Tej zaum koj tau kuaj ntshav rau lwm yam kab mob. Los yog tej zaum nws yog kev kuaj mob txhua xyoo. Lub sijhawm ntawd, tus kws kho mob hais rau koj tias, "Koj muaj ib qho protein txawv txav hauv koj cov ntshav hu ua 'M protein', thiab peb hu qhov mob no ua MGUS." Thaum leej twg hnov ib yam dab tsi zoo li no, lawv yuav xav tsis thoob thiab ntshai me ntsis. Nws yog ib qho ib txwm muaj ntau cov lus nug los rau hauv siab, xws li 'Qhov no puas yog mob qog noj ntshav?', 'Yuav ua li cas rau kuv tam sim no?', 'Puas muaj kev kho rau qhov no?' Tab sis tsis txhob txhawj. Hnub no, peb yuav tham txog MGUS yog dab tsi, nws puas txaus ntshai tiag tiag, thiab peb yuav tsum ua li cas txog qhov mob no hauv txoj kev yooj yim heev uas koj tuaj yeem nkag siab.
MGUS yog dab tsi tiag?
Hais yooj yim xwb, MGUS (Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance) yog ib qho mob uas koj cov ntshav tsim cov protein txawv txav. Peb hu cov protein txawv txav no ua M protein . Qhov no tuaj yeem kuaj pom los ntawm kev kuaj ntshav lossis qee zaum kuaj zis.
Zoo, tam sim no cia peb mus tob me ntsis thiab saib seb qhov no tshwm sim li cas.
Xav txog tias peb muaj ib pab tub rog tiv thaiv hauv peb lub cev. Ib hom tub rog tshwj xeeb hauv pab tub rog no yog cov hlwb plasma . Cov no yog ib hom hlwb ntshav dawb. Lawv txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb yog ua cov riam phom protein tshwj xeeb hu ua cov tshuaj tua kab mob los tawm tsam cov kab mob ua rau muaj kab mob (cov kab mob me, cov kab mob sib kis, thiab lwm yam) uas nkag mus rau hauv peb lub cev. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob no yog cov uas tiv thaiv peb ntawm kab mob los ntawm kev ntes thiab rhuav tshem cov kab mob.
Tiamsis rau ib tug neeg uas muaj MGUS, qee cov hlwb ntshav no ua yuam kev me ntsis. Qhov ntawd yog, es tsis txhob tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob zoo li qub, cov hlwb no pib tsim cov protein zoo sib xws, tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, thiab tsis zoo li qub ntau heev. Qhov ntawd yog qhov peb hu ua M protein.
Qhov tseem ceeb yog tias MGUS tsis yog mob qog noj ntshav . Tab sis cov kws kho mob suav tias nws yog ib qho ua ntej mob qog noj ntshav. Yog li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem yog qhov pib ntawm mob qog noj ntshav. Tab sis tsis txhob ntshai cov lus no. Feem ntau cov neeg uas muaj MGUS yuav tsis muaj mob hnyav hauv lawv lub neej.
Puas muaj cov tsos mob ntawm MGUS?
Nov yog qhov zoo kawg nkaus. Muaj ntau tus neeg uas muaj MGUS tsis muaj tsos mob dab tsi li . Yog vim li cas feem ntau pom tus mob no thaum lub sijhawm kuaj ntshav vim lwm yam. Tej zaum koj yuav tsis hnov qhov txawv. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib txwm xav tias, "Kuv zoo," thaum koj pom tias koj muaj MGUS. Qhov ntawd yog vim cov protein M no feem ntau tsuas yog nyob hauv cov ntshav xwb, tsis ua rau lub cev puas tsuaj.
Vim li cas MGUS thiaj tshwm sim? Cov yam uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo yog dab tsi?
Qhov tseeb, cov kws kho mob tseem tsis tau paub meej tias vim li cas cov hlwb ntshav no mam li pib ua tej yam tsis zoo li no. Nws tseem yog ib qho paub tsis meej. Tab sis kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias qee tus neeg muaj feem yuav mob no ntau dua me ntsis.
Cov yam uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob MGUS
- Hnub nyoog: MGUS yuav tshwm sim ntau dua thaum koj laus zuj zus. Nws feem ntau tshwm sim tom qab hnub nyoog 50 xyoo. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 70 xyoo, yuav muaj li ntawm 5 ntawm 100 tus neeg uas muaj tus mob no.
- Txiv neej thiab poj niam: Cov txiv neej muaj feem yuav mob MGUS ntau dua li cov poj niam.
- Haiv neeg: Tus mob no feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm qee haiv neeg, tshwj xeeb yog cov neeg dub .
