Cia peb kawm txog Kab Mob Cancer Parathyroid. Tsis txhob ntshai, cia peb tham!

Peb txhua tus muaj tej yam kev hloov me me thiab kev tsis xis nyob hauv peb lub cev qee zaum, puas yog? Tej zaum nws yog ib lub pob me me hauv caj dab, lossis nws yuav zoo li nkees yam tsis muaj laj thawj, lossis nqhis dej tas li. Txawm hais tias feem ntau ntawm cov no tsis yog ib yam dab tsi uas yuav tsum txhawj txog, qee zaum, lawv tuaj yeem yog cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm tus mob. Hnub no peb yuav tham txog ib hom mob qog noj ntshav uas tsis tshua muaj, tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau peb txhua tus kom paub txog. Ntawd yog mob qog noj ntshav uas tshwm sim hauv cov qog parathyroid, hauv kev kho mob hu ua mob qog noj ntshav parathyroid , lossis '(Parathyroid Carcinoma)'.

Kab Mob Cancer Parathyroid Yog Dab Tsi?

Hais yooj yim xwb, mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid yog ib hom mob qog nqaij hlav uas tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim hauv cov nqaij ntawm koj cov qog parathyroid. Koj cov qog parathyroid feem ntau nyob tom qab lub qog thyroid zoo li npauj npaim nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm koj lub caj dab.

Kab mob qog nqaij hlav Parathyroid tsis raug faib ua plaub theem ("plaub theem kev muab npe") zoo li lwm hom kab mob qog nqaij hlav. Hloov chaw, cov kws kho mob faib cov kab mob qog nqaij hlav ua peb hom tseem ceeb:

• Nyob Ib Leeg: Qhov no txhais tau hais tias tus mob qog nqaij hlav tsuas yog nyob hauv koj lub qog parathyroid xwb. Qee zaum nws yuav kis mus rau cov nqaij ib puag ncig me ntsis. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias tus mob qog nqaij hlav tseem nyob rau ib cheeb tsam xwb.
• Kis mus rau lwm qhov chaw: Qhov no yog thaum tus mob qog noj ntshav tau kis mus rau lwm qhov chaw ntawm koj lub cev, xws li cov qog ntshav hauv lub cev, daim siab, lub ntsws, pob txha, lossis lub txiav. Nruab nrab ntawm 10% thiab 30% ntawm cov neeg uas muaj mob qog noj ntshav parathyroid muaj tus mob qog noj ntshav kis mus rau lwm qhov chaw (kis mus rau lwm qhov chaw) thaum lub sijhawm kuaj mob. Qhov chaw feem ntau yog lub ntsws, pob txha, lossis daim siab.
• Rov qab mob dua: Qhov no yog thaum tus mob qog rov qab los tom qab kev kho mob thawj zaug - feem ntau yog tom qab lub qog qog tau raug phais tshem tawm. Ntau tshaj ib nrab ntawm cov neeg uas muaj mob qog parathyroid yuav muaj hom mob qog no. Tus mob qog feem ntau rov qab los hauv ob txog tsib xyoos ntawm kev phais thawj zaug. Txawm li cas los xij, nws qee zaum tuaj yeem rov qab los lig li 20 xyoo.

Cov qog parathyroid no yog dab tsi?

Feem ntau ntawm peb muaj plaub lub qog parathyroid uas loj li taum pauv. Raws li tau hais ua ntej lawm, cov no nyob tom qab lub qog thyroid. Ib yam li lub qog thyroid, cov qog parathyroid yog ib feem ntawm koj lub cev endocrine. Qee zaum, cov qog parathyroid no tuaj yeem nyob ntawm koj txoj hlab pas lossis txawm tias hauv koj lub hauv siab. Qhov no hu ua ectopic.Cov qog parathyroid hu ua cov qog parathyroid, uas txhais tau tias lawv tsis nyob hauv qhov chaw uas lawv yuav tsum nyob.

Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm koj cov qog parathyroid yog tswj cov calcium hauv koj cov ntshav los ntawm kev tsim cov tshuaj parathyroid hormone (PTH) . Qee zaum, ib lossis ntau dua ntawm koj cov qog parathyroid pib tsim cov tshuaj parathyroid hormone (PTH) no ntau dhau. Qhov mob no hu ua Primary Hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) . Thaum PTH tsim ntau dhau, cov calcium hauv koj cov ntshav yuav nce ntxiv. Qhov mob no hu ua hypercalcemia .

