Omanyi ku nsengeka eno eyeewuunyisa mu bulago bwo? (Cervical Spine) Ka twogere!

Wali weebuuzizzaako engeri ensingo yo gyeri enkulu, engeri gye yakolebwamu mu ngeri ey’ekitalo? Lowooza, okukuuma omutwe gwo nga gugoloddwa, okutunula okwetoloola, okutunula waggulu, okutunula wansi, okunyeenya omutwe okugamba nti "yes", okunyeenya omutwe okuva ku ludda olumu okudda ku lulala okugamba nti "nedda"... bino byonna biyambibwako ensengeka eno enzibu mu bulago bwo. Leero tugenda kwogera ku kitundu eky’okungulu eky’omugongo gwo, ekimanyiddwa mu by’obujjanjabi nga omugongo gw’omumwa gwa nnabaana . Kiringa ekyewuunyo kya yinginiya eky’omubiri gwaffe!

Omugongo gw’omumwa gwa nnabaana kye ki?

Mu ngeri ennyangu, ekitundu ky’omugongo gwo mu bulago kiyitibwa omugongo gw’omumwa gwa nnabaana. Kikolebwa amagumba amatono musanvu nga gatumbidde waggulu ku bulala. Amagumba gano gayitibwa vertebrae . Ziweereddwa ennamba C1 okutuuka ku C7.

Kilowoozeeko ng’omunaala gwa bulooka z’ebintu eby’okuzannyisa, naye kizibu nnyo era kya maanyi.

Ebibiri ebisooka ku mugongo guno omusanvu (C1 ne C2) bya njawulo katono.

• C1 vertebra: Kino era kiyitibwa Atlas . Jjukira Atlas okuva mu nfumo z’Abayonaani, eyakwata ensi ku bibegabega bye? Nga ye, eggumba lino liyamba okukwata omutwe gwo waggulu. Kikoleddwa ng’empeta, ng’ekiwanirizi wansi w’ekiwanga kyo.
• C2 vertebra: Kino kiyitibwa Axis . Wano we wava atlaasi ya C1. Bw'onyenya omutwe okuva ku ludda olumu okudda ku lulala okugamba nti "nedda," atlas erabika ng'ekyukakyuka ku kisenge kino. Tekyewuunyisa?

Omugongo guno, okuva ku C1 okutuuka ku C7, guyungibwa ku ndala emabega n’ennyondo ez’enjawulo eziyitibwa facet joints . Ennyondo zino zikusobozesa okufukamira ensingo yo mu maaso, emabega n’okugikyusa okuva ku ludda olumu okudda ku lulala.

Waliwo ebinywa bingi, obusimu, emisuwa, n’emisuwa egy’omugongo guno ogw’omumwa gwa nnabaana. Ate era, omugongo ogumu bwe guba waggulu ku mulala, wakati wabyo waliwo ekintu ekiyitibwa intervertebral discs . Bino biringa ebyuma ebikuba encukwe mu mmotoka. Kwe kugamba, zinyiga okukankana okujja mu bulago ne ziremesa omugongo okutomeragana.

Ekirala ekikulu kiri nti okuyita ku mugongo gwo gwonna, okuva mu bulago okukka wansi, wakati we wali omugongo . Omugongo guno gwe gutambuza obubaka okuva mu bwongo okutuuka mu mubiri gwonna, n’obubaka obuva mu mubiri okudda mu bwongo. Kiringa ekkubo ly’amawulire erikulu mu mubiri gwaffe.

Mirimu ki emikulu egy’omugongo gw’omumwa gwa nnabaana?

Wadde nga kiyinza okulabika ng’ekitono, obuweereza obuweebwa omugongo gw’omumwa gwa nnabaana nnene nnyo.

1. Okukuuma omugongo: Nga bwe twagambye emabegako, omugongo guyita mu mugongo. Waliwo ekituli ekinene wakati mu buli mugongo, ekiyitibwa vertebral foramen.Ebituli bino byonna bwe bikwatagana, bikola ttanka. Omugongo guyita mu ttanka eyo. Kale, omugongo gw’omumwa gwa nnabaana guwa obukuumi obulungi eri ekitundu ky’omugongo mu bulago.