- Keeb kwm tsev neeg: Yog tias ib tug txheeb ze ze (niam, txiv, kwv tij neej tsa) muaj mob qog ntshav zoo li MGUS lossis multiple myeloma , koj muaj feem yuav mob qog ntshav ntau dua me ntsis.
- Tej yam ib puag ncig: Cov neeg uas muaj keeb kwm raug tshuaj tua kab lossis tshuaj tua kab yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo ntau dua.
- Lwm yam kab mob: Cov neeg uas muaj qee yam kab mob autoimmune kuj tseem yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo.
- Kev raug hluav taws xob: Kev raug hluav taws xob ntau dhau kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo.
Tej yam teeb meem uas yuav muaj tau ntawm MGUS yog dab tsi?
Qhov no yog qhov uas txhua tus neeg xav thiab ntshai tshaj plaws. Raws li tau hais ua ntej lawm, MGUS tsis yog mob qog noj ntshav. Txawm li cas los xij, rau cov neeg tsawg tsawg, qhov mob no tuaj yeem hloov mus ua mob hnyav dua raws sijhawm.
Kwv yees li ntawm 20 txog 25 tus neeg ntawm 100 tus neeg uas muaj MGUS yuav muaj tus kab mob ntshav loj heev. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias 75-80 tus ntawm 100 tus neeg yuav tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi.
Cov kab mob tseem ceeb uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum MGUS zuj zus yog:
- Mob qog ntshav ntau yam (Multiple Myeloma): Qhov no yog qhov teeb meem uas tshwm sim ntau tshaj plaws. Nws yog mob qog ntshav ntawm cov hlwb ntshav.
- Amyloidosis: Ib yam kab mob uas cov protein M tau tso rau hauv ntau yam kabmob ntawm lub cev thiab ua rau lawv puas tsuaj.
- Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia: Qhov no kuj yog ib hom mob qog ntshav tsawg tsawg.
- Mob leukemia lymphocytic ntev: Lwm hom mob qog ntshav.
Qhov tseem ceeb yog tias tsis yog txhua tus neeg uas muaj mob multiple myeloma yuav muaj MGUS ua ntej. Tab sis tsis yog txhua tus neeg uas muaj MGUS yuav muaj mob multiple myeloma.
Ntxiv rau qhov ntawd, MGUS tej zaum yuav ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm lwm yam teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv me ntsis:
- Cov ntshav txhaws
- Pob txha poob los yog tawg
- Kev kis kab mob ntau zaus
- Teeb meem raum
- Kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha (peripheral neuropathy): Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau loog thiab tingling hauv ob txhais ceg.
Tus kws kho mob kuaj mob MGUS li cas?
Koj tus kws kho mob yuav ua cov kev kuaj ntshav thiab zis kom paub seb puas muaj M protein. Thaum qhov ntawd tau lees paub lawm, lawv yuav soj ntsuam qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm qhov mob no hloov mus ua mob qog noj ntshav. Qhov no yuav saib peb yam tseem ceeb:
1. Tus nqi ntawm M protein hauv cov ntshav: Yog tias cov protein M ntau dua 1.5 g/dL (grams ib deciliter), qhov kev pheej hmoo siab dua me ntsis.
2. Hom protein M: Muaj ntau hom protein M sib txawv (hu ua Immunoglobulin (Ig) ). Qee hom yuav ua rau muaj mob hnyav dua li lwm hom.
3. Cov theem ntawm cov saw hlau tsis muaj teeb meem hauv cov ntshav (FLC): Qhov no yog lwm cov protein uas cov hlwb plasma tsim tawm. Kev kuaj ntshav tshwj xeeb ( kev kuaj ntshav tsis muaj teeb meem hauv cov ntshav (FLC) ) tuaj yeem nrhiav tau cov theem tsis zoo ntawm cov no.
Ib tug neeg uas muaj tag nrho peb yam no muaj feem yuav mob qog noj ntshav ntau. Tiam sis ib tug neeg uas tsis muaj ib yam ntawm cov no muaj feem yuav mob qog noj ntshav tsawg heev. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav piav qhia rau koj seb koj nyob rau hauv pawg neeg twg raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov kev kuaj no.
Puas muaj kev kho mob rau MGUS?
Nov yog xov xwm zoo: Feem ntau cov neeg uas muaj MGUS tsis tas yuav kho mob dab tsi li.
Yog li koj ua dab tsi? Tus kws kho mob ua qhov hu ua "kev tos saib xyuas" lossis "kev saib xyuas nquag." Hais yooj yim, "kev tos saib xyuas."
Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias, yam tsis tau muab tshuaj rau koj, koj cov protein M hauv cov ntshav thiab lwm yam yuav raug kuaj xyuas tas li raws sijhawm teem tseg.
- Feem ntau, kev kuaj ntshav raug xaj txhua 3 txog 6 lub hlis rau thawj xyoo.
- Tom qab ntawd, yog tias txhua yam ruaj khov, koj tuaj yeem thov kom kuaj xyuas txhua 6 lub hlis lossis ib xyoos ib zaug .
Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev kuaj mob tsis tu ncua zoo li no yog txhawm rau nrhiav pom cov cim qhia ntxov ntawm MGUS hloov mus ua mob hnyav. Yog tias pom muaj kev hloov pauv, kev kho mob tuaj yeem pib thaum ntxov. Qhov ntawd yog qhov zoo heev.
Yog koj muaj lwm yam teeb meem ntxiv rau MGUS, xws li pob txha tsis muaj zog, koj tus kws kho mob yuav sau ntawv kho mob cais rau qhov ntawd.
Kuv yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob thaum twg?
Yog koj muaj MGUS, koj tus kws kho mob yuav muab hnub tshwj xeeb rau koj mus kuaj mob. Nco ntsoov mus rau cov hnub ntawd. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob txawv txawv, mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd, es tsis txhob tos koj lub sijhawm teem tseg tom ntej. Cov tsos mob no yuav yog ib qho cim qhia tias koj tus mob hnyav zuj zus tuaj.
Ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov tsos mob teev hauv qab no.
| Cov tsos mob uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas | Kev piav qhia thiab qhov ua rau muaj |
|---|---|
| Kev qaug zog ntau dhau tsis muaj laj thawj | Ib qho kev qaug zog uas txawv ntawm kev qaug zog ib txwm muaj thiab tsis ploj mus txawm tias koj tau pw tsaug zog npaum li cas los xij. Tej zaum nws yog vim muaj ntshav tsis txaus (anemia). |
| Mob pob txha | Mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog mob hauv siab, nraub qaum, lossis tav. Qhov no yog ib qho tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm ntau yam mob myeloma. |
| Kev poob phaus tsis paub meej | Yog tias koj poob phaus sai sai yam tsis tau sim. |
| Kev kis kab mob ntau zaus | Yog tias koj mob khaub thuas thiab mob ntsws ntau zaus vim yog lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog. |
| Cov pob khaus los yog cov tawv nqaij yooj yim | Los ntshav txawm tias yog raug mob me me los yog cov xim xiav (bruises) hauv qab daim tawv nqaij. |
| Tingling los yog loog hauv cov ceg | Kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha (peripheral neuropathy) tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov tsos mob zoo li no hauv tes thiab taw. |
| Mob taub hau, kiv taub hau, pom kev hloov pauv | Cov tsos mob zoo li no tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim yog cov ntshav tuab uas tshwm sim los ntawm M protein. |
Qhov kev kuaj mob MGUS no yuav ua rau koj ntxhov siab me ntsis. Cov lus "undetermined significance" hauv nws qhia rau koj tias tseem muaj ntau yam uas peb tsis paub txog nws. Kev tshawb fawb tseem tab tom ua mus kom paub tias vim li cas nws thiaj li loj rau qee tus neeg thiab tsis yog rau lwm tus.
Tiam sis qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog, nrog rau kev nce qib hauv kev kho mob niaj hnub no, koj tuaj yeem soj ntsuam koj qhov kev pheej hmoo ua ntej. Thiab vim tias koj raug saib xyuas tas li, txhua qhov kev hloov pauv tuaj yeem ntes tau thaum ntxov. Yog li qhov zoo tshaj plaws uas koj tuaj yeem ua tau yog txo koj qhov kev ntshai thiab ua raws li tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia kom meej.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- MGUS tsis yog mob qog noj ntshav, tab sis yog ib qho mob ua ntej mob qog noj ntshav uas muaj peev xwm hloov mus ua mob qog noj ntshav.
- Feem ntau cov neeg uas muaj MGUS tsis muaj tsos mob thiab tsis muaj teeb meem loj thoob plaws lawv lub neej.
- Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kom koj kuaj ntshav thiab zis raws sijhawm teem tseg, raws li koj tus kws kho mob hais. Qhov no hu ua 'kev tos saib xyuas'.
- Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob tshiab, tsis zoo li qub (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog mob pob txha, qaug zog heev, poob phaus), mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd, tsis tas tos lub sijhawm teem tseg tom ntej.
- Tsis txhob ntshai qhov teeb meem no yam tsis tsim nyog. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas kho mob kom zoo. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog txhua lo lus nug lossis kev ntshai uas koj muaj.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus