Puas yog koj tus menyuam lub ntsws tsis loj hlob zoo? (Pulmonary Hypoplasia) Cia peb kawm txog nws!

Qhov kev xyiv fab uas koj hnov ​​thaum koj saib tus menyuam mos yog qhov tsis muaj peev xwm piav tau, puas yog? Tab sis qee zaum, nrog rau qhov kev xyiv fab ntawd, qee zaum muaj kev ntshai me ntsis los rau hauv koj lub siab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj pom tias tus menyuam ua pa nyuaj. Thaum lub sijhawm zoo li no, ib lo lus nug uas tshwm sim hauv lub siab ntawm cov niam txiv yog, "Puas muaj teeb meem dab tsi nrog kuv tus menyuam?". Hnub no peb yuav tham txog qhov mob hnyav, tab sis tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum paub txog. Ntawd yog, tus menyuam lub ntsws tsis loj hlob zoo, ib qho mob uas peb hu ua '(Pulmonary Hypoplasia)'.

Kab mob ntsws hu ua "Pulmonary Hypoplasia" yog dab tsi? Cia peb nkag siab yooj yim.

Hais yooj yim xwb, Pulmonary Hypoplasia yog thaum koj tus menyuam lub ntsws tsis loj hlob raws li qhov xav tau thaum lawv nyob hauv plab. Qhov no yog ib qho mob uas yug los , txhais tau tias lawv muaj thaum yug los. Feem ntau, nws yog los ntawm lwm yam mob hauv qab. Uas yog, lub ntsws tsis muaj chaw txaus kom loj hlob hauv plab. Qee zaum, cov kws kho mob kuaj pom qhov mob no ua ntej tus menyuam yug los, thaum cev xeeb tub, los ntawm kev ntsuas ultrasound. Lwm lub sijhawm, nws raug kuaj pom tam sim ntawd tom qab tus menyuam yug los lossis ob peb hnub tom qab.

Tam sim no saib, hauv peb lub ntsws muaj cov hnab cua me me hu ua alveoli. Cov no yog cov uas ntxiv cov pa oxygen uas peb nqus mus rau hauv cov ntshav. Cov ntshav ces nqa cov pa oxygen no mus rau cov nqaij thoob plaws lub cev. Yog li, yog tias lub ntsws tsis loj hlob zoo, cov hnab cua no kuj tsawg dua. Yuav ua li cas tom qab ntawd? Lwm cov kab ke thiab cov nqaij ntawm lub cev tsis tau txais oxygen txaus. Qhov no ua rau lub plawv ua haujlwm hnyav dua, thiab cov ntshav siab hauv lub ntsws tuaj yeem nce ntxiv (pulmonary hypertension). Xav txog nws, ib yam li ib tsob nroj me me tsis tuaj yeem loj hlob zoo yog tias nws tsis muaj dej, qhov chaw, thiab kev noj haus.

Tus me nyuam muaj cov tsos mob li cas?

Yog tias tus menyuam mos muaj Pulmonary Hypoplasia, lawv yuav pom cov tsos mob zoo li no:

• Muaj xim xiav rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, daim di ncauj, lossis rau tes ('(cyanosis)') . Qhov no tshwm sim thaum cov nqaij ntawm lub cev tsis tau txais oxygen txaus. Tshwj xeeb, qhov xim xiav no tshwm sim thaum muaj oxygen tsawg dua hauv cov ntshav.
• Qhov ntswg qhib . Qhov no txhais tau tias tus me nyuam tab tom sim ua pa hnyav dua vim nws nyuaj. Ib yam li thaum peb khiav thiab ntog, peb tshuab peb lub qhov ntswg tawm thiab ua pa.
• Ua pa nyuaj. Tus me nyuam yuav ua pa nrov nrov lossis ua pa tsis taus pa thaum ua pa.
• Ua pa ceev heev (tachypnea) . Yog tias tus menyuam ua pa sai dua li qub, qhov ntawd kuj yog ib qho cim qhia.

Yog tias koj tus menyuam muaj ib lossis ntau yam ntawm cov tsos mob no, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd. Cov no kuj tuaj yeem yog cov tsos mob ntawm lwm yam kab mob ua pa, yog li nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tau txais kev kuaj mob sai sai.

