Tej zaum koj yuav xav tsis thoob me ntsis thaum koj hnov lub npe 'Colorectal Surgeon', xav tias, "Tus no yog leej twg? Lawv ua dab tsi?" Tsis txhob txhawj, nws tsis nyuaj ua luaj. Hais yooj yim xwb, qhov no yog ib tug kws phais uas tshwj xeeb hauv kev kho cov kab mob thiab ua kev phais rau koj txoj hnyuv loj, qhov quav , thiab qhov quav . Yog li cia peb tham txog qhov no kom meej me ntsis, zoo li koj tab tom tham nrog ib tug phooj ywg, puas tau?
Tus kws phais mob plab hnyuv no yog leej twg? Yav tas los puas hu ua kws kho mob plab hnyuv?
Yog lawm, tej zaum koj twb tau hnov lo lus 'proctologist' lawm. Qhov tseeb, yav dhau los, cov kws kho mob uas kho cov kab mob no hu ua proctologists. 'Colorectal surgeon' yog lub npe tshiab dua, niaj hnub rau thaj chaw kho mob ntawd.
Muaj qhov sib txawv me ntsis ntawm lub ntsiab lus ntawm ob lub npe no. Thaum peb hais tias 'proctologist', nws feem ntau yog hais txog lub qhov quav thiab lub qhov quav. Tab sis thaum peb hais tias 'colorectal', nws suav nrog ob qho tib si colon thiab lub qhov quav. Koj paub, ob lub no yog qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm txoj hnyuv loj. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv kev xyaum, txawm tias lawv raug hu ua lub npe twg los xij, cov kws tshwj xeeb no kho txhua qhov no . Yog li tsis muaj dab tsi yuav tsum xav txog nws ntau dhau.
Vim li cas peb thiaj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws phais mob plab hnyuv?
Xav txog seb koj muaj qee yam tsis xis nyob lossis muaj tsos mob hauv koj lub plab qis, uas yog, koj txoj hnyuv plab (GI). Tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem mus ntsib kws kho mob dav dav lossis kws kho mob plab hnyuv ua ntej.
Yog tias, tom qab kuaj koj tas, tus kws kho mob xav tias koj tus mob yuav tsum tau phais , nws yuav xa koj mus rau kws phais mob plab hnyuv.
Qee yam mob ntawm txoj hnyuv loj uas feem ntau yuav tsum tau phais mob muaj xws li:
- Mob qog noj ntshav thiab polyposis : Qhov no hais txog cov mob qog noj ntshav hauv cov hnyuv loj lossis cov qog me me (polyps) uas tuaj yeem dhau los ua mob qog noj ntshav.
- Kab mob plab hnyuv (IBD): Qhov no yog kev o ntawm cov hnyuv ntev. Piv txwv li, cov mob xws li kab mob Crohn thiab mob ulcerative colitis .
- Ischemia: Qhov no yog thaum ib feem ntawm txoj hnyuv raugCov ntshav tsis txaus los yog poob. Thaum qhov ntawd tshwm sim, qhov ntawd tuaj yeem tuag tau.
- Cov teeb meem ntawm lub cev: Piv txwv li, fistulas - kev sib txuas tsis zoo ntawm txoj hnyuv thiab lwm lub cev, hernias - ib feem ntawm txoj hnyuv tawm ntawm qhov chaw tsis muaj zog, thiab prolapse - ib feem ntawm lub cev tawm, xws li lub qhov quav.
Cov kws phais mob plab hnyuv puas tsuas kho cov hnyuv loj xwb?
Tsis yog, qhov ntawd tsis muaj tseeb. Txawm hais tias cov kws phais mob plab hnyuv feem ntau tshwj xeeb hauv txoj hnyuv loj , lawv kuj tau kawm ua kws phais mob dav dav .
Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, teeb meem ntawm ib lub cev ntawm peb lub cev tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lwm lub cev, puas yog? Yog li ntawd, cov kws tshwj xeeb no yuav tsum kho lwm lub cev uas muaj feem cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau txoj hnyuv lossis uas raug cuam tshuam los ntawm tib yam kab mob. Cov cev no yog:
- Txoj hnyuv me
- Cov leeg nqaij hauv pem teb ntawm lub plab mog (cov no pab tswj kev zom zaub mov thiab kev tswj lub zais zis)
- Kev tso zis
- Kev Tsim Me Nyuam ntawm Poj Niam
Yuav tsum muaj cov kev tsim nyog dab tsi thiaj li ua tau tus kws phais mob plab hnyuv?
Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev. Ib tug kws phais mob plab hnyuv yog ib tug neeg uas muaj kev cob qhia thiab kev txawj ntse siab heev . Piv txwv li, hauv lub tebchaws zoo li Tebchaws Meskas, kom dhau los ua ib tug kws phais mob plab hnyuv, ib tug yuav tsum kawm ua ib tug kws phais mob dav dav tsawg kawg yog tsib xyoos. Tom qab ntawd, ib tug yuav tsum kawm ntxiv ib xyoos lossis ntau dua hauv kev kho mob plab hnyuv.
Tom qab kev cob qhia no, lawv xeem dhau kev xeem sau ntawv thiab kev xeem hais lus thiab dhau los ua cov kws tshwj xeeb uas tau ntawv pov thawj los ntawm pawg thawj coj saib xyuas kev kho mob (piv txwv li, American Board of Colorectal Surgery). Yog li koj tuaj yeem pom, qhov no tsis yog ib txoj kev yooj yim, yog vim li cas peb thiaj ntseeg tau lawv txoj kev paub thiab peev xwm.
Tus kws phais mob plab hnyuv kawm tau dab tsi ntau dua li tus kws phais mob dav dav?
Cov kws tshwj xeeb no kawm txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plab hnyuv thiab lub qhov quav , uas yog, cov kab mob no ua haujlwm li cas thiab lawv sib cuam tshuam li cas.
Vim yog qhov kev paub tob no, cov teeb meem uas tshwm sim hauv cov hnyuv thiab lub qhov quavLawv muaj peev xwm tshwj xeeb los tshuaj xyuas cov teeb meem nyuaj ntawm lub cev thiab muab cov kev kho mob uas tsim nyog. Qhov tseeb, lawv yog cov kws tshaj lij hauv daim teb no.
Tus kws phais mob colorectal ua dab tsi tiag?
Cov kws phais mob plab hnyuv siv txhua txoj kev siv endoscopic thiab phais mob los kho koj lub plab zom mov. Qhov no txhais tau tias lawv muaj txhua yam cuab yeej uas lawv xav tau los kho cov mob nyuaj.
Lawv tuaj yeem kho koj yam tsis tas phais (piv txwv li, los ntawm kev siv endoscopy), phais mob me me , lossis, yog tias tsim nyog, phais qhib .
Qee cov txheej txheem siv los ntawm cov kws phais mob plab hnyuv loj suav nrog:
- Kev kuaj plab hnyuv loj: Qhov no suav nrog kev ntxig ib lub raj nyias nyias, yoog tau (endoscope) nrog lub koob yees duab thiab lub teeb los ntawm lub qhov quav los kuaj tag nrho cov hnyuv loj . Qhov no tuaj yeem siv los tshem tawm cov polyps me me thiab coj cov qauv nqaij (biopsies).
- Enteroscopy: Qhov no kuj yog ib txoj kev kuaj xyuas txoj hnyuv me me siv lub endoscope.
- Sigmoidoscopy: Qhov no tshuaj xyuas qhov kawg ntawm txoj hnyuv loj (sigmoid colon), qhov quav, thiab qhov quav.
- Laparoscopy: Ib qho kev phais me me yog ua rau hauv plab, los ntawm qhov uas lub koob yees duab tshwj xeeb (laparoscope) raug ntxig los tshuaj xyuas cov kab mob sab hauv ntawm lub plab.
