Lɛ wi lan bɔt di PCR tɛst simpul wan, jɔs lɛk frɔm wan padi!

Yu go mɛmba se di tɛm we Covid-19 pandemik bin de, wi ɔl bin de tɔk bɔt di PCR tɛst . Sɔm pipul dɛn go dɔn fred smɔl, we dɛn de tink bɔt stik we dɛn put insay di nos? Bɔt wetin rili na dis PCR tɛst? Na Covid-19 nɔmɔ i go ebul fɔ no? Nɔ, PCR na wan rili impɔtant tɛst we na mɛrɛsin we de ɛp wit bɔku tin dɛn. Lɛ wi tɔk bɔt ɔl dis tide, simpul ɛn klia wan, lɛk se wi de tɔk to gud padi.

Wetin na PCR? Yu go ebul fɔ ɛksplen am smɔl?

Fɔ tɔk am simpul wan, PCR na abbrevieshɔn fɔ Polymerase Chain Reaction . Dɛn kin yuz am fɔ no di tin dɛn we de na wi bɔdi, we na DNA ɔ RNA . Imajin se dɛn tek smɔl sampul frɔm yu, i kin bi wan drop blɔd, ɔ swab frɔm insay yu nos. Dɛn kin tek da smɔl pat pan DNA ɔ RNA we de na da sampul de ɛn mek bɔku bɔku, sɔntɛm bɔku bɔku kɔpi dɛn na di lɛb. Dis na wetin sayɛnsman dɛn kɔl amplifyeshɔn , we min "inkris" ɔ "multiply." I tan lɛk se yu de mek bɔku kɔpi dɛn fɔ wan pepa wit fotokɔpi mashin.

We sayɛnsman dɛn mek bɔku kɔpi dɛn lɛk dis, i kin izi fɔ mek sayɛnsman dɛn stɔdi di DNA ɔ RNA we de na di fɔs smɔl sampul ɛn si if ɛnitin spɛshal de insay. PCR de pan wan grup fכ tεst dεm we dεn kכl Nyukliyk Asid Amplifyushכn Tεst (NAAT) .

Pan ɔl we bɔku pipul dɛn dɔn yɛri di wɔd PCR we gɛt fɔ du wit Covid-19 tɛst, dɛn dɔn de yuz dis teknɔlɔji fɔ lɔng tɛm na di mɛdikal fild ɛn na we we rili yusful.

Wetin dɛn kin no bay PCR?

Naw lɛ wi si us kayn tin dis PCR tɛst kin no. Bɔku pipul dɛn tink se na fɔ COVID-19 nɔmɔ. Bɔt nɔto so i bi. Tek wan luk:

• Sik dɛm we pɔsin kin gɛt: PCR kin ɛp fɔ no if fiva, kol, ɔ kɔf we yu gɛt na vayrɔs , baktri , fɛns , ɔ parasayt . Fɔ ɛgzampul:
• Di SARS-CoV-2 vayrɔs we de mek pɔsin gɛt COVID-19 (COVID-19) .
• Influenza , na dat wi kin kɔl di flu.
• Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), we kin apin mɔ pan yɔŋ pikin dɛn.
• Di baktri dɛm we de mek pɔsin gɛt TB.
• Bɔku ɔda vayral ɛn baktriyal infɛkshɔn dɛn.
• Jɛnɛtik sik dɛn: Sɔm pipul dɛn gɛt jɛnɛtik sik dɛn we dɛn kin gɛt frɔm dɛn mama ɛn papa, nɔto so? Sik dɛn lɛk dat, fɔ ɛgzampul , Sistik Faybrosis.dis PCR dεn kin yus bak fכ no di kכndyushכn dεm lεk Huntington’s Disease εn Fragile X Syndrome . Dis na rili kɔmpleks kɔndishɔn, so fɔ no am kwik kwik wan rili impɔtant fɔ tritmɛnt.
• Di kayn kansa: Dis we ya kin ɛp bak fɔ no sɔm kayn kansa lɛk lymphoma .
• di jin chenj dεm na kεnsar: We dεn de trit pכsin we gεt kεnsar, dis PCR tεst kin no bak spεsifi k jin vεryushכn/mכtεshכn dεm na dεn kεnsar sεl dεm. Dis go alaw fɔ yuz di tritmɛnt we dɛn dɔn tɔk bɔt fɔ tɔch dɛn patikyula chenj dɛn de. Dis na big big tin we dɛn dɔn du fɔ mɛn kansa.
• Di sik we dɛn go gɛt tumara bambay: Pipul dɛn we gɛt sɔm chenj dɛn na dɛn jɛnɛtiks kin gɛt bɔku prɔblɛm dɛn lɛk kansa tumara bambay. Dis PCR de yuz bak fɔ jenɛtik tɛst fɔ kansa risk . Dis kin mek yu no bifo tɛm ɛn chenj yu layf if nid de, ɔ yu kin wach bay we yu de du tɛst ɔltɛm.
• Tεst bifo uman bכn: PCR kin εp bak pan tεst dεm we dεn kin du fכ si if bεlε uman in pikin we nכ bכn gεt jεnεtik kכndishכn.