Vim li cas qhov no thiaj tshwm sim? Cov ua rau muaj '(Pulmonary Hypoplasia)' yog dab tsi?

Feem ntau cov mob ntsws (Pulmonary Hypoplasia) yog los ntawm lwm yam mob uas ua rau cov ntsws tsis loj hlob zoo hauv tus menyuam hauv plab. Cov mob no ua rau cov ntsws tsis muaj chaw loj hlob. Cov mob hauv qab no yog cov mob uas feem ntau tshwm sim:

• Cov kua dej amniotic tsawg (oligohydramnios) : Thaum cov kua dej amniotic tsawg dua nyob ib puag ncig tus menyuam, nws tuaj yeem tso siab rau lub ntsws thiab ua rau lawv loj hlob tsis zoo. Cov kua dej no ua haujlwm ua lub hauv ncoo rau tus menyuam thiab pab lub ntsws loj hlob.
• Kab Mob Hnyuv Qog (CDH) : Lub diaphragm yog ib cov leeg nqaij uas cais lub hauv siab thiab lub plab. Yog tias muaj ib lub qhov hauv nws thiab qee cov kabmob hauv plab (xws li cov hnyuv thiab lub siab) tawm mus rau hauv lub hauv siab, yuav muaj chaw tsawg dua rau lub ntsws. Ces lub ntsws yuav tsis tuaj yeem nthuav thiab loj hlob zoo.
• Omphalocele : Hauv qhov mob no, qee cov kabmob ntawm tus menyuam tawm los ntawm txoj hlab ntaws, uas npog los ntawm daim nyias nyias. Qhov no kuj tseem tuaj yeem hloov pauv qhov siab hauv lub tsev menyuam ntawm tus menyuam thiab cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm lub ntsws.
• Kev Tawg Ntawm Cov Membranes Ntev Ua Ntej (PROM) : Thaum lub hnab amniotic tawg ua ntej tus menyuam yug los, hu ua PROM, cov kua dej tuaj yeem txo qis thiab cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm lub ntsws.
• Kab mob ntsws cystic : Cov no yog cov qog tsis yog mob qog noj ntshav uas siv qhov chaw hauv lub ntsws thiab cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntsws ib txwm muaj.
• Lub plawv loj vim muaj teeb meem plawv : Piv txwv li, thaum lub plawv loj vim muaj cov kab mob plawv txij thaum yug los xws li "tricuspid atresia" lossis "Ebstein's anomaly", nws tuaj yeem muab kev nyuaj rau lub ntsws.
• Lub diaphragm tsis zoo li qub lossis tsis ua haujlwm : Lub diaphragm yog ib qho leeg nqaij uas tseem ceeb rau lub ntsws kom ua haujlwm tau zoo. Yog tias muaj teeb meem nrog nws txoj haujlwm, nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm lub ntsws.

Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum cov kws kho mob tsis tuaj yeem nrhiav tau qhov ua rau muaj "Pulmonary Hypoplasia." Peb hu nws ua primary pulmonary hypoplasia . Qhov no tshwm sim li ntawm 10% txog 15% ntawm cov neeg mob.

Leej twg muaj feem yuav mob no tshaj?

Tej yam mob thaum cev xeeb tub tuaj yeem ua rau tus menyuam hauv plab muaj feem yuav mob ntsws hypoplasia, xws li oligohydramnios thiab yug ntxov. Cov no suav nrog:

• Kev kis kab mob : Cov kab mob sib kis los ntawm kev sib deev (STIs) lossis cov kab mob bacterial xws li bacterial vaginosis tuaj yeem ua rau koj cov dej tawg ua ntej lub sijhawm.
• Lub caj dab luv . Qhov no kuj tuaj yeem ua rau yug ntxov thiab PROM.
• Xav tias yuav muaj ntau tus menyuam, xws li menyuam ntxaib lossis menyuam peb . Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem xws li qhov chaw tsawg hauv plab thiab cov kua dej tsawg.
• Kev kuaj amniocentesis : Qhov no yog kev kuaj ua thaum cev xeeb tub. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis tshua muaj, lub hnab dej tuaj yeem puas tsuaj thiab cov kua dej tuaj yeem xau.
• Ntshav siab lossis preeclampsia thaum cev xeeb tub. Cov no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub placenta, txo cov khoom noj khoom haus thiab oxygen ntawm tus menyuam, thiab tseem tuaj yeem ua rau poob dej.
• Kab mob ntshav qab zib : Yog tias leej niam muaj kab mob ntshav qab zib, nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qee yam teeb meem.
• Kev Qhuav Dej : Yog tias leej niam tsis haus dej txaus, cov kua dej amniotic yuav txo qis.

