Koj puas txhawj xeeb txog kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov tshuaj hormones txiv neej hauv lub cev? Cia peb tham txog hyperandrogenism!

Koj puas txhawj txog qee qhov kev hloov pauv hauv koj lub cev? Tej zaum qhov laj thawj yog vim muaj kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov androgen, ib hom tshuaj hormones txiv neej, hauv lub cev. Qhov mob no hu ua hyperandrogenism hauv kev kho mob. Tsis txhob txhawj, peb yuav tham txog qhov no yooj yim, hauv txoj kev uas koj tuaj yeem nkag siab.

Hyperandrogenism yog dab tsi tiag?

Hais yooj yim xwb, hyperandrogenism txhais tau tias koj lub cev muaj ntau androgens, ib hom tshuaj hormones poj niam txiv neej. Androgens tseem ceeb rau kev laus zuj zus, kev noj qab haus huv ntawm kev yug me nyuam, thiab kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev.

Tam sim no saib seb, cov tshuaj hormones yog cov tshuaj lom neeg hauv peb lub cev. Lawv zoo li cov neeg xa xov. Lawv taug kev hla cov ntshav thiab qhia peb cov kabmob, cov leeg, thiab lwm cov nqaij yuav tsum ua li cas thiab thaum twg yuav tsum ua.

Cov androgens raug tsim tawm hauv txhua tus neeg lub cev. Tab sis cov txiv neej tsim tawm ntau tshaj plaws. Cov poj niam tsim tawm li ib feem kaum ob ntawm cov khoom hauv lub cev ntawm tus txiv neej. Testosterone yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov androgens no.

Cov androgens yog tsim los ntawm cov noob qes hauv cov txiv neej thiab cov zes qe menyuam hauv cov poj niam. Cov tshuaj hormones no kuj tseem tsim los ntawm cov qog adrenal uas nyob saum peb lub raum. Lawv kuj pab hloov cov androgens tsis muaj zog mus rau hauv cov muaj zog dua hauv cov chaw xws li cov nqaij rog thiab daim tawv nqaij.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob no, hu ua hyperandrogenism, tuaj yeem sib txawv nyob ntawm koj lub hnub nyoog thiab poj niam txiv neej. Muaj ntau yam ua rau, thiab muaj kev kho rau nws.

Puas yog Hyperandrogenism thiab PCOS zoo ib yam?

Muaj coob tus neeg xav tias Hyperandrogenism thiab Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) yog tib yam kab mob. Txawm hais tias muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm ob qho no, lawv tsis yog tib yam.

Hyperandrogenism yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm PCOS. PCOS yog qhov tsis sib npaug ntawm cov tshuaj hormones uas tshwm sim los ntawm lub zes qe menyuam tsim cov tshuaj hormones txiv neej ntau dhau. Nws cuam tshuam rau cov poj niam.

Yog li, txawm hais tias PCOS yog ib qho ua rau muaj hyperandrogenism, tab sis kuj muaj lwm yam ua rau hyperandrogenism. Ib yam li ntawd, PCOS muaj lwm cov tsos mob, xws li cov cysts ntawm zes qe menyuam, ntxiv rau cov tsos mob ntawm hyperandrogenism.

Leej twg raug tus mob no ntau tshaj? Nws tshwm sim ntau npaum li cas?

Kev muaj roj ntau dhau (hyperandrogenism) tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau txhua tus neeg - cov menyuam yaus, cov neeg laus, thiab txhua tus. Txawm li cas los xij, nws feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov poj niam uas muaj hnub nyoog yug tau menyuam .

Nruab nrab ntawm 5% thiab 10% ntawm cov poj niam uas muaj hnub nyoog yug me nyuamQhov xwm txheej no cuam tshuam. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias qhov no tsis yog qhov tshwm sim tsawg li koj xav.

Tus mob no tsis tshua muaj feem cuam tshuam rau cov tub hluas thiab cov txiv neej laus.

Cov tsos mob ntawm qhov no yog dab tsi?

Cov tsos mob ntawm hyperandrogenism sib txawv nyob ntawm koj poj niam txiv neej thiab seb koj puas tau dhau los ntawm kev laus.

Tiam sis ntawm no yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov. Txawm tias koj muaj cov tsos mob no los xij, koj cov ntshav androgen theem yuav zoo li qub. Qhov no yog vim tias txhua yam ntawm cov tsos mob no tuaj yeem muaj lwm yam ua rau. Tsis tas li ntawd, txawm tias cov kev kuaj ntshav qhia tias koj cov androgen theem siab, koj yuav tsis muaj cov tsos mob loj.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias yog tias cov tsos mob no tshwm sim sai sai thiab sai, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob sai li sai tau, vim tias nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, qhov ua rau yuav yog qog nqaij hlav androgen-secreting.