Qhov txawv ntawm mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid thiab mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid adenoma yog dab tsi?

Ib qho parathyroid adenoma yog ib qho kev loj hlob zoo, tsis yog mob qog noj ntshav hauv cov qog parathyroid. Txawm li cas los xij, mob qog noj ntshav parathyroid yog kev loj hlob ntawm cov hlwb phem, tsis yog mob qog noj ntshav hauv koj cov ntaub so ntswg parathyroid. Ntawm cov kab mob cuam tshuam nrog cov qog parathyroid, parathyroid adenoma yog qhov tshwm sim ntau dua li mob qog noj ntshav parathyroid.

Tiam sis ntawm no yog qhov tseem ceeb: Hauv ob qho mob no, mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid thiab mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid adenoma, koj lub qog parathyroid tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntau dhau thiab tsim cov tshuaj hormones parathyroid (PTH) ntau dhau. Tom qab ntawd, raws li tau hais ua ntej, hypercalcemia tshwm sim. Qhov hypercalcemia no tuaj yeem ua rau koj lub cev thiab kev noj qab haus huv puas tsuaj. Yog li ntawd, kev kho mob feem ntau rau mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid, nrog rau cov qog nqaij hlav parathyroid adenomas, yog phais tshem tawm cov qog parathyroid uas ua haujlwm ntau dhau.

Txawm tias rau cov kws kho mob, nws yuav nyuaj rau qhia tam sim ntawd seb nws yog parathyroid adenoma lossis parathyroid carcinoma. Vim tias cov cell ntawm ob qho tib si tuaj yeem zoo sib xws, tom qab phais tshem tawm cov parathyroid gland uas ua haujlwm ntau dhau, yuav tsum tau kuaj ntxiv kom paub tseeb tias nws yog adenoma lossis carcinoma.

Hypercalcemia yog dab tsi? Nws muaj feem cuam tshuam li cas rau mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid?

Hypercalcemia yog thaum koj cov calcium hauv cov ntshav siab dua li qub. Cov neeg uas muaj mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid feem ntau muaj hypercalcemia. Qhov no yog vim tias mob qog nqaij hlav ua rau koj lub qog parathyroid ua haujlwm ntau dhau thiab tsim cov tshuaj parathyroid hormone (PTH) ntau dhau. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) tswj cov calcium hauv koj cov ntshav. Yog li, yog tias koj muaj cov tshuaj parathyroid hormone (PTH) ntau dhau, koj cov calcium hauv cov ntshav yuav nce ntxiv.

Kev muaj calcium ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv thiab lub cev puas tsuaj. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum kho qhov kev muaj calcium ntau dhau uas tshwm sim los ntawm mob qog noj ntshav parathyroid thiab mob qog noj ntshav nws tus kheej.

Puas muaj ntau hom mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid sib txawv?

Yog, muaj ob hom mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid tseem ceeb.

1. Hom uas feem ntau pom: Hauv qhov no, cov qog nqaij hlav ua rau koj lub qog parathyroid tsim cov tshuaj hormone parathyroid (PTH) ntau dhau thiab tso nws mus rau hauv cov ntshav. Qhov no ua rau cov calcium hauv koj cov ntshav nce siab.

2. Mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid uas tsis ua haujlwm: Qhov no kuj hu ua "mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid uas tsis tso tawm." Qhov no txawv ntawm lwm hom. Vim tias, cov neeg uas muaj hom mob qog nqaij hlav no tsis muaj cov tshuaj parathyroid hormone (PTH) lossis calcium ntau hauv lawv cov ntshav. Hom no tsis tshua muaj, tshwm sim hauv tsawg dua 10% ntawm cov neeg mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid.

Thaum kuaj pom tias muaj mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid lawm, yuav muaj kev kuaj ntxiv kom paub seb nws puas yog mob qog nqaij hlav hauv ib qho chaw , mob qog nqaij hlav kis mus rau lwm qhov, lossis mob rov qab kis dua . Raws li tau hais ua ntej lawm, kev faib plaub theem uas siv rau lwm yam mob qog nqaij hlav tsis siv rau qhov no.

Leej twg muaj feem yuav mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid ntau dua?