Qhov no yog vim li cas nws thiaj li tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum ua raws li koj tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia kom meej thiab mus ntsib kws kho mob raws sijhawm thaum cev xeeb tub. Kev saib xyuas koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm koj tus menyuam.

Qhov no ua rau muaj teeb meem dab tsi ntxiv?

Qhov tseeb tias lub ntsws tsis loj hlob zoo tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem nrog lwm qhov ntawm lub cev ntawm tus menyuam. Cov hauv qab no yog cov teeb meem uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim '(Pulmonary Hypoplasia):'

• Cov pa oxygen tsawg hauv cov ntshav (hypoxemia) : Qhov no yog qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau lub hlwb thiab lwm yam kabmob puas tsuaj.
• Ntshav siab hauv lub ntsws ntawm tus menyuam (pulmonary hypertension) : Cov hlab ntsha hauv lub ntsws nqaim, muab kev nyuaj ntxiv rau lub plawv.
• Kev tsis muaj zog lossis kev loj hlob tsis zoo ntawm lub trachea (tracheomalacia) : Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau lub trachea nruj thaum ua pa.
• Pneumothorax : Cua xau los ntawm lub ntsws, sib sau ua ke ncig lub ntsws, thiab lub ntsws vau.
• Teeb meem ua pa : Piv txwv li, bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Cov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim tom qab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov menyuam mos yug tsis tau hli, thaum lawv txuas nrog lub tshuab ua pa.
• Lwm yam teeb meem uas yuav tshwm sim vim yog qhov mob hauv qab uas ua rau muaj qhov mob ntsws hypoplasia. Piv txwv li, teeb meem noj mov, hnov ​​​​lus tsis zoo, thiab kev loj hlob qeeb .

"Koj yuav ntshai thaum koj hnov ​​​​​​txhua yam no. Tab sis nco ntsoov, kev paub txog yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ntsib qhov xwm txheej zoo li no. Tham nrog koj cov kws kho mob thiab nug txhua lo lus nug uas koj muaj."

Cov kws kho mob kuaj mob li cas?

Feem ntau, tus kws kho mob kuaj pom tias muaj mob ntsws (Pulmonary Hypoplasia) thaum lub sijhawm kuaj mob ultrasound thaum cev xeeb tub. Qhov kev kuaj no ntsuas qhov loj ntawm lub ntsws thiab lub hauv siab ntawm tus menyuam. Kuj tseem yuav ua tau MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) los xyuas kom meej tias tau kuaj mob. MRI tuaj yeem muab daim duab meej dua ntawm qhov ntim ntawm lub ntsws.

Qee zaum, tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj pom tus mob no thaum yug los lossis ob peb hnub tom qab yug los. Yog tias koj tus menyuam muaj teeb meem ua pa, tus kws kho mob yuav ua duab X-ray hauv siab kom paub seb puas muaj qhov ntsws hypoplasia lossis lwm yam mob ntsws. Daim duab X-ray tuaj yeem qhia qhov loj thiab mob ntawm lub ntsws.

Cov kev kho mob rau qhov no yog dab tsi?

Kev kho mob rau Pulmonary Hypoplasia nyob ntawm seb ua rau muaj li cas, qhov mob hnyav npaum li cas, thiab seb puas tau kuaj pom thaum cev xeeb tub lossis tom qab yug los. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob yog muab cov pa oxygen rau tus menyuam kom lawv muaj sia nyob thiab pab lawv lub ntsws loj hlob ntau li ntau tau. Yog tias koj tus menyuam yug los muaj Pulmonary Hypoplasia, koj yuav tsum pab lawv ua pa kom txog thaum lawv lub ntsws loj hlob txaus los ua pa ntawm lawv tus kheej, lossis kom txog thaum cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem muab kev kho mob ntxiv.