2. Awagira omutwe era asobozesa okutambula: Omutwe ogwa wakati guzitowa wakati wa pawundi 10 ne 13 (kkiro nga 4.5 ne 6). Obuzito buno buwagirwa omugongo gw’omumwa gwa nnabaana. Si ekyo kyokka, naye osobola n’okufukamira ensingo yo mu maaso (flexion) , emabega (extension) , okugikyusa okuva ku ludda olumu okudda ku lulala (rotation) , oba okugifukamira ku ludda okutu kwo ne kukwata ku kibegabega kyo (lateral flexion) . Ekitundu kino kiyamba ku bino byonna.

3. Okuwa ekkubo eritali lya bulabe eri emisuwa egitwala omusaayi mu bwongo: Waliwo obutuli obutonotono mu mugongo gw’omumwa gwa nnabaana okuva ku C1 okutuuka ku C6. Okuyita mu bituli bino, emisuwa egiyitibwa vertebral arteries gitambuza omusaayi mu bwongo. Kino kye kitundu kyokka eky’omugongo gwonna ekirimu ebituli mu ggumba emisuwa mwe giyita.

Lowooza ku bulago bwo ng’enkulungo erimu emirimu mingi. Ku ludda olumu, omutwe gwo gukutte waggulu, ate ku ludda olulala, gutambuza obubaka obukulu n’omusaayi okutuuka ku bwongo, byonna nga bwe gubukuuma!

Bitundu ki ebirala ebikulu ebigonvu ebiriraanye omugongo gw’omumwa gwa nnabaana?

Si mugongo gwokka, naye ebintu ebirala bingi ebikwatagana n’enkola eno.

Ebinywa

Waliwo ebinywa ebikulu ebiwerako ebiyamba mu kutambula kw’ensingo n’okutebenkera:

• Sternocleidomastoid: Kino kinywa kiva emabega w’okutu okutuuka mu maaso g’ensingo ku njuyi zombi ez’ensingo. Kye kikola ng’okyusa omutwe okuva ku ludda olumu okudda ku lulala n’ositula ekirevu.
• Trapezius: Bino binywa bibiri ebirina enjuyi essatu. Zidduka okuva wansi w’ekiwanga, wansi mu bulago, okuyita ku mugongo gw’ekifuba, ne zeekwata ku bibegabega. Ziyamba okusitula omutwe waggulu, okufukamira ensingo emabega, okukyusa omutwe ku ddyo ne kkono, n’okusitula katono ebibegabega.
• Levator scapulae: Ekinywa kino kyesibye ku mugongo gwa nnabaana ana ogusooka ne waggulu ku kibegabega. Kiyamba okusitula ekibegabega, okulengejja omutwe ku bbali, n’okukyusa omutwe.
• Erector spinae: Kino kibinja ky’ebinywa ebiyamba okukuuma enyimirira nga yeegolodde, okukyusakyusa ensingo n’okugifukamira emabega.
• Deep cervical flexors: Zino ziddukira wansi mu maaso g’omugongo gw’omumwa gwa nnabaana. Ziyamba okufukamira ensingo mu maaso n’okutebenkeza omugongo gw’omumwa gwa nnabaana.
• Ebinywa ebiyitibwa Suboccipital muscles: Bino bibiri bibiri bibiri. Zigatta waggulu w’omugongo gw’omumwa gwa nnabaana ku musingi gw’ekiwanga. Ziyamba okulengejja n’okuzza omutwe emabega.

Emisuwa gy’emisuwa

Emisuwa giringa bbandi ezigatta amagumba awamu ne ziyamba okukuuma omugongo gw’omumwa gwa nnabaana nga gunywevu. Waliwo emisuwa emikulu esatu:

• Anterior longitudinal ligament: Kino kiva wansi w’ekiwanga wansi mu maaso g’omugongo gw’omumwa gwa nnabaana. Kigolola ng’ensingo efukamidde emabega.
• Posterior longitudinal ligament: Kino kitandikira ku mugongo gwa C2 ne kiddukira wansi emabega w’omugongo gw’omumwa gwa nnabaana. Kigolola ng’ensingo efukamidde mu maaso.
• Ligamentum flava: Omusuwa guno gubikka emabega munda mu buli mugongo, okuyita mu kkubo ly’omugongo. Kikuuma omugongo okuva emabega.