Tus mob qog noj ntshav no cuam tshuam rau cov poj niam thiab cov txiv neej ib yam nkaus. Feem ntau pom muaj rau cov neeg hnub nyoog tshaj 30 xyoo .

Kab mob no feem ntau tshwm sim li cas?

Kab mob qog nqaij hlav Parathyroid yog ib yam kab mob tsis tshua muaj. Xav txog seb, nws tsuas yog suav txog 0.005% ntawm tag nrho cov kab mob qog nqaij hlav. Tsis tas li ntawd, kab mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid suav txog ntawm 0.5% thiab 1% ntawm tag nrho cov kab mob ntsig txog parathyroid gland. Yog li, qhov no tsis tshua muaj.

Dab tsi yog cov ua rau muaj mob qog noj ntshav Parathyroid?

Qhov tseeb, tseem tsis tau pom muaj qhov ua rau mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid.

Txawm li cas los xij, cov mob caj ces tsis tshua muaj hauv qab no (piv txwv li, tau txais los ntawm tsev neeg) yog suav tias yog cov yam ua rau muaj mob qog noj ntshav no:

• Ntau yam endocrine neoplasia hom I (MEN1)
• Kev mob hyperparathyroidism hauv tsev neeg (FIHP)
• Hyperparathyroidism-qhov ncauj qog syndrome

Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, yog tias koj tau txais kev kho mob hluav taws xob rau koj lub taub hau lossis caj dab yav dhau los, nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau koj muaj feem yuav mob qog noj ntshav parathyroid ntau ntxiv.

Cov tsos mob ntawm mob qog noj ntshav Parathyroid yog dab tsi?

Feem ntau, cov tsos mob ntawm mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid yog cov tsos mob ntawm hypercalcemia uas tshwm sim. Cov tsos mob thiab cov cim qhia ntawm hypercalcemia yuav suav nrog:

• Yuav tsum tau tso zis ntau zaus dua li niaj zaus (tso zis ntau zaus)
• Xav tias nqhis dej ntau dua li niaj zaus
• Xeev siab thiab ntuav
• Ib yam li niaj zausTsis xav tshaib plab
• Kab mob cem quav
• Xav tias nkees heev
• Zoo li koj nyuaj siab
• Kev tsis nco qab lossis kev poob nco
• Mob nqaij, qaug zog, thiab/lossis mob ceg

Lwm cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid:

• Muaj ib lub pob hauv caj dab
• Kev hloov pauv ntawm lub suab lossis lub suab nrov
• Nyuaj nqos zaub mov

Yog tias koj muaj ib lossis ntau yam ntawm cov tsos mob no, tsis txhob ntshai xav tias nws yog mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid. Cov tsos mob no kuj tuaj yeem pom hauv ntau lwm yam mob. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias qee yam zoo li no tseem muaj, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws mus ntsib kws kho mob kom tau txais kev qhia.

Yuav kuaj mob qog nqaij hlav Parathyroid li cas?

Kev kuaj mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid qee zaum yuav nyuaj me ntsis. Ib qho laj thawj yog vim tias cov qe ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav parathyroid adenoma uas tsis yog qog nqaij hlav thiab cov qog nqaij hlav parathyroid zoo ib yam.

Feem ntau yuav kuaj pom tias muaj mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid tom qab phais tshem koj lub qog parathyroid uas tsis zoo thiab ua haujlwm ntau dhau ("parathyroidectomy"), thiab kuaj xyuas cov nqaij ntxiv. Qee zaum, tus kws phais tuaj yeem kuaj pom mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid thaum phais.

Yuav kuaj mob dab tsi?

Raws li tau hais ua ntej lawm, feem ntau yuav kuaj pom tias muaj mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid tom qab koj tau kuaj pom tias muaj mob qog nqaij hlav hyperparathyroidism thawj zaug , thiab cov qog parathyroid uas tsis zoo thiab ua haujlwm ntau dhau yuav raug phais tshem tawm. Qee zaum, tus kws phais mob tuaj yeem kuaj pom mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid thaum lub sijhawm phais.

Ua ntej koj phais tshem koj lub qog parathyroid hyperactive, koj yuav muaj kev kuaj mob zoo li no:

• Kev kuaj ntshav calcium
• Kev kuaj ntshav PTH
• Kev ntsuas Parathyroid - Qhov no feem ntau yog kev ntsuas radioactive sestamibi thiab/lossis CT scan.

