Kimotɛrapi na wan pan di tritmɛnt dɛn we dɛn kin yuz fɔ mɛn kansa ɛn we bɔku pipul dɛn kin tɔk bɔt. Dis min se wi kin sɛn drɔgs tru wi blɔd fɔ kil di kansa sɛl dɛn ɛn stɔp dɛn fɔ gro. Bɔt yu no se difrɛn kayn kemotɛrapi mɛrɛsin dɛn de we de wok difrɛn we? Antimetabolites na wan pan dɛn spɛshal klas ya fɔ drɔgs. Pan ɔl we di nem kin tan lɛk se i kɔmplikt, di we aw dɛn de wok rili wɔndaful. Tide wi go tɔk bɔt dɛn antimɛtabolayt ya.
Aw dɛn antimɛtabolayt ya kin kil di kansa sɛl dɛn?
Fɔ tɔk am simpul wan, wetin dis mɛrɛsin de du na fɔ trik di kansa sɛl dɛn, lɛk fɔ gi dɛn lay lay ki we tan lɛk di rial wan.
fכ כndastand dis, lε wi fכs luk aw wan kεnsar sεl de mek (divayd) mכr sεl dεm. Lɛk ɔl di sɛl dɛn na wi bɔdi, di kansa sɛl dɛn gɛt sɔntin we dɛn kɔl DNA. Tink bɔt dis as di sɛl in "instrɔkshɔn buk" ɔ "blueprint." Dis plan na wetin di sɛl de du, ɛn aw i de mek mɔ kɔpi fɔ insɛf.
fכ bil dis DNA bluprint fayn fayn wan, di sεl nid sכm imכtant bεsik tin dεm. Jɔs lɛk aw fɔ bil os nid brik ɛn siment. Wi kin kɔl dɛn tin ya mɛtabolayt. Dɛn tin ya mɔ na:
- Purines: Dis na imכtant bildin blכk dεm fכ DNA εn RNA.
- Pirimidin dεm: Dis na imכtant bildin blכk dεm fכ DNA εn RNA.
- fכlik asid: Dis na wan kayn vaytam in we de gi enεji fכ di prכsεs we di sεl dεm de sheb.
Naw, na wetin wan antimetabolite drɔg de du. dis dכg mכlekyul dεn mek am vεri sεm lεk di rial ingridiεnt dεm (mεtabolayt dεm) we wi bin dכn tכk bכt. So, we di kansa sɛl de tray fɔ mek in DNA, i de yuz dis lay lay tin we dɛn kɔl di drɔg, ɛn tink se na di rial tin we de insay de.
Imajin se yu de kuk rays. Yu tink se na sɔl ɛn yu ad sɔm shuga we yu si. Wetin kin apin da tɛm de? Di teys ɛn tɛkstɔr fɔ di wan ol rays dɔn mɛs, nɔto so? Semweso, we kansa sɛl yuz dis lay lay tin, in DNA blueprint nɔ rayt atɔl. If di bluprint nɔ rayt, di sɛl nɔ go ebul fɔ mek mɔ kɔpi dɛn. Afta sɔm tɛm, di kansa sɛl nɔ kin ebul fɔ sheb igen ɛn i kin day.
Wetin na di men kayn antimɛtabolayt dɛm?
Yu mɛmba di tri impɔtant tin dɛn we wi bin dɔn tɔk bɔt trade? Dɛn kin sheb dɛn mɛrɛsin ya to tri men kayn, i kin dipen pan uswan pan dɛn tri tin dɛn de we dɛn kin tɔch.
- Purine antagonists: Dɛn wan ya kin stɔp di kansa sɛl dɛn fɔ mek purines.
- di antagonist dεm we de agens di pyrimidine: dεn ya de stכp di kεnsar sεl dεm fכ mek pyrimidine.
- Fɔlik asid antagonist dɛn (antifolates):Dɛn tin ya kin mek di kansa sɛl dɛn nɔ yuz fɔlik asid fɔ mek DNA.
Us kayn kansa dɛn kin yuz dis mɛrɛsin fɔ?
Dɛn kin yuz antimɛtabolayt drɔgs fɔ trit bɔku kayn kansa. Yu dɔktɔ go disayd us mɛrɛsin go fayn fɔ yu bay di kayn kansa we yu gɛt, di stej we i gɛt, ɛn aw yu dɔn du di tritmɛnt dɛn we yu bin dɔn gɛt trade. Dɛn kin yuz sɔm mɛrɛsin dɛn bak fɔ trit ɔda sik dɛn (lɛk ɔtoimyun sik dɛn) apat frɔm kansa.
Di tebul we de dɔŋ ya de sho sɔm pan di antimɛtabolayt drɔgs dɛm we dɛn kin yuz mɔ ɛn di kayn kansa dɛm we dɛn kin trit.
| Di Nem fɔ Drug | Di kayn kansa dɛn we dɛn kin trit |
|---|---|
| Fluorourasil (5-FU) we dɛn kɔl . | Brɔst, kɔlon, bɛlɛ, pankrias, ɛn skin kansa |
| Kapɛsitabin (Xeloda®) we dɛn kɔl . | Brɔst, kɔlon, bɛlɛ, ɛsophagus, ɛn pankrias kansa |
| Gemsitabin (Gemzar®) we dɛn kɔl Gemsitabin (Gemzar®) . | brεst, lכng (nכn sכm sכl sεl), ovarian εn pankrεas kεnsar |
| Mɛtɔtreksɛt we dɛn kɔl | Lukimiya, limfoma, brɔst, lɔng, ed ɛn nɛk kansa, bon kansa (Osteosarcoma) . |
| Saytarabin we dɛn kɔl | Difrɛn kayn lukimiya (Acute myeloid, ALL, CML) . |
| Haydroksiyuria we dɛn kɔl | Lukimiya (CML), ed ɛn nɛk kansa |
Aw dɛn kin gi dis mɛrɛsin to di bɔdi?