Disiki eziri wakati w’omugongo

Nga bwe twagambye emabegako, zino ze "shock absorber cushions" wakati w'omugongo. Waliwo disiki mukaaga ku zino wakati w’omugongo omusanvu ogw’omumwa gwa nnabaana. Zinyiga puleesa n’okusika omuguwa okutuuka mu bulago, era zikuyamba n’okufukamira n’okukyusa ensingo mu ngeri ennyangu ng’okola emirimu.

Obusimu obuyitibwa nerves

Obusimu munaana buva wakati wa buli pair y’omugongo gw’omumwa gwa nnabaana nga buyita mu busenge obutonotono (foramen). Zino ziwandiikibwako C1 okutuuka ku C8. Obusimu buno bufuga entambula y’ebinywa mu bulago, ekibegabega, mu mukono, n’omukono, awamu n’okuwa omuntu okuwulira mu bitundu ebyo.

• Obusimu bwa C1, C2, C3: Fuga entambula y’omutwe n’ensingo okuva mu maaso, emabega, n’okuva ku ludda olumu. Obusimu bwa C2 buwa okuwulira waggulu ku mutwe, ate obusimu bwa C3 buwa okuwulira ku mabbali ga ffeesi n’emabega w’omutwe.
• Obusimu bwa C4: Bufuga entambula y’ekibegabega waggulu. Era y’emu ku busimu obufuga ekisenge ky’omubiri ekikuyamba okussa. C4 eyamba ebitundu by’ensingo, ebibegabega n’emikono egya waggulu okuwulira.
• Obusimu bwa C5: Bufuga ebinywa bya deltoid ne biceps z’ekibegabega. Awa okuwulira okuva waggulu ku mukono ogwa waggulu okutuuka ku nkokola.
• Obusimu bwa C6: Bufuga ebinywa ebiwanvuya engalo, era yeenyigira mu kufuga biceps. Awa okuwulira ku ludda lw’omukono ogw’omu maaso n’engalo ensajja ey’omukono.
• Obusimu bwa C7: Bufuga ebinywa ebiyitibwa triceps ne wrist flexor muscles. Awa okuwulira okuyita emabega w’omukono okutuuka ku lunwe olwa wakati.
• Obusimu bwa C8: Bufuga engalo. Awa okuwulira ku ludda lw’engalo entono ey’omukono n’omukono ogw’omu maaso.

Omugongo gw’omugongo

Kino kibinja kya busimu ekidduka okuva mu kitundu ekya wansi eky’obwongo okukka wansi nga kiyita mu mubiri. Okuyita mu mugongo guno obubaka mwe buwanyisiganyizibwa wakati w’obwongo n’ebinywa bye twayogeddeko emabegako.

Endwadde ki eziyinza okubaawo mu mugongo gw’omumwa gwa nnabaana?

Ebizibu bisobola okubaawo mu nsengeka enzibu bwetyo? Yee, endwadde ez’enjawulo zisobola okubeerawo mu mugongo gw’omumwa gwa nnabaana, mu bitundu ebigonvu ebigyetoolodde, n’obusimu. Totya, kikulu okubeera nga omanyi bino.

