lub taub hau nrog rau cov tsos mob no, nws yuav yog rooj plaub ntawm cov hlab ntsha carotid sab hauv uas raug txiav tawm. Yog tias qhov no tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum nrhiav kev kho mob tam sim ntawd.

Yuav kuaj xyuas seb lub paj hlwb hypoglossal ua haujlwm li cas?

Yog tias koj tus kws kho mob xav tias muaj teeb meem ntawm cov hlab ntsha hypoglossal, lawv yuav ua qhov kev kuaj yooj yim ua ntej.

• Lawv yuav qhia koj kom tsa koj tus nplaig tawm ncaj . Yog tias muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha, tus nplaig yuav raug rub tawm ntawm sab uas raug puas lawm.
• Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, lawv yuav qhia koj kom nias koj tus nplaig rau sab hauv ntawm koj lub puab tsaig . Tom qab ntawd tus kws kho mob yuav muab nws txhais tes tso rau sab tod ntawm koj lub puab tsaig thiab saib seb koj tus nplaig muaj zog npaum li cas.

Ntxiv rau cov kev kuaj mob yooj yim no, lwm yam kev kuaj mob yuav raug txiav txim kom nrhiav tau qhov ua rau:

• Kev Ntsuas MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging - MRI) : Qhov no kuaj xyuas seb puas muaj cov cim qhia tias muaj mob stroke lossis ib yam dab tsi zoo li qog hauv hlwb.
• Kev Siv Lub Qhov Txhaws / Kev Siv Lub Qhov Ncauj Qis : Qhov no tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas seb puas muaj cov cim qhia txog mob qog noj ntshav lossis kev kis kab mob.

Cov Kev Kho Mob Feem Ntau Rau Kev Puas Tsuaj ntawm Hypoglossal Nerve

Kev kho mob rau qhov puas tsuaj ntawm cov hlab ntsha hypoglossal nyob ntawm seb qhov ua rau puas tsuaj yog dab tsi . Koj tus kws kho mob yuav tham qhov no nrog koj thiab txiav txim siab seb yuav kho qhov twg zoo tshaj plaws.

Piv txwv li:

• Rau ALS, cov tshuaj thiab ntau yam kev kho mob tau muab los tswj cov tsos mob thiab qeeb qhov kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob.
• Mob qog noj ntshav hauv taub hau thiab caj dab tuaj yeem kho tau los ntawm kev phais, kev siv hluav taws xob kho, thiab/lossis kev siv tshuaj kho mob qog noj ntshav.

Kuv yuav tiv thaiv kuv cov hlab ntsha hypoglossal li cas?

Teeb meem nrog cov hlab ntsha hypoglossal tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau koj lub peev xwm noj mov, hais lus, thiab nqos. Qee qhov ua rau, xws li kev raug mob thiab teeb meem los ntawm kev phais, nyuaj rau tiv thaiv. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj xav tau kev phais ntawm koj lub qhov ncauj lossis caj pas, kev xaiv tus kws phais mob uas muaj kev paub dhau los tuaj yeem pab txo koj qhov kev pheej hmoo.

Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, kev saib xyuas koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem ntawm cov hlab ntsha hypoglossal. Cov no tuaj yeem pab tau:

• Yog tias koj muaj kab mob ntev xws li ALS, ua raws li koj tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia kom meej meej kom tswj tau koj tus kab mob .
• Kev mob stroke yuav tiv thaiv tau los ntawm kev ua neej noj qab haus huv (piv txwv li, noj zaub mov kom sib npaug, tawm dag zog, thiab tswj ntshav siab).
• Tswj koj qhov hnyav kom noj qab nyob zoo . Qhov no tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj mob pw tsaug zog lossis mob hnyav zuj zus yog tias koj muaj nws.
• Yog koj haus luam yeeb, tsum tsis txhob haus luam yeeb thiab haus cawv ntau dhau. Ob yam no tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj mob qog noj ntshav hauv taub hau thiab caj dab.

Thaum twg koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob txog cov teeb meem ntawm cov hlab ntsha hypoglossal?

Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob no ntawm ib sab lossis ob sab ntawm koj tus nplaig, mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd:

• Nyuaj hais lus (aphasia lossis dysarthria) lossis nyuaj nqos (dysphagia).
• Ib qho xwm txheej uas tsis nco qab (zoo li tus nplaig tsis loog).
• Cov leeg tsis muaj zog (zoo li tsis muaj peev xwm tswj tus nplaig kom zoo).
• Muaj kev xav mob los yog kub hnyiab .
• Tsis muaj peev xwm sib koom tes ua tej yam (xws li hais lus tsis meej).

Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev

Feem ntau peb tsis xav ntau txog cov hlab ntsha hypoglossal, tab sis nws yog ib feem tseem ceeb heev ntawm peb lub cev. Nws yog cov hlab ntsha uas pab peb txav peb tus nplaig, tham, nqos, thiab txav tej yam hauv peb lub qhov ncauj. Cov mob xws li mob stroke, mob qog noj ntshav, thiab ALS tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab ntsha no. Kev ua neej noj qab haus huv tuaj yeem pab tauNov yog qee yam uas tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv koj cov hlab ntsha hypoglossal. Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob txawv txawv ntsig txog koj tus nplaig, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tham nrog kws kho mob.

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