Nov yog qee qhov kev kho mob uas tus kws kho mob poj niam lossis kws kho mob neonatologist siv:

• Kev txhaj tshuaj amniotic : Yog tias muaj cov kua amniotic tsawg thaum cev xeeb tub, txoj kev kho no yuav txhaj cov kua ntawd rau hauv. Qhov no tuaj yeem pab txo qhov siab ntawm lub ntsws thiab pab kom loj hlob.
• Kev phais menyuam hauv plab lossis kev phais tom qab yug los : Piv txwv li, yog tias muaj ib qho mob hu ua CDH, kev phais yuav raug ua los kho qhov ntawd. Qee zaum kev phais no raug ua thaum tus menyuam tseem nyob hauv plab.
• Kev kho mob oxygen : Muab oxygen rau tus menyuam los ntawm kev siv lub raj mis ntswg los yog lub npog ntsej muag uas muab tso rau saum lub ntsej muag.
• Kev siv tshuab ua pa : Qhov no suav nrog kev txuas lub tshuab ua pa rau lub tshuab thiab pab ua pa los ntawm kev siv tshuab. Qhov no ua tiav los ntawm kev ntxig ib lub raj rau hauv lub raj cua.
• Kev Siv Pa oxygen Sab Nraud Lub Cev (ECMO) : Qhov no yog ib txoj kev kho mob tshwj xeeb thiab nyuaj heev. Lub tshuab ntxiv oxygen rau hauv cov ntshav thiab tshem tawm cov pa roj carbon dioxide thaum muab lub ntsws thiab lub plawv rau tus menyuam so. Nws siv rau hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav heev thaum txhua yam kev kho mob tsis ua haujlwm.

Yuav ua li cas yog tias koj tus menyuam yug los muaj Pulmonary Hypoplasia?

Yog koj tus menyuam yug los nrog lub ntsws tsis loj hlob zoo, nws yuav raug kuaj los ntawm tus kws kho mob menyuam mos (tus kws kho mob uas tshwj xeeb hauv cov menyuam mos) thiab pab pawg kws tshwj xeeb. Nyob ntawm qhov mob hnyav thiab lwm yam kabmob uas cuam tshuam, pab pawg kho mob yuav suav nrog:

• Cov Kws Kho Mob Raum (Nephrologists)
• Cov kws kho mob ntsws (cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb txog kev ua pa)
• Cov kws phais plawv (Cardiothoracic surgeons)
• Cov kws kho mob plab hnyuv (cov kws tshwj xeeb hauv kev zom zaub mov)

Cov menyuam mos uas muaj "(Pulmonary Hypoplasia)" feem ntau raug kho nrogHauv chav saib xyuas menyuam mos (NICU), cov menyuam mos tau txais kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb thiab kev saib xyuas tas li. Lawv feem ntau muaj teeb meem ntsws ntev thiab lwm yam mob. Qhov no suav nrog kev kis kab mob ua pa ntau zaus, cov mob xws li mob hawb pob, thiab kev loj hlob qeeb. Txawm li cas los xij, qee tus menyuam mos uas muaj Pulmonary Hypoplasia yuav tsis muaj mob hnyav npaum li lawv laus zuj zus, thiab lawv lub ntsws yuav txuas ntxiv loj hlob thiab lawv cov tsos mob yuav zoo dua.

Yuav ua li cas thiaj ua tau lub neej nrog qhov xwm txheej no?

Muaj tseeb tiag, cov menyuam mos uas lub ntsws tsis loj hlob zoo tuaj yeem muaj sia nyob. Tab sis txhua tus neeg qhov xwm txheej txawv. Lub peev xwm kom muaj sia nyob nrog '(Pulmonary Hypoplasia)' nyob ntawm cov yam no:

• Qhov mob hnyav npaum li cas. Lub ntsws tau loj hlob mus deb npaum li cas lawm.
• Qhov ua rau muaj tus kab mob no. Kab mob dab tsi ua rau muaj tus kab mob "(Pulmonary Hypoplasia)" thiab nws hnyav npaum li cas.
• Txawm yog kuaj pom thaum cev xeeb tub lossis tom qab yug los. Yog kuaj pom ntxov, qee zaum kev kho mob thaum ntxov tuaj yeem ua tau.
• Puas muaj lwm yam teeb meem ntxiv?