- Kev phais mob Laparoscopic: Kuj hu ua "keyhole surgery," qhov no yog ib txoj kev phais uas yuav tsum tau ua ob peb qhov me me hauv plab thiab siv lub laparoscope thiab cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb. Qhov no tso cai rau kev phais mob yam tsis tas yuav ua qhov phais loj, uas ua rau lub sijhawm rov zoo sai dua.
- Kev phais mob siv neeg hlau: Qhov no kuj yog ib hom kev phais mob laparoscopic. Txawm li cas los xij, ntawm no tus kws phais mob tswj hwm caj npab neeg hlau los ntawm lub khoos phis tawj. Qhov no tso cai rau kev phais mob uas nyuaj heev thiab nyuaj heev .
Qee qhov kev phais thiab cov txheej txheem ua los ntawm cov kws phais mob plab hnyuv loj muaj xws li:
- Polypectomy: Tshem tawm cov polyps (cov qog me me) hauv txoj hnyuv loj los ntawm kev siv endoscopy.
- Kev phais mob plab hnyuv (Endoscopic mucosal resection - EMR) / kev phais mob plab hnyuv (endoscopic submucosal dissection - ESD): Cov txheej txheem siab heev rau kev tshem tawm cov qog nqaij hlav hauv cov txheej sab hauv ntawm txoj hnyuv uas nyuaj rau tshem tawm.
- Kev phais mob me me uas siv lub cuab yeej tshwj xeeb (proctoscope) ntxig rau hauv lub qhov quav kom tshem tawm cov qog loj lossis cov khoom thaiv hauv lub qhov quav.
- Kev phais tshem tawm txoj hnyuv loj: Tshem tawm ib feem lossis tag nrho txoj hnyuv loj, nyob ntawm seb tus mob yog dab tsi.
- Kev phais Ostomy: Qhov no suav nrog kev hloov txoj kev uas cov quav tawm hauv lub cev thiab tsim ib lub stoma los ntawm kev txuas ib kawg ntawm txoj hnyuv rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub plab. Qhov no hu ua colostomy lossis ileostomy.
- Kev phais mob anastomosis: Rov txuas ob feem ntawm txoj hnyuv los ntawm kev tshem tawm qhov ostomy uas tau ua dhau los.
- Kev phais tshem cov hnyuv (Appendix): Kev tshem tawm cov hnyuv thaum nws o (mob hnyuv).
- Anoplasty: Kho lossis hloov kho dua tshiab ntawm lub qhov quav.
- Rectopexy: Kev phais kho qhov quav prolapse.
- Sacrocolpopexy: Kho qhov mob ntawm lub plab mog.
- Kho mob hernia: Kho cov hernias hauv txoj hnyuv (piv txwv li inguinal hernia, incisional hernia) siv cov txheej txheem laparoscopic lossis robotic.
- Kev phais mob Cecostomy / antegrade colonic enema (ACE): Ib lub raj raug ntxig rau hauv cov hnyuv loj kom xa cov kua enema los kho qee yam mob, xws li cem quav.
Lawv kuj ua tej yam zoo li no los xyuas seb koj txoj hnyuv loj thiab txoj hnyuv quav ua haujlwm li cas:
- Kev kuaj mob qhov quav siv digital: Kev kuaj uas tus kws kho mob muab tus ntiv tes uas hnav hnab looj tes ntxig rau hauv qhov quav.
- Anoscopy / Proctoscopy: Muab ib lub cuab yeej me me ntxig rau hauv qhov quav thiab sab hauv qab ntawm lub qhov quav.
- Defecography: Kev kuaj xyuas cov quav siv X-ray lossis MRI.
- Endorectal ultrasound: Kev tshuaj xyuas lub qhov quav thiab cov nqaij nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm kev ntxig lub tshuab ultrasound los ntawm lub qhov quav.
- Kev ntsuas qhov siab ntawm lub qhov quav (Anorectal manometry): Kev ntsuas qhov siab thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov leeg nqaij hauv lub qhov quav thiab lub qhov quav.
Cov kws phais mob plab hnyuv loj kho cov mob dab tsi?
