Tej yam koj yuav tsum paub txog Down Syndrome

Thaum tus kws kho mob qhia koj tias koj tus menyuam muaj Down Syndrome, koj yuav ntshai thiab poob siab heev. Qhov ntawd yog ib qho zoo li qub. Cov lus nug xws li "Kuv yuav ua li cas tam sim no?" thiab "Yav tom ntej ntawm kuv tus menyuam yuav zoo li cas?" tej zaum yuav khiav hauv koj lub siab. Tsis txhob txhawj. Peb yuav tham txog txhua yam hauv txoj kev yooj yim uas koj nkag siab. Thaum koj nyeem tsab xov xwm no tas, koj yuav nkag siab zoo dua txog qhov mob no.

Hauv lwm lo lus, Down syndrome yog dab tsi?

Zoo, kom nkag siab qhov no, cia peb pib nrog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws hauv peb lub cev. Peb lub cev muaj ntau lab lub hlwb me me. Hauv txhua lub hlwb no muaj ib pawg "lus qhia" uas muaj tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv hais txog peb lub cev yuav tsum ua haujlwm li cas, peb qhov tsos, peb qhov siab, thiab peb qhov muag xim. Hauv kev kho mob, peb hu cov phau ntawv qhia no ua chromosomes .

Feem ntau, txhua lub cell hauv ib tus neeg noj qab haus huv muaj 23 khub ntawm cov chromosomes no, rau tag nrho 46 chromosomes . Qhov tshwm sim rau ib tug menyuam uas muaj Down syndrome yog tias muaj ib daim qauv ntxiv ntawm chromosome 21. Qhov no txhais tau tias cov cell ntawm tus menyuam muaj 47 chromosomes es tsis yog 46.

Puas muaj ib qho laj thawj tshwj xeeb rau qhov mob no? Leej twg muaj feem yuav muaj feem ntau dua?

Qhov no yog ib lo lus nug uas ntau tus niam txiv nug. "Qhov no puas yog peb qhov txhaum?" lawv xav tsis thoob. Tau kawg tsis yog. Down syndrome tsis yog ib qho mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm txhua yam uas niam txiv tau ua ua ntej lossis thaum cev xeeb tub. Nws tshwm sim yuav luag txhua zaus. Ntawd yog, nws tshwm sim los ntawm txoj hmoo thaum lub sijhawm faib cell uas tshwm sim thaum cov phev thiab qe ntsib thaum lub sijhawm xeeb tub.

Txawm li cas los xij, kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev muaj menyuam yaus uas muaj Down syndrome nce me ntsis thaum niam hnub nyoog nce ntxiv . Qhov kev pheej hmoo no yog qhov siab tshwj xeeb rau cov poj niam hnub nyoog tshaj 35 xyoo. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis tau txhais hais tias qhov mob no tsis tshwm sim rau cov niam hnub nyoog qis dua 35 xyoo. Qhov tseeb, vim tias cov poj niam hnub nyoog qis dua 35 xyoo yug ntau tus menyuam, feem ntau ntawm cov menyuam yaus uas muaj Down syndrome yug los ntawm cov niam hnub nyoog qis dua 35 xyoo.

Cov tsos mob ntawm ib tug me nyuam uas muaj Down syndrome yog dab tsi?

Cov menyuam uas muaj Down syndrome muaj tej yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev, lub hlwb, thiab tus cwj pwm. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog txhua tus menyuam muaj tej yam ntxwv no.Peb kuj yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawd yuav txawv ntawm ib tug me nyuam mus rau ib tug me nyuam.

Ntxiv rau cov tsos mob no, lwm yam teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv yuav tshwm sim thaum tus menyuam loj hlob tuaj. Piv txwv li, mob pob ntseg, teeb meem pom kev, teeb meem hniav, pw tsaug zog tsis taus pa, thiab qee tus menyuam yuav muaj kab mob plawv txij thaum yug los . Yog li ntawd, tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj xyuas cov menyuam no tsis tu ncua.

Muaj peb hom mob Down syndrome tseem ceeb.

Down syndrome muab faib ua peb hom tseem ceeb, nyob ntawm seb qhov chromosome 21st ntxiv nyob li cas hauv cov hlwb.

1. Trisomy 21: Qhov no yog hom mob uas feem ntau tshwm sim . Nws cuam tshuam rau 95% ntawm cov neeg uas muaj Down syndrome. Hom mob no yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm qhov muaj peb daim qauv ntawm chromosome 21 hauv txhua lub cell ntawm lub cev, es tsis yog ob.

2. Kev Hloov Chaw Down Syndrome: Qhov no tsis tshua muaj. Kwv yees li 4% ntawm cov neeg mob Down syndrome yog hom no. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm no yog tias tag nrho lossis ib feem ntawm cov chromosome ntxiv 21 txav mus rau lwm lub chromosome thiab txuas nws tus kheej.

3. Mosaic Down Syndrome: Qhov no yog hom tsis tshua muaj (tsawg dua 1%). Qhov tshwm sim ntawm no yog tias cov chromosome thib 21 ntxiv tsuas yog muaj nyob rau hauv qee lub hlwb ntawm lub cev. Lwm cov hlwb feem ntau muaj 46 chromosomes. Vim li no, cov tsos mob ntawm cov menyuam no yuav tsawg dua li niaj zaus.

Yuav paub qhov mob no li cas?

Koj tuaj yeem kuaj pom tus mob Down syndrome ua ntej lossis tom qab yug los.

Ua ntej tus menyuam yug los (thaum cev xeeb tub)

Muaj ob hom kev kuaj mob uas ua thaum cev xeeb tub.

