Yu pikin in yay smɔl? Ɔ dɛn nɔ fɔm yet? (Microphthalmia ɛn Anophthalmia) Lɛ wi tɔk bɔt am.

Yu go dɔn notis se dɛn kin bɔn sɔm pikin dɛn wit sɔm kayn tin we nɔ fayn na dɛn yay. Sɔntɛnde, wan ɔ ɔl tu di yay dɛn kin smɔl pas aw i kin bi, ɔ we nɔ kin apin so ɔltɛm, dɛn nɔ kin sɛt di yay fayn fayn wan. Na nɔmal tin fɔ mek mama ɔ papa fil bad bad wan we dɛn si dɛn tin ya. So tide wi go tɔk bɔt dɛn kayn tin ya we dɛn kɔl `(Microphthalmia)` ɛn `(Anophthalmia)`.

Wetin na `(Maykroftalmia)` ɛn `(Anoftalmia)`?

Fɔ tɔk am simpul wan, dɛn tu tin ya kin apin we dɛn bɔn am (dɛn kin de we dɛn bɔn am). dis min se dεn kin apin biכs fכ prכblεm we de wit di divεlכpmεnt fכ di yay we di pikin stil de na di bεlε. Sɔm pipul dɛn kin kɔl dɛn tin ya bak "birth defects of the eyes."

Maykroftalmia: Dis na we wan ɔ ɔl tu di pikin in yay nɔ de divɛlɔp fayn, we de mek i smɔl pas aw i fɔ bi. di pat dεm we de insay di yay kin misshap bak biכs fכ divεlכpmεnt we nכ fayn.

• if i afekt di tu sayd dεm (`Bilateral microphthalmia`): Dis min se dis kכndyushכn de afekt di tu yay dεm.
• if i afekt wan sayd nכmכ (`Unilateral microphthalmia`): Dis min se dis kכndyushכn de afekt wan yay nכmכ.

Sɔm pipul dɛn kin kɔl dis bak "smɔl ay sindrom".

`(Anophthalmia)`: Dis na we wan ɔ ɔl tu di pikin in yay nɔ de divɛlɔp atɔl . Dis min se di yay dɛn nɔ de fɔm.

• if i afekt di tu sayd dεm (`Bilateral anophthalmia`): כl tu di yay dεm nכ de na di ples.
• If i afɛkt wan sayd nɔmɔ (`Unilateral anophthalmia`): Wan yay nɔ de na in ples.

Aw kɔmɔn tin dɛn ya kin apin?

Dis na rili tin dɛn we nɔ kin apin so ɔltɛm. Sɔm ripɔt dɛn se ivin na kɔntri lɛk Amɛrika, dɛn sik ya (Anophthalmia ɛn Microphthalmia) kin apin to lɛk wan pan ɛvri 5,200 pikin dɛn we dɛn kin bɔn ɛvri ia. Sɔm ripɔt dɛn ivin se na wan pan ɛvri 10,000 pipul dɛn. Dat min se nɔto ɔl pikin kin gɛt dis.

Wetin na di sayn dɛm fɔ dɛn kayn sik ya?

We dɔktɔ chɛk di pikin gud gud wan afta dɛn bɔn am, mɔ we i de chɛk in yay, dɛn kin no if dis sik de ɔ nɔ de.

Di men tin na we yu nɔ de si bɛtɛ ɔ yu nɔ de si fayn igen . Apat frɔm dɛn yay kɔndishɔn ya, ɔda ay sik ɛn ɔda wɛlbɔdi prɔblɛm dɛn kin apin bak.

Sɔm ɔda prɔblɛm dɛn we kin apin na di yay na:

• Katarakt: Insay dis, sɔntin we tan lɛk klawd kin fɔm na di lens insay di yay, we kin mek yu nɔ si fayn ɛn yu nɔ kin si di kɔlɔ igen.
• Koloboma: Dis na we di tisu we de insay di yay de lɔs. Bɔku tɛm, dis kin apin na di ayris, we na di pat we gɛt kɔlɔ na di yay. Pɔsin we gɛt kɔloboma kin gɛt wan pupil we nɔ shep bikɔs dɛn kɔt in ayris.
• Maykrokɔnia: Dis na sik we di kɔnia, we na di transparent pat na di frɔnt pat na di yay, rili smɔl. If yu gɛt dis, yu kɔnia nɔ go ivin rich 10 milimita in dayamita, ivin if yu dɔn big.
• Detached retina: Dis na siriɔs tin we kin mek pɔsin blaynd. di rεtina, di layt we de na di bak pat pan di yay we de εp wi fכ si, de separet frכm di tisu we de sכpכt. di rεtina na di wan we de sεnd signal to di bren bכt wetin wi de si.
• di aylid we de dכp (`Ptosis` כ `Pseudoptosis`): `(Ptosis)` na we di aylid dכn. I gɛt fɔ du wit di mɔsul ɛn di nerv dɛn. `(Pseudoptosis)` kin luk lεk `(Ptosis)`, biכs di aylid de dכp bak. Bɔt nɔto bikɔs ɔf di nerv ɔ di mɔsul dɛn, bɔt na di aybɔl we nɔ de divɛlɔp fayn.