Muaj ntau yam mob uas yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws phais mob plab hnyuv. Cia peb saib qee yam ntawm lawv ua pawg:
Mob qog nqaij hlav ntawm txoj hnyuv loj, piv txwv li:
- Mob qog nqaij hlav plab
- Mob qog nqaij hlav ntawm lub qhov quav
- Mob qog nqaij hlav ntawm qhov quav
- Mob qog noj ntshav ntawm cov hnyuv
- Peritoneal carcinomatosis - kev kis mob qog nqaij hlav mus rau sab hauv ntawm lub plab
- Cov qog nqaij hlav stromal hauv plab hnyuv (GIST)
- Cov qog nqaij hlav neuroendocrine
- Qee yam mob qog noj ntshav uas los ntawm noob caj ces, xws li mob qog noj ntshav uas tsis yog polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) lossis Lynch syndrome
Cov polyps hauv txoj hnyuv thiab cov tsos mob polyposis uas tau txais los ntawm noob caj ces, piv txwv li:
- Kab mob adenomatous polyposis syndrome (FAP) - Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntau pua lossis ntau txhiab tus polyps hauv txoj hnyuv loj.
- Lynch syndrome - (kuj hais nyob rau hauv mob qog noj ntshav)
- MUTYH-associated polyposis (MAP)
- Cov tsos mob ntawm cov kab mob polyposis
- Cov qog nqaij hlav Desmoid
- Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
- Cov kab mob polyposis ntawm cov menyuam yaus
- PTEN hamartoma syndrome
Mob plab hnyuv (mob o ntawm txoj hnyuv loj), piv txwv li:
- Diverticulitis - Kev kis kab mob lossis o ntawm cov hnab me me (diverticula) hauv phab ntsa ntawm txoj hnyuv.
- Mob plab hnyuv
- Kab mob Crohn
- Kev kuaj mob plab hnyuv me me
- Kab mob plab hnyuv loj (Pseudomembranous colitis) - Ib yam mob uas feem ntau tshwm sim tom qab siv tshuaj tua kab mob.
- Kab Mob Qog Ntsws - Mob qog ntawm cov hnyuv.
- Necrotizing enterocolitis - Ib qho mob hnyav uas cuam tshuam rau cov menyuam mos.
- Ischemic colitis - Kev o ntawm txoj hnyuv loj vim yog cov ntshav tsis txaus mus rau txoj hnyuv loj.
Cov teeb meem ntawm txoj hnyuv ua haujlwm, piv txwv li:
- Kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm lub plab mog - ib qho mob uas ua rau muaj teeb meem tso quav.
- Tsis muaj peev xwm tswj tau cov quav (Fecal incontinence)
- Kev quav tsis raug
- Anismus - Tsis muaj peev xwm so cov leeg ntawm lub qhov quav kom zoo thaum lub sijhawm tso quav.
Cov teeb meem ntawm cov qauv, piv txwv li:
- Kev thaiv cov hnyuv loj
- Qhov quav fistula - Kev tsim ntawm ib txoj kev tsis zoo li qub ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab txoj hnyuv ze ntawm qhov quav.
- Rectovaginal fistula - qhov kev sib txuas tsis zoo ntawm lub qhov quav thiab qhov chaw mos.
- Perineal hernia
- Kab mob Perianal
- Kev tawg ntawm lub qhov quav
- Kev tawg ntawm lub cev pelvic
Lwm yam mob tsis zoo ntawm txoj hnyuv loj, piv txwv li:
- Kev los ntshav hauv plab hnyuv / kev los ntshav hauv qhov quav
- Cov qhov quav tawg
- Cov pob khaus ntawm qhov quav
- Mob ntshav tawm
- Cov qhov txhab ntawm lub qhov quav
- Kev cem quav thiab kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov quav
Ib qho kev ceeb toom me ntsis txog koj txoj hnyuv loj thiab lub plab zom mov qis dua
Koj txoj hnyuv loj yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm koj txoj hnyuv qis . Cov khoom noj uas peb noj mus los ntawm koj lub cev zom zaub mov, thiab nws yog los ntawm qhov no uas cov khoom pov tseg thaum kawg raug tshem tawm ntawm koj lub cev. Yog li, yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob xws li mob plab qis lossis hloov pauv hauv koj txoj kev quav (piv txwv li, los ntshav, raws plab, cem quav), nws yuav yog teeb meem nrog koj txoj hnyuv qis.