• Kev Ntsuas Xyuas: Cov no yog siv los txiav txim siab qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm tus menyuam muaj Down syndrome. Qhov no yog ua los ntawm kev kuaj ntshav los ntawm leej niam thiab kev ntsuas ultrasound. Kev ntsuas ntsuas cov khoom xws li cov kua dej hauv qab tus menyuam lub caj dab. Yog tias qhov kev kuaj no qhia tau tias muaj kev pheej hmoo, koj yuav raug xa mus rau kev kuaj ntxiv kom paub meej tias nws.
• Kev Kuaj Mob: Cov no yog qhov tseeb 100% hauv kev txiav txim siab seb tus menyuam puas muaj Down syndrome. Cov kev kuaj tseem ceeb rau qhov no yog Amniocentesis thiab Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) . Qhov no suav nrog kev coj me me ntawm cov kua amniotic lossis placenta nyob ib puag ncig tus menyuam thiab kuaj cov chromosomes.

Tom qab tus menyuam yug los

Thaum tus me nyuam yug los, cov kws kho mob yuav kuaj xyuas tus me nyuam lub cev zoo li cas. Lawv yuav nrhiav cov yam ntxwv uas peb tau tham ua ntej. Yog tias xav tias muaj Down syndrome, yuav kuaj ntshav hu ua karyotype los xyuas kom meej. Ib qho ntshav me me uas coj los ntawm tus me nyuam tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas hauv qab lub tshuab microscope kom paub tseeb tias puas muaj ib daim qauv ntxiv ntawm chromosome 21.

Kev kho mob thiab kev txhawb nqa - yuav ua li cas pab tus menyuam?

Down syndrome tsis yog ib yam mob uas kho tau tag nrho. Nws yog ib yam mob uas yuav kho tau mus ib txhis. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog kev kho mob zoo, kev kho mob, thiab kev txhawb nqa uas muaj kev hlub, tus menyuam yuav raug pab kom muaj lub neej zoo siab thiab noj qab nyob zoo kom ntau li ntau tau.

Cov kev xaiv kho mob muaj xws li:

• Kev Kho Mob Lub Cev: Pab kom cov leeg muaj zog thiab txhim kho cov txuj ci txav mus los xws li kev taug kev thiab kev ua luam dej.
• Kev Kho Mob Ua Haujlwm: Txhim kho cov txuj ci uas xav tau los ua cov haujlwm txhua hnub yooj yim, xws li hnav khaub ncaws koj tus kheej, noj mov, thiab tuav cwj mem.
• Kev Kho Mob Hais Lus: Pab koj hais lus kom meej, nkag siab txog yam uas lwm tus hais, thiab qhia koj tus kheej.
• Cov kev kawm tshwj xeeb: Cov kev ua ub no qhia ntawv yuav ua nyob rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv raws li tus menyuam lub peev xwm kawm.
• Kev kho mob rau lwm yam teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv: Yog tias muaj tej yam mob xws li kab mob plawv lossis teeb meem thyroid, muab kev kho mob tsim nyog.

Cov ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas txog kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus menyuam

Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj Down syndrome muaj feem yuav muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv ntau dua, yog li nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum paub txog qhov no.

• Kab mob plawv: Muaj ntau tus menyuam yaus muaj kab mob plawv txij thaum yug los. Ib txhia ntawm lawv yuav tsum tau phais.
• Teeb Meem Thyroid: Cov theem ntawm cov tshuaj hormones thyroid tej zaum yuav qis lossis siab.
• Teeb meem ntawm lub plab zom mov: Cov mob xws li cem quav thiab mob plab hnyuv yog ib qho uas tshwm sim ntau.
• Kab mob Alzheimer: Cov neeg uas muaj Down syndrome muaj feem yuav mob Alzheimer's, ib yam kab mob uas ua rau lawv tsis nco qab, thaum lawv laus zuj zus. Ib tug noob caj noob ces ntawm chromosome 21 tau pom tias muaj feem cuam tshuam rau qhov no.

Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nrhiav kev pab tswv yim los ntawm kws kho mob txog kev loj hlob thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus menyuam.

Kev txhawb nqa uas koj tau txais ua niam txiv

Tsis txhob nyuaj siab ib leeg thaum koj pom tias koj tus menyuam muaj Down syndrome. Koj tsis yog ib leeg xwb.

• Cov kws kho mob thiab cov kws kho mob: Sab laj nrog pab neeg saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv ntawm koj tus menyuam. Nug cov lus nug.
• Kev sab laj: Koj tuaj yeem nrhiav kev sab laj los tham txog koj qhov kev ntshai thiab kev txhawj xeeb.
• Cov Pab Pawg Txhawb Nqa: Koom nrog lwm cov niam txiv ntawm cov menyuam uas muaj Down syndrome. Koj tuaj yeem kawm tau ntau yam los ntawm lawv cov kev paub dhau los. Nws kuj yog ib qho kev txhawb siab zoo kom paub tias koj tsis yog tib tug neeg uas tab tom dhau los ntawm txoj kev no.

Kev saib xyuas ib tug me nyuam uas muaj tus mob Down syndrome tuaj yeem yog ib qho kev cov nyom. Tab sis nws kuj yog ib qho kev paub uas hloov pauv lub neej thiab muaj kev hlub. Cov me nyuam no muaj kev hlub heev thiab xav kom muaj kev zoo siab. Yog tias muaj kev txhawb nqa zoo, lawv kuj tuaj yeem mus kawm ntawv, ua phooj ywg, nrhiav haujlwm, thiab ua neej vam meej.