Tam sim no cia peb saib seb qhov no cuam tshuam li cas rau cov neeg sib txawv.

Rau cov ntxhais (ua ntej hnub nyoog laus)

• Lub clitoris loj dua .
• Pob txuv thiab tawv nqaij oily.
• Cov plaub hau ntawm lub cev uas tsis xav tau loj hlob (hirsutism) . Qhov no txhais tau hais tias "cov plaub hau xim av daj" raug hloov los ntawm cov plaub hau ntxhib, ntxhib ntawm thaj chaw xws li daim di ncauj sab saud, lub puab tsaig, lub hauv siab, lub plab, thiab nraub qaum.

Rau cov menyuam tub (ua ntej hnub nyoog laus)

• Qe qe loj dua .
• Cov plaub hau loj hlob ntxov lossis ntau dhau ntawm thaj chaw ntiag tug thiab qhov tsoob.
• Ua kom lub suab tob zuj zus.

Rau cov poj niam laus dua

• Pob txuv thiab tawv nqaij oily.
• Kev loj hlob tsis xav tau ntawm cov plaub hau hauv lub cev ( hirsutism) .
• Kev hloov pauv ntawm lub hli tsis sib xws.
• Muaj teeb meem muaj menyuam (tsis muaj menyuam) .
• Cov plaub hau poob ntawm cov txiv neej ( androglycosy alopecia) .

Rau cov txiv neej laus

Qhov no cuam tshuam li cas rau cov txiv neej laus nyob ntawm seb cov tshuaj hormones ntxiv los ntawm cov qog adrenal lossis los ntawm qee yam uas noj sab nraud (xws li kev txhaj tshuaj anabolic steroid ). Yog tias cov androgens los ntawm cov qog adrenal nce ntxiv, cov txiv neej laus yuav tsis pom muaj kev hloov pauv loj ntawm lub cev. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tuaj yeem txo qhov ua haujlwm ntawm cov noob qes thiab ua rau nws nyuaj rau muaj menyuam.

Vim li cas qhov no thiaj tshwm sim? Yog vim li cas?

Cov tshuaj hormones Androgen yog tsim los ntawm cov zes qe menyuam, cov qog adrenal, thiab cov hlwb rog hauv cov poj niam, thiab los ntawm cov noob qes thiab cov qog adrenal hauv cov txiv neej.

Muaj ntau lwm cov tshuaj hormones uas cuam tshuam rau kev tsim thiab tso tawm cov androgens no. Piv txwv li , luteinizing hormone (LH) thiab adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) . Ob qho tib si ntawm cov tshuaj hormones no raug tso tawm los ntawm lub qog pituitary.

Yog tias ib lossis ntau dua ntawm cov kabmob no, lossis ib qho ntawm cov tshuaj hormones no, tsis ua haujlwm zoo, hyperandrogenism tuaj yeem tshwm sim.

Muaj ntau yam tseem ceeb rau qhov no:

• Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) - Qhov no yog qhov ua rau mob feem ntau.
• Kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog adrenal txij thaum yug los (CAH) .
• Kab mob Cushing .
• Cov qog nqaij hlav uas tso tawm androgen.
• Qee cov tshuaj.

Tam sim no cia peb saib txhua qhov laj thawj no kom meej me ntsis.

Kab mob polycystic ovary (PCOS)

Ntawm cov poj niam hluas thiab laus dua, PCOS yog qhov ua rau muaj hyperandrogenism tas mus li tom qab hnub nyoog laus. Ntawm 80% thiab 90% ntawm cov poj niam uas muaj hyperandrogenism kuj muaj PCOS .

Hauv PCOS, cov zes qe menyuam tsim ntau cov androgens vim yog cov LH thiab insulin ntau dhau (hyperinsulinemia). Tsis tas li ntawd, cov insulin ntau ntxiv kuj tiv thaiv lub siab los ntawm kev tsim cov protein hu ua Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG) . Qhov no ua rau cov testosterone dawb hauv cov ntshav ntau ntxiv.

Kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog adrenal txij thaum yug los (CAH)

Kab mob adrenal hyperplasia txij thaum yug los (CAH) yog ib pawg ntawm cov mob caj ces uas cuam tshuam rau cov qog adrenal.

