Koj lub ntsws puas tawg lawm? Cia peb tham txog atelectasis!

Koj puas tau muaj ib qho kev xav txawv txawv, hnyav hauv koj lub hauv siab thaum koj ua pa? Los yog koj puas xav tias koj ua pa nyuaj? Tej zaum koj nyuam qhuav phais loj lossis koj raug kev txom nyem los ntawm lwm yam mob ua pa, qhov no yuav tseem ceeb heev rau koj. Hnub no peb yuav tham txog atelectasis, ib qho mob uas ib feem ntawm lub ntsws, lossis qee zaum tag nrho lub ntsws, vau . Tsis txhob txhawj, qhov no yog ib yam dab tsi uas tuaj yeem tswj tau yog tias koj nkag siab zoo.

Hais yooj yim xwb, atelectasis yog dab tsi?

Zoo, cia peb xub saib seb atelectasis yog dab tsi. Hais yooj yim xwb, nws yog thaum ib lossis ntau lub hnab cua me me (alveoli) hauv peb lub ntsws tsis tuaj yeem nthuav dav thiab tawg.

Koj paub tias muaj dab tsi tshwm sim thaum peb ua pa. Cov pa uas peb nqus mus rau hauv lub ntsws thiab mus rau hauv cov hnab cua no hu ua alveoli. Qhov ntawd yog qhov uas cov pa oxygen hauv huab cua sib xyaw nrog peb cov ntshav. Tom qab ntawd cov ntshav uas muaj oxygen ntawd mus thoob plaws lub cev, muab cov pa oxygen rau tag nrho peb cov kab mob thiab cov nqaij uas lawv xav tau kom muaj sia nyob.

Tam sim no xav txog, yuav ua li cas yog tias cov hnab cua no (alveoli) tsis tau txais cua txaus kom txaus, lossis yog tias lawv raug nias los ntawm ib yam dab tsi sab nraud? Thaum ntawd lawv tawg. Qhov no yog qhov peb hu ua atelectasis. Qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv ib feem me me ntawm lub ntsws, lossis nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau tag nrho lub ntsws. Qhov tseem ceeb yog, yog tias muaj ntau ntawm lub ntsws tawg ua li no, peb cov ntshav yuav tsis tau txais oxygen txaus. Tom qab ntawd ntau yam teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv yuav tshwm sim.

Qhov txawv ntawm Atelectasis thiab Pneumothorax yog dab tsi?

Ob lub npe no tej zaum yuav ua rau koj tsis meej pem, yog li cia peb piav qhia qhov txawv ntawm ob lub npe no.

• Atelectasis , zoo li kuv tau hais ua ntej lawm, yog qhov uas cov hnab cua (alveoli) hauv lub ntsws lossis ib feem ntawm lub ntsws tawg. Hauv qhov no, qhov teeb meem nyob hauv lub ntsws nws tus kheej.
• Mob ntsws (pneumothorax) yog thaum cua nkag mus rau hauv qhov chaw ib puag ncig lub ntsws, thawb lub ntsws mus rau hauv thiab ua rau nws tawg. Hauv qhov no, lub zog siab los ntawm sab nraud lub ntsws.

Koj puas pom qhov txawv? Ib tug los ntawm sab hauv, ib tug los ntawm sab nraud.

Qhov atelectasis qhia txog dab tsi?

Yog tias koj tsis tau phais mob hauv siab lossis plab tsis ntev los no, yog tias koj raug kuaj pom tias muaj atelectasis, nws yuav qhia tau tias muaj qee yam kev thaiv hauv koj txoj hlab pa . Qhov kev thaiv no yog qhov ua rau ib feem lossis tag nrho koj lub ntsws tawg.

Leej twg muaj feem yuav muaj qhov teeb meem no ntau dua?