• Cervical Radiculopathy: Embeera ereetebwa okunyigirizibwa kw’ekikolo ky’obusimu olw’omugongo gw’omumwa gwa nnabaana. Okuzirika, okubulwa okuwulira, okunafuwa, n’obulumi biyinza okubaawo. Obubonero buno buyinza okuba nga bukoma mu bulago oba buyinza okukka wansi ku mukono gwonna, omukono n’engalo. Kino kisobola...Era eyitibwa obusimu obunywezeddwa.
• Obulumi mu bulago: Kino kizibu kya bulijjo eri abantu bangi. Obulumi mu bulago buyinza okuva ku buzibu n’embeera ez’enjawulo. Endwadde ezivunda (e.g., osteoarthritis , spinal stenosis , herniated disc , pinched nerve), whiplash, stress, okukola ennyo mu mubiri, okuyimirira obubi, ebizimba, ebizimba, bone spurs, meningitis , rheumatoid arthritis , ne kookolo byonna bisobola okuleeta obulumi mu bulago.
• Obulwadde bwa Cervical Degenerative Disk Disease: Okuvunda kw'obusimu obuyitibwa "shock absorber" discs mu mugongo gw'omumwa gwa nnabaana.
• Herniated Disc: Okukutuka oba okukulukuta mu disiki wakati w’omugongo.
• Cervical Osteophytes / Bone spurs: Okukula kw’amagumba okw’enjawulo ku mugongo gwonna ku musanvu ogw’omumwa gwa nnabaana.
• Obulwadde bwa Cervical Spondylosis: Era buyitibwa "neck arthritis," buno kwe kwonooneka mpolampola kw'omugongo n'ennyondo mu mugongo gw'omumwa gwa nnabaana n'emyaka.
• Obuvune bw’omugongo gw’omumwa gwa nnabaana: Okwonooneka kw’omugongo gw’omumwa gwa nnabaana. Obuvune buno butera okuva ku kukubwa okw’amangu era okw’amaanyi.
• Cervical Spinal Fracture: Okumenya omugongo. Omuntu alina obulwadde bw’amagumba asobola okumenya-okusereba olw’obuvune obutonotono, gamba ng’okumenya olw’okunyigirizibwa, okumenya amagumba, oba akabenje k’emmotoka oba okugwa okuva ku buwanvu.
• Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy: Puleesa ku mugongo mu kitundu ky’omumwa gwa nnabaana. Ekisinga okuvaako kino kwe kuvunda kw’amagumba g’omugongo, nga guno gwe bulwadde bw’amagumba.
• Cervical Stenosis: Okufunda kw’omukutu gw’omugongo mu kitundu ky’omumwa gwa nnabaana. Ekifo bwe kikendeera, omugongo oba obusimu obugufuluma busobola okunyigirizibwa oba okunyiga.
• Ebizimba by’omugongo mu nnabaana ne kookolo: Okukula kw’ebitundu ebitali bya bulijjo munda mu mugongo. Bino biyinza okuba ebitali bya kookolo (benign) oba kookolo (malignant).
• Obulwadde bw’okuzimba omutwe: Yinfekisoni y’obusimu obuyitibwa meninges, ekibikka ekikuuma okwetooloola obwongo n’omugongo.
• Osteomyelitis: Obulwadde bwa bakitiriya oba ffene mu magumba, mu mbeera eno omugongo gw’omugongo. Singa tebujjanjabwa, omugongo guyinza okufa.

Endwadde zino zizuulibwa zitya?

Bw’oba ​​olina ekizibu mu bulago, omusawo ajja kusooka kukubuuza ku byafaayo by’obujjanjabi bwo, eddagala ly’omira, akubuuze ku bubonero bwo, akukebere omubiri, n’oluvannyuma alagire okukeberebwa kwonna okwetaagisa n’okunoonyereza ku bifaananyi.

Kino kiyinza okuli:

• CT scan (Computed Tomography (CT) scan): Kino kikozesa X-ray ne kompyuta okutwala "slices" ennyimpi ennyo ez'ekitundu ekikeberebwa. Kisobola okutunuulira enkula, obunene, ebirimu mu mulyango gw’omugongo, n’amagumba agagyetoolodde. Kiyinza okuyamba okuzuula ebintu ng’amagumba agayitibwa spurs, osteophytes, bone fusion, n’okusaanawo kw’amagumba okuva ku yinfekisoni oba ebizimba.
• MRI scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Eno ekozesa magineeti ennene, amayengo ga leediyo, ne kompyuta okufulumya ebifaananyi ebikwata ku mugongo.Esobola okuzuula obuzibu obuli mu mugongo n’obusimu obufuluma mu mugongo, gamba ng’okuvunda kw’omugongo, okuseerera disiki (disk herniation), yinfekisoni, n’ebizimba.
• X-rays: Ekozesa obusannyalazo obutonotono okukuba ebifaananyi by’amagumba n’ebitundu ebigonvu. Basobola okukebera oba bamenyese, obuzibu mu binywa, omugongo tegukwatagana bulungi, n’endwadde z’enkizi.
• Electromyogram (EMG) ne Nerve Conduction Studies: EMG yeetegereza obulamu n’enkola y’obusimu n’ebinywa. Okunoonyereza ku kutambuza obusimu kupima amangu empewo y’amasannyalaze gy’etambulamu mu busimu. Ebigezo bino bisobola okuyamba okuzuula oba waliwo obusimu okwonooneka n’obusimu we bunyigirizibwa.
• Myelogram: Okugezesebwa kuno okw’okukuba ebifaananyi kwekenneenya enkolagana eriwo wakati w’omugongo n’omugongo, omugongo, n’ensengeka y’obusimu obufuluma mu mugongo. Kiyinza okulaga singa ekintu, gamba ng’ekizimba, ekizimba ky’amagumba, oba ekizimba, kinyigiriza omugongo, obusimu oba emirandira gy’obusimu, ne kireeta obulumi, okuzirika oba okunafuwa.