Hauv CAH, kev hloov pauv caj ces ua rau muaj qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov enzyme hu ua 21-hydroxylase , uas pab lub cev tsim cov tshuaj hormones. Hauv ntau tus neeg uas muaj CAH, qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov enzyme no ua rau cov qog adrenal tsim ntau lwm cov tshuaj hormones, xws li testosterone.

Qhov ua rau muaj hyperandrogenism ntau tshaj plaws rau cov poj niam uas muaj adrenal hyperplasia yog non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia . Qhov no yog ib qho mob uas cov enzyme 21-hydroxylase tsis txaus. Qhov mob no cuam tshuam rau kwv yees li 2% ntawm cov poj niam uas muaj hyperandrogenism.

Kab mob Cushing

Kab mob Cushing yog ib hom mob hu ua Cushing syndrome . Cushing syndrome yog ib yam mob tsis tshua muaj uas tshwm sim thaum lub cev muaj cortisol ntau dhau (tseem yog ib yam tshuaj hormones).

Kab mob Cushing yog tshwm sim los ntawm ib lub qog uas tsis yog mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub qog pituitary. Lub qog no tso tawm ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) ntau dhau, uas ua rau cov cortisol ntau ntxiv.

ACTH ntau dhau ua rau cov qog adrenal tso tawm cov androgens ntau dhau, uas yog qhov ua rau hyperandrogenism.

Cushing syndrome muaj lwm cov tsos mob:

• Cov cim ncab ntshav liab ntawm lub plab.
• Nce qhov hnyav sai sai ntawm lub ntsej muag, plab, thiab caj dab.
• Ntshav siab.

Yog koj muaj cov tsos mob zoo li no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob sai li sai tau.

Cov qog nqaij hlav uas tso tawm Androgen

Qee cov qog adrenal gland, lossis cov qog hauv zes qe menyuam lossis noob qes, tuaj yeem tsim thiab tso tawm androgens. Qhov no ua rau lub cev cov androgen ntau dua li qub. Qhov mob ntawm hyperandrogenism los ntawm cov qog no feem ntau hnyav heev thiab tuaj sai sai .

Kev mob hyperandrogenism, uas yog los ntawm cov qog ntawm zes qe menyuam lossis adrenal, tsis tshua muaj. Nws tsuas cuam tshuam rau kwv yees li 0.2% ntawm cov neeg xwb. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm hyperandrogenism, mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd.

Qee cov tshuaj

Qee cov tshuaj kuj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj hyperandrogenism. Cov tshuaj tseem ceeb uas ua rau qhov no yog:

• Cov tshuaj steroids anabolic-androgenic (cov no yog cov qauv tsim ntawm testosterone, siv tsis raug los ntawm qee tus neeg ncaws pob los txhim kho kev ua tau zoo).
• Cov tshuaj progestins tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj (cov no yog cov tshuaj uas ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv lub tsev menyuam thiab siv rau ntau yam).
• Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qaug dab peg ( cov tshuaj los tiv thaiv qaug dab peg ).

Koj nrhiav tau qhov no li cas? (Kev kuaj mob)

Yog tias koj yog ib tug poj niam thiab koj xav tias koj muaj hyperandrogenism, koj tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj lub cev thiab nrhiav cov tsos mob xws li cov plaub hau tsis xav tau. Lawv kuj yuav nug koj ob peb lo lus nug txog koj keeb kwm kev kho mob:

• Lub hnub nyoog uas lub mis pib loj hlob.
• Lub hnub nyoog uas cov plaub hau pib tshwm sim hauv thaj chaw ntiag tug.
• Muaj hnub nyoog thaum muaj hli thawj zaug.
• Koj puas tshem cov plaub hau (txiav plaub hau, koj puas tau muaj laser tshem cov plaub hau)?
• Koj puas tau siv cov tshuaj anabolic steroids lossis testosterone yam tsis muaj daim ntawv qhia los ntawm kws kho mob?
• Tej yam xws li koj lub hlis los ntau npaum li cas, nws kav ntev li cas, thiab koj los ntshav ntau npaum li cas.

Yog koj tus kws kho mob xav tias koj muaj hyperandrogenism, lawv yuav kom kuaj ntshav los xyuas qee cov tshuaj hormones. Cov kev kuaj no tuaj yeem pab kuaj mob.

Yuav ua li cas thiaj kuaj tau?

Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm hyperandrogenism, koj tus kws kho mob yuav xaj kom kuaj ntshav zoo li no:

• Tag nrho cov testosteroneQhov no ntsuas tag nrho cov testosterone hauv koj cov ntshav. Cov qib no yuav siab me ntsis rau cov poj niam uas muaj PCOS. Yog tias nws siab heev, nws yuav yog qog hauv lub zes qe menyuam lossis noob qes.
• Testosterone Dawb : Cov testosterone no tsis khi rau ib qho protein twg. Qhov no yog ib qho me me ntawm tag nrho cov testosterone. Cov theem no kuj tseem yuav nce ntxiv rau cov poj niam uas muaj PCOS.
• Androstenedione : Qhov no yog ib yam tshuaj steroid uas muaj cov nyhuv androgenic me ntsis rau lub cev. Txawm li cas los xij, nws feem ntau ua haujlwm ua ib kauj ruam nruab nrab hauv kev tsim cov testosterone thiab estrogen hauv lub cev. Yog tias nws cov theem siab, PCOS yuav muaj.
• Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) : DHEAS yog ib yam tshuaj hormones uas tsim los ntawm cov qog adrenal. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho cim qhia zoo ntawm kev tsim cov androgen hauv adrenal. Nws yog ib txwm muaj rau cov poj niam uas muaj PCOS kom muaj cov DHEAS siab me ntsis. Yog tias nws siab heev, nws yuav yog ib qho cim ntawm qog adrenal.
• 17-hydroxyprogesterone : Kev ntsuas qib ntawm 17-hydroxyprogesterone hauv cov ntshav yog ib qho kev kuaj mob yooj yim los xyuas seb puas muaj qhov tsis yog classic adrenal hyperplasia, ib qho mob uas yog ib qho ua rau hyperandrogenism.

Vim tias muaj lwm yam ua rau cov tsos mob ntawm hyperandrogenism, koj tus kws kho mob yuav xaj lwm cov kev kuaj ntshav kom tshem tawm cov laj thawj ntawd thiab.

Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, kev ntsuam xyuas duab xws li cov no yuav raug ua los txiav txim seb qhov ua rau hyperandrogenism yog dab tsi:

• Ib qho ultrasound hauv plab kom paub seb puas muaj cov cysts ntawm zes qe menyuam (lwm yam tsos mob ntawm PCOS) lossis lwm yam qog.
• Yuav kuaj xyuas seb puas muaj qog nqaij hlav hauv cov qog adrenal , yuav tsum tau kuaj CT scan (Computed tomography - CT) lossis MRI scan (Magnetic resonance imaging - MRI) .

Cov kws kho mob lub hom phiaj yog kom txo cov androgen tsim los ntawm cov zes qe menyuam lossis cov qog adrenal, txo cov androgen dawb, thiab thaiv cov haujlwm androgen.

Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg uas muaj hyperandrogenism feem ntau nrhiav kev pab kho mob los kho cov tsos mob tseem ceeb, xws li cov plaub hau tsis xav tau loj hlob, pob txuv, thiab kev coj khaub ncaws tsis tu ncua.

Cov kev kho mob rau qhov no yog dab tsi?

Kev kho mob rau hyperandrogenism nyob ntawm seb ua li cas. Piv txwv li:

• Kev mob adrenal hyperandrogenism tuaj yeem tswj tau nrog cov tshuaj corticosteroids tsawg.
• Yog tias muaj cov qog nqaij hlav hauv cov zes qe menyuam, noob qes, lossis cov qog adrenal, lawv yuav tsum tau phais tshem tawm. Rau cov poj niam perimenopausal lossis menopausal uas muaj hyperandrogenism hnyav, oophorectomy (phais tshem tawm ib lossis ob lub zes qe menyuam) kuj tseem yuav tsum tau ua.
• Yog tias hyperandrogenism yog los ntawm cov tshuaj uas koj noj, koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom tsum tsis txhob noj tshuaj lossis hloov mus rau lwm yam tshuaj.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv androgen kuj yog ib qho kev kho mob uas siv ntau rau kev mob hyperandrogenism. Lawv thaiv cov teebmeem ntawm androgens, xws li testosterone.

Muaj ntau hom tshuaj antiandrogen:

• Cov tshuaj noj tiv thaiv kev xeeb tub/tshuaj tswj kev yug me nyuam uas muaj ethinyl estradiol (estrogen) thiab antiandrogenic progesterone: Piv txwv li cov tshuaj uas muaj cyproterone acetate (piv txwv li Diane®-35), drospirenone (piv txwv li Yasmin®, Yaz®) lossis dienogest (piv txwv li Valette®). Cov no tuaj yeem kho pob txuv, cov plaub hau tsis xav tau thiab cov hli tsis xwm yeem.
• Spironolactone (Spironolactone - Aldactone®) : Cov tshuaj antiandrogen no kho cov pob txuv thiab cov plaub hau tsis xav tau uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov tshuaj hormones.
• Cyproterone : Cov tshuaj no pab kho PCOS, txo cov testosterone, thiab txo cov roj uas ua rau pob txuv.