Wetin na di kɔz dɛm fɔ `(Maykroftalmia)` ɛn `(Anoftalmia)`?

Risach pipul dɛm stil nɔr no bɛtɛ bɛtɛ wan wetin kin mek dɛn sik ya. Sɔm pikin dɛn kin bɔn wit dɛn kayn tin ya bikɔs dɛn kin chenj dɛn jɛnɛtiks. Risach pipul dεm biliv se chenj dεm na di jin dεm εn kromozom dεm, wit di tin dεm we de na di envayroment, kin mek dεn kכndyushכn ya, we de de we dεn bכn am.

Bɔku ɔda tin dɛn de we kin afɛkt dɛn yay kɔndishɔn ya:

• Yuz sɔm mɛrɛsin dɛn we yu gɛt bɛlɛ: Fɔ ɛgzampul, Isotretinoin (we dɛn kin kɔl bak Accutane®) fɔ akni, ɔ Thalidomide fɔ kansa ɛn sɔm sik dɛn na di skin.
• We yu gɛt ɛkspos to ɛkstrem rayt ɔ ɔda raytin we yu gɛt bɛlɛ.
• We yu gɛt kemikal dɛn we yu gɛt bɛlɛ: Fɔ ɛgzampul, sɔm mɛrɛsin ɛn peshɛnt sayd dɛn.
• fכ εkspos to sכm infεkshכn dεm we uman bεlε: fכ egzampl, infεkshכn dεm lεk Jaman mizεl (`Rubella`) εn `(Toxoplasmosis)`.
• Di mama in vaytamɛn A we nɔ de.

Di impɔtant tin na dat pan ɔl we dɛn rizin ya de, nɔto ɔlman go gɛt dɛn kayn tin ya. Dɔn bak, dɛn tin ya kin apin if yu nɔ gɛt ɛni wan pan dɛn rizin ya.

Aw dɔktɔ dɛn kin no bɔt dɛn sik ya?

If na pikin we dɛn jɔs bɔn, dɔktɔ kin no dɛn sik ya bay we i de chɛk di pikin. Bɔt we dɛn de fɔ no dɛn sik ya we uman gɛt bɛlɛ bak.

di tεst dεm we de fכ no dεn kכndyushכn ya bifo dεn bכn di pikin na:

• Ultrasound: Dis de yuz ay frikshɔn sawnd wev fɔ mek pikchɔ dɛn. Bɔt we dɛn du ɔltra saund we di pikin stil de na di bɛlɛ, i nɔ kin no di sik ɔltɛm.
• Fetal MRI: 1.`(MRI)` tinap fɔ `Magnetik Rɛsɔnans Imej`. Dis na spɛshal tɛst fɔ tek imej. I kin fayn fɔ no di prɔblɛm ɛn prɔblɛm dɛn we kin apin we dɛn de bɔn pikin.
• Jεnεtik tεst: fכ egzampl, tεst lεk di Kwad mak skrinin tεst. di Kwad skrin na bכdi tεst we dεn kin du bitwin 15 εn 20 wiks we uman bεlε. Dis kin gi sɔm infɔmeshɔn bɔt di pikin in jɛnɛtik kɔndishɔn.

Wetin na di tritmɛnt fɔ `(Microphthalmia)` ɛn `(Anophthalmia)`?

I sɔri fɔ no se naw, mɛrɛsin sayɛns nɔ gɛt ɛni we fɔ gi pikin dɛn we dɛn bɔn wit dɛn sik ya nyu yay. Bɔt sɔm tritmɛnt dɛn de we kin ɛp dɛn fɔ liv wit dɛn sik ya.