Yog tias koj raug kuaj pom tias muaj mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid, koj tus kws kho mob yuav hais kom kuaj duab xws li cov no kom pom tias mob qog nqaij hlav puas tau kis mus rau lwm qhov ntawm koj lub cev:

• CT scan (computerized tomography scan): Ib qho CT scan siv X-rays thiab lub computer los tsim ntau daim duab peb-seem (3D) ntawm koj lub cev.
• Kev kuaj MRI (MRI - magnetic resonance imaging):Kev thaij duab MRI siv lub hlau nplaum loj, cov nthwv dej xov tooj cua, thiab lub khoos phis tawj los ua cov duab ntxaws ntxaws ntawm koj lub cev. Nws tsis siv X-rays (kev hluav taws xob).

Cov kev kho mob rau mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid yog dab tsi?

Txoj kev kho mob tseem ceeb rau mob qog noj ntshav parathyroid yog phais tshem tawm cov qog noj ntshav parathyroid ('en bloc resection'). Yog tias mob qog noj ntshav parathyroid tau kis mus rau lwm qhov (metastasized), koj tus kws phais kuj yuav tsum tshem cov nqaij mos nyob ib puag ncig koj lub qog parathyroid lossis cov nqaij mos ntawm lwm qhov ntawm koj lub cev.

Cov txheej txheem phais mob hauv qab no siv tau rau mob qog noj ntshav parathyroid:

• Kev phais tshem tawm cov qog parathyroid: Hauv txoj kev phais no, tus kws phais yuav tshem tag nrho koj cov qog parathyroid thiab lub capsule nyob ib puag ncig nws. Qee zaum, lawv kuj tseem yuav tshem tawm ib nrab ntawm cov qog thyroid rau tib sab ntawm cov qog parathyroid uas muaj mob qog noj ntshav, nrog rau cov nqaij nyob ib puag ncig, cov leeg, thiab cov hlab ntsha.
• Kev tshem tawm cov qog nqaij hlav: Hauv txoj kev phais mob no, tus kws phais yuav tshem tawm ntau qhov qog nqaij hlav li sai tau. Qee cov qog nqaij hlav yuav tsis raug tshem tawm tag.
• Kev phais mob qog nqaij hlav (Metastasectomy): Hauv qhov no, tus kws phais yuav tshem tawm txhua yam qog nqaij hlav uas tau kis mus rau lwm cov nqaij thiab/lossis cov kabmob hauv koj lub cev, piv txwv li, lub ntsws.

Kuv puas yuav tau chemotherapy los yog radiation therapy?

Kev kho mob chemotherapy thiab kev kho mob hluav taws xob feem ntau tsis yog siv los kho mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav txiav txim siab seb kev kho mob chemotherapy thiab/lossis kev kho mob hluav taws xob puas yog qhov kev xaiv zoo rau koj.

Puas muaj kev kho mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid?

Tam sim no, tsis muaj tshuaj tshwj xeeb rau mob qog noj ntshav parathyroid. Muaj ntau tus neeg uas muaj mob qog noj ntshav parathyroid muaj cov tsos mob ntawm hypercalcemia. Vim tias hypercalcemia tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij, koj tus kws kho mob yuav sau ib lossis ntau yam tshuaj hypercalcemia hauv qab no:

• Cinacalcet (Cinacalcet - Sensipar®)
• Cov tshuaj Bisphosphonates
• Denosumab (Denosumab - XGEVA®)

Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob hnyav ntawm hypercalcemia, koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom koj mus pw hauv tsev kho mob tam sim ntawd thiab pib txhaj cov kua dej rau hauv cov hlab ntsha (IV) thiab lwm yam kev kho mob.

Kuv tus mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid puas rov qab los tau?

Yog, ntau tshaj ib nrab ntawm cov neeg uas kuaj pom tias muaj mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid tuaj yeem rov qab muaj mob qog nqaij hlav dua.Feem ntau mob qog noj ntshav rov qab los li ntawm ob peb xyoos - feem ntau yog ntawm ob thiab tsib xyoos. Tab sis qee zaum, nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntau xyoo (20 xyoo lossis ntau dua) tom qab koj thawj zaug kuaj pom thiab kho mob.