Bujjanjabi ki eriwo ku buzibu bw’omugongo gw’omumwa gwa nnabaana?

Waliwo obujjanjabi obutali bwa kulongoosa n’obulongoosa ku mbeera ezisinga ez’omugongo gw’omumwa gwa nnabaana. Enkola y’obujjanjabi gy’olonda ejja kusinziira ku kivaako embeera eno n’obuzibu bwayo.

Obujjanjabi obutali bwa kulongoosa kye ki?

Ku bulumi bw’ensingo obutava ku kabenje oba ekizimba, omusawo ayinza okusooka okukuwa amagezi ku bujjanjabi obutaliimu nnyo.

• Okuwummula.
• Ice oba compress eyokya.
• Enkokola y’omumwa gwa nnabaana ennyogovu: Enkokola eyamba ensingo era ekoma ku ntambula.
• Okwewala okukola emirimu gy’omubiri egy’amaanyi oba egy’okusajjula obulwadde.
• Obujjanjabi bw’omubiri.
• Eddagala: Eddagala eriweweeza ku binywa, eriweweeza ku bulumi (e.g. paracetamol), n’eriziyiza okuzimba (e.g. ibuprofen, naproxen).
• Empiso za steroid:Waliwo ebika bibiri eby’empiso za steroid eziyinza okulowoozebwako ku bulumi mu bulago ne/oba omukono. Cervical epidural block y’eyo empiso ya steroid mwe efukibwa mu kifo ekyetoolodde omugongo (ekifo ky’omugongo). Cervical facet joint block y’eyo steroid mwe bafuyira mu capsule y’ekiwanga ekitono ekisobozesa omugongo okutambula.
• Medical branch block and radiofrequency ablation: Obujjanjabi buno bulowoozebwako mu mbeera ezimu ez’obulumi bw’ensingo obutawona. Okusooka, eddagala eribudamya mu kitundu liteekebwa mu busimu obukwatagana n’ekiwanga ekiyitibwa facet joint eky’omugongo. Singa obulumi bwo bukendeera, ekiddako kwe kutebenkeza obulumi. Kino kikolebwa nga okwonoona obusimu n’enkola eyitibwa radiofrequency ablation. Obulumi buno bumala emyezi. Singa obusimu buddamu okukula, obulumi busobola okuddamu.

Ntegeera ntya oba nsaanira okulongoosebwa omugongo gw’omumwa gwa nnabaana?

Oyinza okuba n’ebisaanyizo okulongoosebwa singa:

• Singa obujjanjabi obulala tebuwa buweerero.
• Singa obubonero bwo obukwata ku mugongo, emikono ne/oba amagulu bwoyongera.
• Bw’oba ​​oli mulamu bulungi okusobola okulongoosebwa.

Biki ebiyinza okulongoosebwa ku mbeera z’omugongo gw’omumwa gwa nnabaana?

Waliwo obukodyo bw’okulongoosa obuwerako obutera okukozesebwa:

Okulongoosa okukendeeza ku buzito bw’omugongo mu nnabaana

Kino kigambo kya bulijjo. Mulimu enkola ez’enjawulo ezikozesebwa okumalawo obubonero obuva ku puleesa (okunyigirizibwa) ku mugongo oba emirandira gy’obusimu.