• Kɔnfɔma: Dɛn tin ya na divays dɛn we dɛn kin put na di ay sɔkɛtɛ. Dɛn kin ɛp di ay sɔkɛt ɛn di pat dɛn na di fes fɔ divɛlɔp nɔmal wan. As di pikin in fes de gro, dɛn tin ya go nid fɔ big.
• Prostɛtik yay: Dis na atifishal yay we dɛn kin put na ɛmti ay sɔkɛt. Dɛn tin ya kin ɛp bak fɔ mek di ay sɔkɛt ɛn di fes gro. Dɛn kin ɛp bak fɔ gɛt prɔblɛm wit aw pɔsin de luk.
• Ɔpreshɔn: I kin nid fɔ du ɔpreshɔn fɔ trit tin dɛn lɛk katarakt, kɔloboma, ɔ fɔ fit di kɔnfɔma dɛn fayn fayn wan.
• Savis dɛm we de ɛp di pikin ɛn in famili fɔ bia wit di we aw i nɔ de si ɔ we i blaynd: Dɛn tin ya na ticha dɛn we de tich pikin dɛn we nɔ de si fayn, di wan dɛn we de mɛn pipul dɛn we nɔ de si fayn, ɛn di wan dɛn we sabi bɔt di wan dɛn we nɔ de si fayn. Dɛn ali intavɛnshɔn savis ya de ɛp di pikin fɔ lan fɔ waka, tɔk, ɛn intarakt wit ɔda pipul dɛn. Dɛn kin ɛp di famili bak fɔ wok togɛda fɔ mek di pikin in layf bɛtɛ.
• Glas ɔ Kɔntakt: Sɔntɛnde, di yay we gɛt Maykroftalmia kin gɛt sɔm vishɔn. na dεn kayn kes dεm ya, dεn kin nid kכrektif lεns fכ trit kכndyushכn lεk Amblyopia (dεn kin kכl am bak les ay). If na wan yay nɔmɔ yu de si , i impɔtant fɔ wɛr glas we de protɛkt yu . Dipen pan us pat na di yay we Microphthalmia afɛkt, yu kin ebul fɔ si klia wan wit kɔrɛkt lens.

Aw a go ridyus dis risk?

No we nɔ de fɔ pul di risk fɔ gɛt maykroftalmia ɛn anoftalmia kpatakpata. Bɔt tin dɛn de we yu kin du fɔ mek yu bɛlɛ sef :

• Si dɔktɔ bifo yu gɛt bɛlɛ: Una fɔ wok togɛda fɔ gɛt wɛlbɔdi as yu ebul bifo yu gɛt bɛlɛ ɛn di tɛm we yu gɛt bɛlɛ. We yu de tɔk dis, yu kin tɔk bak bɔt us vaysin dɛn yu nid fɔ dɔn bifo yu gɛt bɛlɛ.
• Start ɛn kɔntinyu fɔ kia fɔ yu bifo yu bɔn am kwik ɛn fayn: Nɔ mis yu dɔktɔ in apɔntinmɛnt, ivin if yu fil fayn.
• Tɔk to yu dɔktɔ bɔt di mɛrɛsin ɛn ɔda tin dɛn we yu de tek: Mek shɔ se dɛn nɔ bad fɔ gɛt bɛlɛ we gɛt wɛlbɔdi. Dis inklud ɛni mɛrɛsin we yu dɔktɔ dɔn tɛl yu, ɛn ɛni vaytamɛn ɔ sɔpɔtmɛnt we yu de tek. If yu de tek Isotretinoin ɔ Thalidomide, mek shɔ se yu tɛl yu dɔktɔ .
• Afta yu dɔn tɔk bɔt yu mɛdikal istri ɛn yu famili mɛdikal istri, yu dɔktɔ kin tɛl yu fɔ tɛst yu jɛnɛtiks bifo yu gɛt bɛlɛ.
• Stay away frɔm kemikal dɛn we de ambɔg yu.

If a gɛt `(Microphthalmia)` ɔ `(Anophthalmia)`, wetin a fɔ ɛkspɛkt?

Nɔ kɔmplit mɛrɛsin nɔ de fɔ di kɔndishɔn dɛn we dɛn kɔl `(Microphthalmia)` ɛn `(Anophthalmia). De impɔtant tin na aw fɔ manej ɛn liv wit dɛn kayn tin ya ɛn de ɔda prɔblɛm wae kin kam wit dɛm.

Ustɛm a fɔ go to mi dɔktɔ?

If yu ɔ yu pikin gɛt `(Microphthalmia)` ɔ `(Anophthalmia),` i rili impɔtant fɔ aks fɔ ɛp frɔm spɛshal mɛdikal tim . Apat frɔm wan jenɛral dɔktɔ we de mɛn pikin ɔ intanis, bɔku tɛm pɔsin we gɛt dɛn sik ya go nid di savis dɛm fɔ:

• Ɔftalmɔlɔjis: Na dɔktɔ we de no ɛn trit yay sik ɛn prɔblɛm dɛn we gɛt fɔ du wit yay.
• Ocularist: Na pɔsin we kin mek ɛn fit divays dɛn lɛk atifishal yay ɛn kɔnfɔma.
• Oculoplastic surgeon: Na dɔktɔ we dɔn gɛt spɛshal trenin pan di yay, di ɔbit, ɛn di bon dɛn we mek dɛn.

I fayn fɔ put ɔl dɛn tin ya na yu (ɔ yu pikin in) mɛdikal tim, ɛn bak spɛshal pipul dɛn we go ɛp wit ɔda nid dɛn.

Us ɔda kɔndishɔn dɛn kin gɛt fɔ du wit `(Microphthalmia)` ɛn `(Anophthalmia)`?

Maykroftalmia ɛn anoftalmia kin apin togɛda wit ɔda mɛdikal kɔndishɔn dɛn we de we dɛn bɔn am. fכ egzampl, difכmεshכn dεm na di limb dεm (lεk polydactyly), difכmεshכn na di fes εn כral (lεk cleft lip εn palata), εn intellectual challenges.

כlso, kכndishכn dεm we dεn kכl `(Anophthalmia)` εn `(Microphthalmia)` kin apin as pat pan sכm kכnεjital sεndrכm dεm. Sɔm ɛgzampul dɛn na:

• `(Aicardi sindrom)`: 1.Dis na sik we nɔ kin apin so ɔltɛm. I kin mek sɔm pat dɛn na di bɔdi lɔs we dɛn bɔn am. Pipul wae gɛt dis sik kin gɛt wɛl bɔdi prɔblɛm wae dɛn kin gɛt fɔ dɛn layf lɛk wae dɛn kin gɛt sik ɛn wae dɛn kin delay fɔ divɛlɔp.
• CHARGE syndrome: Dis na sik bak we nɔ kin apin so ɔltɛm. I kin afɛkt bɔku pat dɛn na di bɔdi, lɛk di yay ɛn di at.
• SOX2 anophthalmia syndrome: Apat frɔm we dɛn nɔ gɛt ɔ gɛt smɔl yay, pipul dɛn we gɛt dis sik kin gɛt sik ɛn gɛt prɔblɛm wit dɛn bren.
• Lenz microphthalmia syndrome: Apat frɔm di smɔl smɔl yay dɛm, pipul dɛm wae gɛt dis sik kin gɛt wae dɛn yay nɔr kin kɔntrol, dɛn kin gɛt prɔblɛm wit dɛn lanin, ɛn dɛn kin gɛt prɔblɛm wit di skel sistɛm ɛn di urinary system.

We yu gɛt bɛlɛ, yu kin fil bad bad wan we yu kam fɔ no se yu pikin kin gɛt ɛni wan pan di `(Microphthalmia)` ɔ `(Anophthalmia)`. Dis na nɔmal tin. Fɔ tɔk to yu mɛdikal tim kin ɛp yu fɔ mek sɔm kayn we fɔ ɛp fɔ mɛn dɛn sik ya. ``Early intervention services`` de fɔ ɛp yu pikin fɔ lan, ɛn ivin ``sɔpɔt grup`` de fɔ ɛp yu famili ɛn yu pikin fɔ gɛt sakrifays.

Impɔtant tin dɛn fɔ mɛmba (Take-Home Message) .

Okay, so lɛ wi sɔma sɔm pan di tin dɛn we yu nid fɔ mɛmba frɔm wetin wi dɔn tɔk bɔt:

• Maykroftalmia na we wan ɔ ɔl tu di yay dɛn smɔl pas aw i fɔ bi. Anophthalmia na we wan ɔ ɔl tu yay nɔ de. Dis na tin dεm we de apin we dεn bכn am .
• Pan ɔl we dɛn nɔ no di rayt tin we kin mek dis apin, di tin dɛn we de apin to pɔsin in jɛnɛtiks ɛn di tin dɛn we de apin na di say we i de, kin ɛp fɔ du sɔntin.
• dεn kin no dis kwik kwik wan tru tεst dεm lεk כltra saund εn fetal MRI we uman bεlε.
• Pan ɔl we dɛn nɔ kin ebul fɔ chenj nyu yay, wi kin ɛp pipul dɛn fɔ liv fayn wit dɛn kɔndishɔn ya tru ``Kɔnfɔma'', ``Prostɛtik yay'', ɔpreshɔn, ɛn spɛshal sɔpɔt savis .
• If yu gɛt wɛlbɔdi we yu gɛt bɛlɛ ɛn fala di advays we dɔktɔ gi yu, dat kin ɛp fɔ mek yu nɔ gɛt dɛn kayn sik ya te to sɔm mak.
• If yu ɔ yu pikin gɛt dis sik, nɔ panik . If spɛshal mɛdikal tim de sɔpɔt yu, di lɔv fɔ di famili, ɛn di rayt we fɔ de kia fɔ yu pikin, i go ebul fɔ liv fayn layf.

A op se dis infɔmeshɔn go ɛp yu. If yu gɛt ɛni ɔda kwɛstyɔn, mek shɔ se yu tɔk to yu dɔktɔ.

` maykroftalmia, anoftalmia, di ay kɔndishɔn we dɛn bɔn wit, smɔl yay, yay we nɔ de, bɔn difrɛns, pikin ɔftalmɔlɔji