Bɔku we dɛn de fɔ gi dɛn mɛrɛsin ya, i go dipen pan di kayn mɛrɛsin we dɛn de gi.
- Intravenously (IV): Dis na di we we dɛn kin yuz mɔ. Dɛn kin gi di mɛrɛsin insay di bɔdi as salin sɔlvushɔn tru kanula ɔ kemo pɔt we dɛn put na di an ɔ chɛst. Dis tritmɛnt kin las fɔ sɔm minit, sɔm awa, ɔ ivin sɔm dez.
- As injεkshכn: dεn kin gi sכm mεdikeshכn dεm bak as injεkshכn insay di fεt layεr כnda di skin.
- Tablɛt: Sɔm antimɛtabolit dɛn de bak as tablɛt we pɔsin kin swɛla.
- As krim we dɛn kin put pan pɔsin in bɔdi: Di mɛrɛsin we dɛn kɔl 5-FU, we dɛn kin yuz fɔ mɛn kansa na di skin (basal cell carcinoma), de bak as krim we dɛn kin put pan pɔsin in bɔdi.
Wetin na di sayd ɛfɛkt dɛm we di tritmɛnt kin gɛt?
Wan tin we kin apin we dɛn kin yuz kemotɛrapi drɔgs na dat dɛn kin tɔch di sɛl dɛn we de sheb kwik kwik wan. Kansa sεl dεm na wan kayn sεl we de sheb kwik kwik wan. Bɔt di prɔblɛm na dat, sɔm wɛlbɔdi sɛl dɛn na wi bɔdi sɛf kin sheb kwik kwik wan. Fɔ ɛgzampul:
- Di sɛl dɛn we de na di ia fɔlikul
- Sεl dεm na di mכt εn di dijestiv trakt
- Di sɛl dɛn we de na di skin
- Di sɛl dɛn we de mek blɔd
di antimetabolite dεm dεm nכ kin ebul fכ difrεnt bitwin kεnsar sεl dεm εn hεlty sεl dεm. So, dɛn sɛl dɛn ya we gɛt wɛlbɔdi kin pwɛl bak. Na dat mek di sayd ɛfɛkt dɛn kin apin.
Di sayd ɛfɛkt dɛm we kin apin pas ɔl na:
- Taya ɛn taya
- Di ia we de lɔs
- Skin chenj (e.g. rash ) .
- Nɔs ɛn vɔmit
- Dayarɛa (bɛlɛ de at) .
- Fil fɔ it
Bɔt dɛn sayd ɛfɛkt ya nɔ kin apin to ɔlman di sem we. I dipen pan di mɛrɛsin we dɛn gi yu, di doz, ɛn ɔda tin dɛn So i rili impɔtant fɔ tɔk to yu dɔktɔ bɔt dis bifo yu bigin fɔ trit yu. Naw bɔku mɛrɛsin dɛn de fɔ kɔntrol di bad tin dɛn we kin apin to pɔsin.
Wetin na di bɛnifit ɛn prɔblɛm dɛn we dis tritmɛnt de gi?
Di bɛnifit dɛn we yu kin gɛt:
di men bεnεfit we antimεtabolit dεm gεt na dat dεn de kil di kεnsar sεl dεm εn stכp di tכmכro gro. Dis kin mek pɔrsin wae gɛt kansa liv lɔng ɛn mek in layf izi bay wae yu de kɔntrol de sik wae de kam.
Risk dɛn we kin apin:
Di men risk na di sayd ɛfɛkt dɛm wae wi bin dɔn tɔk bɔt. Dɔn bak, nɔto ɔl di tritmɛnt dɛn we dɛn kin gi kansa kin wok di sem we fɔ ɔlman. Wan patikyula mɛrɛsin nɔ go wok fɔ yu kansa. As tɛm de go, di kansa sɛl dɛn kin ebul fɔ bia wit di mɛrɛsin, ɛn di mɛrɛsin nɔ kin wok fayn igen. If dis apin, yu dɔktɔ kin tɛl yu fɔ yuz difrɛn kemotɛrapi mɛrɛsin ɔ ɔda tritmɛnt (e.g., redyushɔn, imyunotɛrapi).
If yu gɛt bɛlɛ, yu de gi pikin bɔbi, ɔ yu gɛt ɛni ɔda sik, mek shɔ se yu tɛl yu dɔktɔ bifo yu bigin dis tritmɛnt.
Mɛsej we dɛn kin kɛr go na os
- Antimεtabolit dεm na spεshal tכp kεmothεrapi dεm we de "trik" kεnsar sεl dεm fכ stכp dεm fכ divayd.
- dis dכg dεm de wok bay we dεn de mek di kεnsar sεl dεm nכ gεt di raw mεtirial dεm we dεn nid fכ mek dεn DNA (jεnεtik bluprint).
- Dɛn kin yuz dɛn tin ya fɔ mɛn bɔku difrɛn kayn kansa, lɛk bɔdi, lɔng, ɛn lukimiya.
- Sayd ifekt dεm lεk we yu ia de lכs εn nכs kin apin biכs dis mεdikeshכn de afekt hεlty sεl dεm bak we de sheb kwik kwik wan.
- Fɔ lan bɔt wan tritmɛnt kin mek yu fred smɔl. Bɔt nɔ ɛva fred fɔ aks yu dɔktɔ bɔt di mɛrɛsin we dɛn de gi yu, di gud tin dɛn we i gɛt, di bad tin dɛn we i kin du, ɛn di bad tin dɛn we kin apin to yu. Fɔ no gud gud wan na impɔtant pat pan tritmɛnt.
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