Nɔto dis nɔmɔ, yu go dɔn si am na fim dɛn, usay dɛn kin tek DNA pruf, lɛk wan smɔl ia ɔ blɔd we dɛn fɛn na say usay dɛn de du kraym, ɛn yuz am fɔ no udat na di kriminal. Fɔrɛns lab dɛn kin yuz dis PCR teknɔlɔji bak fɔ mek di DNA bɔku ɛn fɔ du tɛst.

Wetin na di tɛst ɛn we dɛn we dɛn kin yuz PCR tɛknɔlɔji?

Dɛn kin yuz PCR tɛknɔlɔji fɔ difrɛn we dɛn fɔ tɛst. Di kayn tɛst we yu nid fɔ tek sampul fɔ go dipen pan wetin yu de tɛst fɔ. Na sɔm ɛgzampul dɛn ya:

• Blɔd tɛst: Dɛn kin tek blɔd sɛmpul ɛn yuz PCR fɔ no di chenj dɛn we de apin na di jɛnɛtiks ɛn sɔm sik dɛn we kin kam pan pɔsin.
• Nasopharyngeal swab: Na mכkus sεmpl we dεn tek frכm insay di nos כ trot dεn kin yuz fכ tεst fכ respiratory infεkshכn lεk influenza (flu), COVID-19, εn RSV. Dis na wetin wi ɔl dɔn ɛkspiriɛns insay COVID.
• di prεimplantεshכn jεnεtik dayagnosis (PGD) כ Preimplantεshכn Jεnεtik Skrin (PGS): insay di In Vitro Fεtilayzεshכn (IVF) prכsεs, dεn de tek fכ sεl dεm frכm di εmbriyo dεm εn tεst fכ jεnεtik kכndishכn bifo dεn implant dεm na di mama in uterus. Dɛn kin du dis sɔm dez afta dɛn dɔn pul di eg.
• Amniocentesis we dɛn kin yuz: .we uman bεlε, dεn kin yuz sכm sכ m amniכtik fכluid we de rawnd di pikin na di mama in bεlε fכ tεst di pikin in jεnεtik stetכs we dεn de yuz PCR. Dis na tɛst we spɛshal dɔktɔ kin du.
• Bayopsi: Fכ no di jεnεtik mכtεshכn dεm na di kεnsar sεl dεm (mכlikul tεst), dεn kin tek sכm sכm sεmpl fכ di tכmכro (tכmכr bayopsi) כ bon mכro bayopsi. Dis tan lɛk smɔl ɔpreshɔn. afta dat dεn de yuz di sεmpl fכ du PCR fכ luk fכ jεnεtik chenj dεm.

Aw yu kin rɛdi fɔ dis tɛst?

Bɔku tɛm, dɛn nɔ nid spɛshal prɛparashɔn fɔ PCR tɛst. Bɔt i dipen pan wetin yu de tɛst fɔ ɛn us we dɛn yuz fɔ gɛda di sampul. Fɔ ɛgzampul, sɔm blɔd tɛst dɛn kin mek yu nid fɔ fast fɔ sɔm awa bifo dat. So, i bɛtɛ fɔ aks yu dɔktɔ ɔ di say we dɛn de du di tɛst if ɛni spɛshal tin de we yu nid fɔ du.