Zuag qhia tag nrho, tus nqi tuag vim yog Pulmonary Hypoplasia tau hais tias yog ntau dua 55%. Feem ntau nws nyuaj rau nyob nrog cov mob hnyav tshaj plaws ntawm Pulmonary Hypoplasia. Nws yog qhov tu siab uas hais li no, tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub qhov tseeb. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog kev nce qib ntawm kev kho mob, cov txheej txheem los pab cov menyuam mos zoo li no tau zoo dua niaj hnub no.

Peb puas ua tau dab tsi los tiv thaiv qhov no?

Tsis muaj ib txoj kev twg los tiv thaiv tus kab mob Pulmonary Hypoplasia, vim nws feem ntau yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm lwm yam mob. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob nkeeg thaum koj tus menyuam yug los yog ua raws li koj tus kws kho mob poj niam cov lus qhia rau kev xeeb tub noj qab haus huv. Koj tuaj yeem saib xyuas koj tus kheej los ntawm:

• Tswj koj cov mob ntev, xws li ntshav qab zib thiab ntshav siab.
• Mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob txhua hnub thaum koj cev xeeb tub. Ua li ntawd, yog tias muaj teeb meem dab tsi, koj tuaj yeem paub lawv thaum ntxov.
• Tsis txhob haus luam yeeb thiab haus cawv kiag li. Tej no muaj feem cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam.
• Haus dej ntau. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum haus tsawg kawg 2-3 liv dej ib hnub.
• Tiv thaiv koj tus kheej ntawm cov kab mob sib kis los ntawm kev sib deev (STIs) thiab lwm yam kab mob sib kis.

Kev mus kuaj mob tsis tu ncua nrog koj tus kws kho mob poj niam thiab kws kho mob poj niam tuaj yeem pab txheeb xyuas cov teeb meem uas yuav tshwm sim thaum ntxov. Qee zaum, cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem kho qhov ua rau muaj mob ntsws ntsws thaum cev xeeb tub. Qhov no tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv koj tus menyuam kom tsis txhob yug los nrog lub ntsws tsis loj hlob.

Thaum kawg, koj yuav tsum hais tias ...

Yog tias koj tus menyuam yug los muaj mob ntsws ntsws (Pulmonary Hypoplasia), ib pab kws kho mob yuav nrog koj txhua kauj ruam ntawm txoj kev. Lawv yuav piav qhia txog qhov hnyav ntawm tus mob, koj cov kev xaiv kho mob, thiab yav tom ntej yuav zoo li cas. Tsis txhob yig nug cov lus nug uas koj muaj kom koj thiaj li txiav txim siab tau zoo txog kev saib xyuas koj tus menyuam - lossis koj tus kheej txoj kev noj qab haus huv.

Yog tias ua tau, tsim koj pawg neeg txhawb nqa uas yog cov neeg uas koj ntseeg siab thiab hlub. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias cov neeg zoo li koj tus txiv, niam, txiv, cov kwv tij, thiab cov phooj ywg zoo tshaj plaws. Lawv txoj kev txhawb nqa yuav yog lub zog loj los ntsib txhua yam teeb meem uas los rau koj. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum nyob ruaj khov. Tsis txhob tso tseg kev cia siab.

Peb vam tias cov ntaub ntawv no yuav pab tau koj. Nco ntsoov, ib txwm sab laj nrog tus kws kho mob uas tsim nyog kom tau txais kev qhia kho mob. Tsab xov xwm no tsuas yog rau cov ntaub ntawv dav dav xwb.

Kev Mob Plab Hnyuv Hypoplasia, kev loj hlob tsis zoo ntawm lub ntsws, cov menyuam mos tshiab, kev ua pa nyuaj, cov mob uas yug los, NICU, kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov menyuam mos, cov teeb meem ntawm cev xeeb tub