Muaj ob peb tug neeg uas muaj feem yuav mob atelectasis ntau dua. Cia peb saib lawv yog leej twg:

• Cov neeg uas tau phais mob hauv siab lossis mob plab:Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub sijhawm phais mob, koj yuav ua tsis tau pa tob vim yog cov tshuaj loog uas siv los ua kom koj tsaug zog. Qhov no txhais tau tias koj lub ntsws yuav tsis ua pa kom zoo.
• Cov neeg uas muaj tej yam mob uas thaiv cov hlab cua me me (xws li lub bronchi) hauv lub ntsws: Qhov no ua rau lub ntsws tsis muaj peev xwm nthuav dav li qub.
• Cov neeg raug mob hauv siab lossis pob txha tawg: Qhov mob hnyav thaum lub sijhawm zoo li no ua rau nws nyuaj rau ua pa tob.
• Cov neeg raug pa luam yeeb.

Muaj cov hom atelectasis dab tsi?

Muaj peb hom mob atelectasis tseem ceeb: Compressive, Resorptive/Obstructive, thiab Contraction. Suab nyuaj me ntsis? Cia peb ua kom yooj yim xwb.

1. Kev mob plab zom mov

Qhov no yog thaum ib yam dab tsi nyob ib puag ncig lub ntsws - xws li kua dej, cua, ntshav, lossis qog - muab kev nyem rau ntawm lub ntsws, ua rau nws vau. Nws zoo li nias sab nraud ntawm lub npas thiab ua rau nws vau.

2. Kev nqus/kev thaiv cov hlab ntsha hauv lub plab

Nov yog qhov tshwm sim: Cov hnab cua hauv koj lub ntsws (alveoli) nqus cov pa oxygen thiab cov pa roj carbon dioxide rau hauv koj cov ntshav, tab sis tsis muaj txoj hauv kev rau cov pa tshiab nkag mus. Tom qab ntawd cov hnab cua ntawd khoob thiab ua rau txhaws. Kev phais mob uas xav tau kev siv tshuaj loog yog qhov ua rau muaj qhov no.

Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, yog tias muaj ib yam dab tsi hauv lub ntsws (piv txwv li, ib lub qog, ib lub qog nqaij hlav, lossis ib yam khoom me me uas koj nqos tsis tau) daig thiab tiv thaiv cua tsis pub nkag mus, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau "Resorptive atelectasis" (Kev nqus pa tsis tau). Qhov no kuj hu ua "Obstructive atelectasis" .

3. Kev sib cog lus ntawm lub plab

Qhov no yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev caws pliav (fibrosis) hauv lub ntsws. Qhov caws pliav no tiv thaiv cov hnab cua (alveoli) kom tsis txhob qhib zoo.

Lwm hom

Cov menyuam mos tshiab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov menyuam yug tsis tau lub sijhawm lossis cov neeg uas muaj mob ua pa nyuaj (ARDS), tuaj yeem tsim tau ib hom mob atelectasis uas tsis tshua muaj. Qhov no tshwm sim thaum tsis muaj cov protein txaus (hu ua surfactant) uas tiv thaiv cov ntsws kom tsis txhob vau.

Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, cov npe xws li bibasilar atelectasis, rounded atelectasis, gravity-dependent atelectasis, thiab subsegmental atelectasis hais txog qhov chaw, tsos, lossis qhov hnyav ntawm qhov tawg.

Cov tsos mob yog dab tsi?

Feem ntau, atelectasis tsis ua rau muaj cov tsos mob tshwj xeeb.Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias muaj ib qho mob nkeeg (xws li COPD) uas ua rau atelectasis, nws yuav muaj cov tsos mob.

Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias atelectasis cuam tshuam rau thaj chaw loj ntawm koj lub ntsws, koj cov pa oxygen hauv cov ntshav yuav poob qis. Qhov no hu ua hypoxemia. Cov tsos mob xws li cov no yuav tshwm sim:

• Ua pa nyuaj / ua pa luv luv (dyspnea)
• Hnoos
• Mob hauv siab
• Ua pa sai (tachypnea)
• Daim tawv nqaij xiav thiab daim di ncauj

Qhov laj thawj feem ntau yog dab tsi?

Qhov ua rau mob atelectasis feem ntau yog phais . Thaum siv tshuaj loog kom koj tsaug zog thaum phais, koj tsis ua pa tob. Koj kuj tsis hnoos kom zoo kom tshem cov hnoos qeev hauv koj lub ntsws. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau koj txoj hlab pa raug thaiv thiab tiv thaiv cua kom tsis txhob mus txog alveoli. Qhov no yog thaum resorptive atelectasis tshwm sim.