Aw PCR de wok? Na smɔl sayɛns!

Dis na smɔl sayɛns stori, bɔt lɛ a ɛksplen am simpul wan. wetin PCR de du na fכ no wan sikεns we yunik fכ di DNA we yu want fכ luk fכ, dat na fכ spεsifi k to am. Dis sikεns kin bi wan patikyula jεnεtik chenj na kansa, כ i kin bi di jεnεtik kכd fכ wan vayrus כ baktri. Dɛn kɔl dis target DNA .

di nem "Polymerase Chain Reaction" de tכk bכt di prכsεs we dεn de mek bכku nכmba fכ kכpi dεm fכ wan tכgεt DNA (amplified) na di labכtכri. dis prכsεs de yuz wan εnzym we dεn kכl DNA polimεrayz . dis εnzym de mek kכpi fכ di tכgεt DNA, if i de insay di sεmpl.

dis "chen riakshכn" de apin we wan sכlushכn de go tru bכku saykl dεm fכ hεt εn kol. insay wan saykl, di amount of DNA kin dubl. Tink bɔt am lɛk wan to tu, tu to 4, 4 to et... ɛn so, ɛn leta dɛn kin mek bɔku bɔku kɔpi dɛn. di advantej fכ dis na dat PCR kin dεtekt ivin sכm sכm DNA כ RNA we כda tεst dεm go mis.

Bɔku tɛm, afta dɛn dɔn du PCR, sayɛnsman dɛn kin gɛt fɔ du mɔ tɛst fɔ analayz di DNA we dɛn dɔn amplify. Bɔt sɔm tɛm, dɛn kin ad spɛshal lɛbl dɛn to di sɔlvushɔn we dɛn de du di PCR prɔses, we kin no if di sampul na pɔsitiv ɔ negatif. Dɛn kin yuz dis we fɔ gɛt rizɔlt kwik kwik wan, mɔ we yu de luk fɔ infɛkshɔn lɛk vayrɔs.

Us kayn PCR de?

Difrɛn kayn PCR dɛn de. Sɔm kin nid ɔda tin dɛn fɔ kɔpi ɔ analayz di DNA. Lɛ wi luk tu men kayn dɛn:

1. Rivεs-Transkriptεz PCR (RT-PCR) .

Imajin se di jεnεtik infכmeshכn we wi want fכ kכpi εn sכch fכ nכ de insay DNA, bכt na RNA. (Fɔ ɛgzampul, di Covid-19 vayrɔs gɛt RNA). afta dat, insay dis RT-PCR , wetin dεn de du na fכs fכ kכnvכlt di RNA to DNA we dεn de yuz spεshal εnzym (rεvεs transkriptεz). di DNA we de fכm dεn kכl am komplimentari DNA (cDNA) . afta dat, dεn de du di nכmal PCR prכsεs we wi bin dכn tכk bכt. biכs, nכmal PCR kin כnli bi pan DNA.

2. Rial-taym PCR / Kwantitaytiv PCR (Q-PCR) .

wetin kin apin insay dis na dat as dεn de mek di DNA kכpi dεm, dεn de ad spεshal fכrosεnt lεbul dεm pan am. dis lεbul dεm de mek layt we dεn de tay pan di tכgεt DNA. afta dat, if dεn nכ du כda tεst, di wan dεm we de du di tεst kin si insay rial tεm if di DNA we rilevεnt de insay di sεmpl. Nɔto dat nɔmɔ, dɛn kin gɛt kwantiti aydia bak bɔt aw bɔku tin de.

Di tin we de kɔnfyus na dat, sɔm pipul dɛn kin kɔl dis bak "RT-PCR". Bɔt i nɔ di sem wit Rivas-Transkriptaz PCR we wi bin dɔn tɔk bɔt. כlso, dεn kin yuz dis Rial-taym PCR mεtכd in kכmbaynshכn wit di Rivεs-Transkriptas PCR we wi bin dכn mεnshכn. Dɔn dɛn kɔl am Rial-taym RT-PCR (rial-taym RT-PCR) . Dis rial-taym RT-PCR we dɛn kin yuz fɔ nos swab tɛst fɔ no RNA vayrɔs lɛk Covid-19 ɛn influenza.