Kev kho mob ntawm cov tsos mob

Cov neeg uas muaj hyperandrogenism yuav nrhiav kev kho mob tshwj xeeb rau lawv cov tsos mob:

• Pob txuv : Kev kho mob pob txuv suav nrog cov tshuaj pleev rau sab nraud, cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv qhov ncauj xws li tetracycline , cov tshuaj antiandrogens (suav nrog kev kho mob hormone, cov tshuaj tswj kev yug menyuam), thiab cov tshuaj isotretinoin .
• Hirsutism (plaub hau loj hlob tsis xav tau) : Ntau tus poj niam uas muaj hirsutism siv cov txheej txheem xws li siv waxing, shaving, thiab laser tshem plaub hau. Lawv kuj tseem yuav noj tshuaj tiv thaiv kev yug me nyuam.
• Lub sijhawm tsis sib xws : Cov poj niam tuaj yeem siv cov tshuaj hormones tswj kev yug menyuam los tswj lawv cov voj voog ntawm lub hli.

Thaum cov tsos mob no tsis teb rau cov kev kho mob ib txwm muaj vim yog qhov tsis sib npaug ntawm cov tshuaj hormones, koj tus kws kho mob yuav xav txog cov tshuaj antiandrogen muaj zog dua.

Qhov no puas tiv thaiv tsis tau?

Hmoov tsis zoo, tsis muaj txoj hauv kev meej meej los tiv thaiv hyperandrogenism.

Tsis muaj ib txoj kev uas tau ua pov thawj tias yuav tiv thaiv tau PCOS, uas yog qhov ua rau muaj hyperandrogenism ntau tshaj plaws. Tab sis koj tuaj yeem ua cov kauj ruam me me los txo koj cov tsos mob. Piv txwv li, noj zaub mov zoo,Kev tawm dag zog tsis tu ncua thiab tswj koj qhov hnyav tuaj yeem pab txo cov teebmeem ntawm PCOS thiab hyperandrogenism.

Yav tom ntej yuav zoo li cas? (Kev kwv yees)

Muaj ntau yam mob uas ua rau muaj hyperandrogenism yuav tsum tau kho mob mus tas li. Qee zaum, cov poj niam uas muaj hyperandrogenism vim PCOS yuav poob phaus ntau thiab lawv cov PCOS yuav ploj mus. Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau cov neeg yuav xav tau kev kho mob mus tas li kom txo cov tsos mob ntawm hyperandrogenism.

Cov tsos mob ntawm Hyperandrogenism tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau koj txoj kev ntseeg tus kheej thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub hlwb. Yog tias cov tsos mob no ua rau koj ntxhov siab, ntxhov siab, thiab/lossis nyuaj siab, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nrhiav kev pab los ntawm tus kws kho mob hlwb lossis tus kws pab tswv yim.

Kuv yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob thaum twg?

Yog tias koj raug kuaj pom tias muaj hyperandrogenism thiab noj tshuaj rau nws, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob tsis tu ncua kom paub tseeb tias koj txoj kev kho mob ua haujlwm zoo.

Yog tias hyperandrogenism cuam tshuam rau koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub hlwb, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob hlwb lossis kws pab tswv yim kom tau kev pab.

Thaum kawg, cov lus coj mus tsev:

Hyperandrogenism yog ib qho mob uas pom ntau ntawm cov poj niam. Nws cov tsos mob tuaj yeem ua rau koj txaj muag thiab tsis xis nyob. Tab sis nco ntsoov, koj tsis yog tib leeg xwb, thiab qhov mob no tuaj yeem kho tau. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog cov kev xaiv kho mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias nws cuam tshuam rau koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub hlwb, nco ntsoov mus ntsib kws kho mob hlwb lossis kws pab tswv yim. Kev saib xyuas koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.

Kev Mob Hyperandrogenism, Androgen, Testosterone, PCOS, Hirsutism, Pob txuv, Kev Tsis Sib Npaug ntawm Cov Tshuaj Hormones, Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv ntawm Cov Poj Niam, Kev Tsis Sib Npaug ntawm Cov Tshuaj Hormones