Yog vim li cas lwm yam?

Muaj ntau lwm yam laj thawj ntxiv rau kev phais.

• Mucus plug: Qhov no feem ntau tshwm sim tom qab phais mob, rau cov menyuam yaus, rau cov neeg uas muaj cystic fibrosis, thiab thaum muaj mob hawb pob hnyav.
• Yam khoom uas nqus tau: Tej yam me me , tshwj xeeb yog cov menyuam yaus me, yuav raug nqos tsis tau, xws li tej khoom ua si me me lossis khoom noj. Cov no yuav nkag mus rau hauv txoj hlab pa thiab thaiv lub ntsws.
• Cov kua dej sib sau ua ke nyob ib puag ncig lub ntsws (pleural effusion): Qhov no feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm ib qho mob nkeeg, xws li kab mob plawv.
• Huab cua sib sau ua ke nyob ib puag ncig lub ntsws (pneumothorax).
• Cov qog nqaij hlav uas tsis yog mob qog nqaij hlav (benign).
• Cov qog nqaij hlav.
• Kev caws pliav ntawm lub ntsws.
• Cov kab mob tseem ceeb: Atelectasis kuj tseem tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm cov mob xws li mob ntsws ntev (COPD) lossis mob ntsws ua pa nyuaj (ARDS), thiab cov kab mob ua pa xws li COVID-19 lossis mob ntsws.

Koj paub qhov no li cas?

Kauj ruam thawj zaug hauv kev kuaj mob atelectasis yog kom tau txais daim duab X-ray hauv siab . Qhov no yuav thaij duab ntawm koj lub ntsws. Yog tias tsim nyog, koj tus kws kho mob kuj tseem yuav hais kom ua CT scan (Computed Tomography scan) kom tau cov duab ntxaws ntxiv.

Qee zaum, koj tus kws kho mob yuav tsum tau saib sab hauv koj lub ntsws. Qhov no ua tiav los ntawm kev muab ib lub raj me me uas muaj lub koob yees duab tso rau hauv koj lub caj pas. Qhov no hu ua bronchoscopy . Thaum lub sijhawm kuaj no, txhua yam kev thaiv hauv koj txoj hlab pa tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm.

Cov kev kho mob yog dab tsi?

Atelectasis feem ntau tshwm sim.Nws yuav kho tau zoo yam tsis tas yuav kho tshwj xeeb, nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ze ntawm tus kws kho mob.

Lwm yam kev kho mob nyob ntawm seb qhov ua rau o thiab nws qhov hnyav npaum li cas. Tej zaum yuav muaj xws li:

• Kev cob qhia ua pa tob tob ('incentive spirometry'): Qhov no suav nrog kev xyaum ua pa tob tob siv lub cuab yeej me me.
• Tshem tawm cov khoom thaiv hauv lub ntsws: Qhov no feem ntau ua tiav los ntawm kev kuaj bronchoscopy.
• Kev Kho Mob Lub Cev: Qhov no suav nrog kev tawm dag zog uas pab nthuav lub ntsws.
• Cov tshuaj uas ua rau cov hlab pa qhib (bronchodilators).
• Kev kho mob qog nqaij hlav lossis cov kab mob ntsws ntev.

Nco ntsoov, koj tus kws kho mob yuav txiav txim siab txog koj txoj kev npaj kho mob, yog li nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum ua raws li koj tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia.

Yuav ua li cas thiaj txo tau qhov kev pheej hmoo?

Muaj ntau yam koj ua tau los txo koj qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm atelectasis:

• Tom qab phais: Sawv thiab taug kev sai li sai tau thaum koj tus kws kho mob hais kom koj ua, ua cov kev tawm dag zog ua pa, thiab siv lub tshuab ntsuas pa kom ua pa tau zoo.
• Yog koj muaj tej yam mob uas koj twb muaj lawm: Mus kho koj tus mob kom zoo. Ua raws li koj tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia.
• Yog koj haus luam yeeb, tsum, lossis tsis txhob pib. Kev haus luam yeeb tsis zoo rau koj lub ntsws.
• Yog koj muaj menyuam yaus me: Tsis txhob tso cov khoom ua si me me lossis cov khoom noj rau qhov chaw uas lawv tuaj yeem txhaws tau.