Nov yog thaum cov lus qhia thiab kev kho mob ntawm tus kws phais mob plab hnyuv loj dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb. Tsis yog txhua yam mob yuav tsum tau phais . Txawm li cas los xij, thaum xav tau kev phais, kev mus ntsib tus kws tshwj xeeb zoo li no tuaj yeem pab koj tau txais kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws. Koj tus kws kho mob dav dav lossis tus kws kho mob plab hnyuv yuav xa koj mus rau tus kws phais mob plab hnyuv loj yog tias lawv xav tias tus kws tshwj xeeb no tuaj yeem tswj koj tus mob zoo tshaj plaws.
Thaum kawg, kuv yuav tsum qhia rau koj ... (Cov Lus Coj Mus Tsev)
Vam tias koj tam sim no muaj lub tswv yim zoo txog tus kws phais mob plab hnyuv yog leej twg, lawv ua dab tsi, thiab lawv kho hom kab mob dab tsi.
Qhov tseem ceeb yog cov kws tshwj xeeb no nyob ntawd los pab koj . Lawv muaj kev txawj ntse thiab kev cob qhia uas xav tau rau koj tus mob.
- Yog tias koj muaj tej yam tsos mob txawv txawv ntsig txog koj txoj hnyuv loj, qhov quav, lossis qhov quav (piv txwv li, mob plab tas li, muaj ntshav hauv koj cov quav, hloov pauv kev coj ua quav, poob phaus yam tsis paub meej), tsis txhob tsis quav ntsej . Nrhiav kev pab kho mob tam sim ntawd.
- Yog koj tus kws kho mob xa koj mus ntsib kws phais mob plab hnyuv, tsis txhob ntshai . Qhov ntawd tsuas txhais tau tias koj yuav xav tau kev kho mob tshwj xeeb xwb .
- Nco ntsoov tias, nrog rau kev tshawb fawb kho mob niaj hnub no, ntau yam mob ntsig txog daim teb no tuaj yeem tswj hwm thiab kho tau zoo .
Yog li ntawd, koj yuav tsum noj qab nyob zoo! Yog tias koj muaj teeb meem dab tsi, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog nrhiav cov lus qhia zoo los ntawm qhov chaw zoo.
👩🏽⚕️ Cov Lus Nug Ntxiv (FAQs)
💬 Leej twg yog tus kws phais mob plab hnyuv?
Qhov no yog hais txog ib tug kws phais neeg uas muaj kev cob qhia tshwj xeeb hauv kev kho cov kab mob ntsig txog qhov kawg ntawm peb lub cev zom zaub mov, uas yog txoj hnyuv loj, qhov quav, thiab qhov quav.
💬 Koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob no yog koj muaj mob dab tsi?
Yuav tsum tau sab laj nrog tus kws kho mob no rau cov mob xws li mob hemorrhoids, qhov quav tawg, raws plab hnyav ntev (Crohn's Disease), thiab mob qog nqaij hlav plab.
💬 Vim li cas peb thiaj yuav tsum mus ntsib tus kws kho mob no es tsis txhob mus ntsib kws phais mob dav dav?
Cov kws kho mob plab hnyuv loj no muaj kev paub tshwj xeeb thiab kev paub dhau los hauv kev phais thiab kev kuaj mob (colonoscopy) ua rau ntawm txoj hnyuv loj thiab lub qhov quav.
Kws phais mob plab hnyuv, cov kab mob ntawm lub qhov quav, kws phais mob plab hnyuv, mob qog nqaij hlav hnyuv, kev soj ntsuam plab hnyuv, lub cev zom zaub mov, kev phais mob
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