Wetin di rizɔlt fɔ PCR tɛst de tɛl wi?

We yu gɛt di rizɔlt fɔ PCR tɛst, di wɔd dɛn kin difrɛn smɔl, i kin dipen pan wetin dɛn tɛst yu fɔ.

• Jɛnɛral wan, if yu rizɔlt se "detected" ɔ "present," i min se yu gɛt di jenɛtik muteshon ɔ infɛkshɔn we di tɛst bin luk fɔ.
• if di risal se "no detekt," i min se di tεst nכ bin ebul fכ fכn di tכgεt DNA כ RNA we dεn bin de tεst. Bɔt if yu gɛt infɛkshɔn, dis kin min sɔntɛnde se yu bin tɛst tumɔs kwik kwik wan we yu gɛt di sik. Yu kin stil gɛt di infɛkshɔn, bɔt i nɔ kin gɛt inof pan di vayrɔs ɔ baktri we dɛn go ebul fɔ no bay PCR da tɛm de.

Aw fɔ intaprit Covid-19 PCR rizɔlt?

Dis na sɔntin we bɔku pipul dɛn sabi naw.

• If yu gɛt pɔsitiv COVID PCR rizɔlt - we min se yu ripɔt se "Detected" - min se yu go mɔs gɛt COVID-19 , ɔ yu nɔ tu te yet we yu dɔn wɛl frɔm COVID-19 (sɔntɛnde PCR kin kɔntinyu fɔ bi pɔsitiv fɔ sɔm tɛm afta yu dɔn wɛl).
• If yu gɛt negatif ("Not Detected") COVID PCR rizɔlt, i min se yu mɔs nɔ bin gɛt COVID-19 we yu tek di nos swab. Bɔt, lɛk aw a bin dɔn tɔk, sɔm tɛm, ali pan infɛkshɔn, mɔ if yu nɔ gɛt ɛni sayn, PCR tɛst kin bi negatif. So if yu gɛt sayn, yu dɔktɔ kin advays yu fɔ du tɛst bak insay sɔm dez.

Aw lɔŋ i kin tek fɔ gɛt PCR rizɔlt?

Dis kin difrɛn bak dipen pan di tɛst we dɛn de du.

• Nasal swab test fɔ kɔmɔn vayrɔs lɛk influenza ɛn COVID-19 kin tek sɔm awa ɔ wan de fɔ mek dɛn gɛt rizɔlt.
• Jɛnɛtik tɛst we de yuz blɔd tɛst ɛn bayɔpsi we kin tek wan wik ɔ mɔ fɔ gɛt rizɔlt bikɔs di analisis prɔses kin kɔmpleks smɔl.

Ustɛm yu nid fɔ go to dɔktɔ?

If yu gɛt ɛni kwɛstyɔn ɔ wɔri bɔt PCR tɛst ɔ in rizɔlt, mek shɔ se yu tɔk to yu dɔktɔ. Dɛn kin ɛksplen ɔltin to yu.

Di mɛsej we impɔtant pas ɔl fɔ kɛr go na os

Pan ɔl we di wɔd "PCR test" bin kam insay wi ɛvride tɔk-tɔk wantɛm wantɛm wit di 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, na tru tru wan rili valyu teknɔlɔji we dɔktɔ dɛn dɔn de yuz fɔ bɔku bɔku ia. PCR de ɛp fɔ no ɛn kɔpi smɔl smɔl DNA ɔ RNA, we dɛn kin yuz fɔ no difrɛn difrɛn wɛlbɔdi kɔndishɔn dɛn.

Pan ɔl we dis kin apin to dɔktɔ dɛn, i nɔ kin kɔmɔn fɔ mek yu du tɛst. Wi ɔndastand dat. Bɔt di bɛst tin na dat, i jɔs nid fɔ tek smɔl smɔl pat pan yu bɔdi, ɛn di we aw dɛn kin du am kin tek jɔs sɔm minit. If yu gɛt ɛni kwɛstyɔn, wɔri, ɔ dawt bɔt dis, duya tɔk to yu dɔktɔ. Dɛn go ɛksplen ɔltin to yu. Stay wit wɛlbɔdi!

` PCR test, DNA, RNA, jenɛtik tɛst, diagnosis, Covid-19, vayrɔs