Tus mob qog noj ntshav no puas kis tau (metastasize) mus rau lwm qhov ntawm lub cev?

Yog, mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid tuaj yeem kis mus rau lwm qhov ntawm koj lub cev. Nruab nrab ntawm 10% thiab 30% ntawm cov neeg uas muaj mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid muaj mob qog nqaij hlav twb kis mus rau lwm qhov lawm (metastatic) thaum lub sijhawm kuaj pom. Hauv cov xwm txheej no, mob qog nqaij hlav feem ntau kis mus rau koj lub ntsws, pob txha, lossis siab. Txawm li cas los xij, nws kuj tuaj yeem kis mus rau koj cov qog ntshav lossis lub qog pancreas.

Yuav ua li cas thiaj paub tias mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid yuav zoo li cas?

Qhov kev kwv yees rau mob qog noj ntshav parathyroid nyob ntawm seb qhov kev phais tshem tawm cov qog parathyroid tiav npaum li cas thaum koj thawj zaug kuaj pom, vim tias cov kev kho mob thib ob xws li kev kho mob hluav taws xob thiab kev kho mob chemotherapy muaj tsawg.

Rau cov neeg uas muaj mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid uas tau phais tshem tawm thiab muaj cov npoo tsis zoo, tus nqi ciaj sia yog siab txog 90% tsib xyoos tom qab phais thawj zaug. Tus nqi ciaj sia kuj tseem siab txog 67% kaum xyoo tom qab phais thawj zaug.

Ntau tshaj ib nrab ntawm cov neeg uas tau kuaj pom tias muaj mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid thiab tau phais tshem cov qog no yuav muaj mob qog nqaij hlav rov qab los dua. Hauv cov xwm txheej no, mob qog nqaij hlav feem ntau rov qab los li ntawm ob txog tsib xyoos tom qab phais thawj zaug. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tuaj yeem rov qab los ntau xyoo tom qab.

Puas tiv thaiv tau mob qog noj ntshav Parathyroid?

Tu siab kawg li, tsis muaj ib txoj kev twg uas paub tias yuav tiv thaiv tau tus mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, tsis muaj ib txoj kev twg uas yuav txo tau qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob no. Yog tias muaj ib tug neeg hauv koj tsev neeg tau muaj mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid, nws yog ib lub tswv yim zoo kom nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham.

Kuv yuav tsum nug kuv tus kws kho mob li cas?

Yog tias koj muaj mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid, tej zaum koj yuav xav nug koj tus kws kho mob cov lus nug zoo li no:

• Puas yog tus mob qog noj ntshav kis mus dhau kuv lub qog parathyroid?
• Kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws rau mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid yog dab tsi?
• Cov kev pheej hmoo thiab cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm kev kho mob yog dab tsi?
• Puas yog kuv tsev neeg muaj feem yuav mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid?
• Kuv puas tuaj yeem rov qab tau mob qog nqaij hlav parathyroid dua?
• Kuv puas muaj feem yuav mob qog noj ntshav lwm yam?
• Kuv yuav tsum tau kev saib xyuas tom qab dab tsi tom qab kho tas?
• Kuv puas yuav tsum paub txog cov tsos mob ntawm cov teeb meem?

Thaum kawg, tej yam uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov

Kev kuaj pom tias muaj mob qog noj ntshav tuaj yeem yog ib qho txaus ntshai heev. Tab sis nco ntsoov,Koj pab neeg kho mob nyob ntawm no los pab koj thiab qhia koj txoj kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws. Txawm hais tias kev phais tam sim no yog tib txoj kev kho mob rau mob qog noj ntshav parathyroid, kev tshawb fawb thiab kev kho mob qog noj ntshav yeej zoo dua tas li. Tej zaum yuav muaj kev sim tshuaj uas koj tuaj yeem koom nrog. Yog li, tsis txhob ntshai nug koj tus kws kho mob txog koj tus mob qog noj ntshav parathyroid. Xyuas kom tseeb tias txhua yam tau piav qhia rau hauv txoj kev uas koj nkag siab.

Mob Cancer Parathyroid, Parathyroid Glands, Hypercalcemia, Parathyroid Hormone, PTH, Cov tsos mob ntawm mob cancer, Kev kho mob cancer, Kev phais mob