• Cervical diskectomy: Omusawo alongoosa aggyawo ekitundu ku disiki okumalawo puleesa ku bikoola by’obusimu ebiriraanyewo.
• Cervical laminotomy oba laminectomy: Mu nkola zino, omusawo alongoosa aggyawo akatundu akatono ku bbugumu ly’amagumba (lamina) ery’omukutu gw’omugongo. Mu laminotomy, ekitundu kitono kyokka ekya lamina kye kiggyibwamu. Mu kulongoosa laminectomy, lamina yonna eggyibwamu, wamu n’amagumba gonna agakula, ebitundu bya disiki, n’emisuwa egy’amaanyi, bwe kiba kyetaagisa. Okuggyawo lamina kyongera ekifo mu mulyango gw’omugongo n’okukendeeza ku puleesa.
• Cervical foraminotomy oba foraminectomy: Enkola zino zombi zikolebwa okugaziya ebifo ebiggule emirandira gy’obusimu mwe gifuluma mu mugongo. Amagumba agamu gaggyibwamu mu kitundu ekyo. Mu kulongoosa amagumba amangi, gaggyibwamu amagumba amangi.
• Okusala omumwa gwa nnabaana: Mu kulongoosa kuno, omusawo aggyawo omubiri gw’omugongo (ekitundu ekinene eky’omu maaso eky’omugongo) ne disiki okumalawo puleesa ku mugongo. Oluusi, omugongo olwo ne gugattibwa wamu okutebenkeza omugongo gw’omumwa gwa nnabaana.

Okulongoosa Okukyusa Disiki y’omumwa gwa nnabaana

Kino kizingiramu okuggyawo ekisenge ky’omumwa gwa nnabaana ekirwadde n’okikyusa n’ossaamu disiki ey’ekikugu. Kino kitera okukolebwa okujjanjaba okuvunda kw’obusimu bw’omumwa gwa nnabaana.

Okuyungibwa kw’omugongo mu nnabaana

Eno nkola ya kulongoosa egatta enkalakkalira omugongo gumu oba okusingawo ogw’omumwa gwa nnabaana. Kino kimalawo entambula wakati w’omugongo.

Functional Electrical Stimulation ku Buvune bw'omugongo

Enkola eno ekozesa obuuma obutono obw’amasannyalaze okukola ebinywa n’obusimu ebitongole, okuzzaawo emirimu gy’ebinywa by’omubiri ebya waggulu ebifugibwa obusimu bw’omumwa gwa nnabaana.

Kisoboka okulongoosebwa omugongo gw’omumwa gwa nnabaana nga tekuyingirira nnyo?

Yogerako n’omusawo akulongoosa. Emirundi mingi, okulongoosa omugongo mu ngeri etali ya maanyi nnyo kuyinza okukolebwa. Mu kifo ky’okusala olususu olunene nga bwe kiri mu kulongoosa okw’ekinnansi okuggule, okulongoosa okutali kwa maanyi kukolebwa nga bayita mu kusala okutono okumu oba okusingawo. Olw’okuba enkola eno ekolebwa nga bayita mu bitundu ebitonotono, okwonooneka okutono ennyo ku binywa n’ebitundu ebigonvu okusinga okusalako omulundi gumu omuwanvu.

N’ekisembayo, ebintu by’olina okujjukira (Obubaka bw’okutwala awaka) .

Kale, kati omanyi bingi ku mugongo guno ogw’omumwa gwa nnabaana ogw’ekyewuunyo mu bulago bwo.

Mu ngeri ennyangu, omugongo gwo ogw’omumwa gwa nnabaana kye kitundu ky’ensingo y’omugongo gwo. Kikolebwa omugongo omusanvu ogusooka (C1-C7). Kirimu ebitundu byo ebiri wakati w’omugongo, omugongo, n’obusimu, ebinywa, emisuwa n’emisuwa.

Kino kiwagira obuzito bw’omutwe gwo, kikuyamba okutambuza omutwe gwo mu makubo ag’enjawulo, n’okukuuma omugongo gwo. Wadde ng’embeera nnyingi zisobola okukosa kino, ekirungi, waliwo enkola nnyingi ezitali za kulongoosa n’ez’okulongoosa ezisobola okukozesebwa okujjanjaba embeera zino.

Bw’oba ​​olina obuzibu oba obulumi mu bulago, kirungi okugenda ew’omusawo akuwe amagezi okusinga okububuusa amaaso. Sigala nga oli mulamu bulungi!

` Omugongo gw’omumwa gwa nnabaana, Obulumi mu bulago, Omugongo, Omugongo, Neurology, Vertebrae