Qhov no puas yog ib qho teeb meem loj heev?

Feem ntau Atelectasis tsis yog ib qho mob hnyav . Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum, muaj teeb meem loj tshwm sim:

• Cov pa oxygen hauv cov ntshav qis (hypoxemia): Thaum huab cua tsis tuaj yeem ncav cuag cov alveoli vim yog lub ntsws txhaws, cov ntshav tsis tau txais oxygen, thiab cov nqaij thiab cov kabmob tsis tau txais oxygen.
• Mob ntsws (Pneumonia): Yog tias cov hnoos qeev sib sau ua ke hauv cov hlab pa uas raug thaiv, nws tuaj yeem kis kab mob.
• Kev ua pa tsis ua haujlwm: Yog tias muaj mob hnyav (piv txwv li, yog tias tag nrho lub ntsws raug cuam tshuam), kev ua pa tsis ua haujlwm tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus.

Lub zeem muag zoo li cas?

Qhov xov xwm zoo yog tias feem ntau, atelectasis yuav rov qab zoo li qub thaum kho tau qhov ua rau mob. Cov neeg feem coob zoo sai thiab tsis muaj teeb meem loj mus sij hawm ntev. Txawm li cas los xij, ib tus neeg uas muaj mob mus sij hawm ntev (mob ntev) yuav xav tau kev kho mob ntxiv los tswj qhov ua rau mob atelectasis.

Kuv yuav saib xyuas kuv tus kheej li cas?

Qhov zoo tshaj plaws uas koj ua tau yog ua raws li koj tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia tom qab phais tas.Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias koj muaj mob uas ua rau koj muaj feem yuav mob atelectasis ntau ntxiv, tswj hwm lawv kom zoo.

Thaum twg koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob?

Yog tias koj nyuam qhuav phais, muaj mob nkeeg, muaj cov tsos mob tshiab, lossis txhawj xeeb txog cov tsos mob, mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd.

Peb lub ntsws yog cov kab mob uas nyuaj heev thiab tseem ceeb heev. Lawv muaj lub luag haujlwm los khaws cua, muab oxygen rau cov ntshav, thiab ua kom tag nrho cov nqaij thiab cov kab mob hauv lub cev ua haujlwm tau zoo. Atelectasis yog thaum ib feem ntawm lub cev no tsis ua haujlwm raws li nws yuav tsum tau ua. Hais tias "lub ntsws tawg" - txawm tias yog ib feem me me - tuaj yeem ua rau ntshai me ntsis. Tab sis, hmoov zoo, feem ntau, atelectasis tsis yog qhov mob hnyav txaus kom ua rau tuag taus.

Rau koj qhov kev mloog: qee cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb

Zoo, yog li, los ntawm qhov peb tau tham txog, cov no yog cov yam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov:

• Atelectasis yog qhov tawg ntawm cov hnab cua (alveoli) hauv lub ntsws.
• Qhov ua rau feem ntau yog phais, tab sis kuj muaj lwm yam ua rau, xws li txhaws cov hnoos qeev, nqos ib yam dab tsi, qog nqaij hlav, thiab kab mob ntsws.
• Feem ntau, tsis muaj tsos mob, tab sis tej yam xws li ua pa nyuaj, hnoos, thiab mob hauv siab tuaj yeem tshwm sim.
• Kev xyaum ua pa tob tob thiab tsis txhob haus luam yeeb tom qab phais mob tuaj yeem pab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo.
• Feem ntau tus mob no kho tau.
• Yog koj muaj lus nug lossis tsis xis nyob, nrhiav kev pab kho mob tam sim ntawd.

Vam tias koj pom cov ntaub ntawv no muaj txiaj ntsig. Nyob kom noj qab nyob zoo!

Atelectasis , lub ntsws tawg, ua pa nyuaj, kab mob ntsws, ua pa nyuaj, phais lub ntsws, mob ntsws