Wali okozeeko eddagala eribudamya mu kitundu okuggyamu erinnyo, okutunga ekiwundu oba okulongoosebwa akatono? Ate olwo n’omala kuwulira ng’ozirika ate nga tewali kigenda mu maaso? Kiyinza okuwulikika ng’ekyewuunyisa naye eddagala lino eribudamya kintu kikulu nnyo mu ddagala. Naye, si bulijjo nnyo, kwe kugamba, si bulijjo nnyo, eddagala lino eribudamya liyinza okuleeta obuzibu obutono eri omubiri gwaffe. Ekyo kye tuyita Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity , oba LAST . Tofaayo, kino tekitera kubaawo nnyo. Naye kirungi okumanya katono ku nsonga eno.
Kale kiki ekisembayo (Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity)?
Mu ngeri ennyangu, LAST y’engeri eddagala bwe limira, gye lirina ku nkola z’omubiri gwaffe naddala Central Nervous System (CNS), nga eno ye bwongo n’omugongo, ne Cardiovascular System, nga eno ye mutima n’emisuwa.
Lowooza ku ngeri eddagala eriweweeza ku bulumi gye likola. Zizibira obusimu (peripheral nerves) mu kitundu ekimu eky’omubiri gwaffe okumala akaseera. Olwo obusimu obwo ne bulekera awo okusindika obuwulize ng’obulumi ne bukwata ku bwongo. Y’ensonga lwaki tuwulira nga tuli tingly mu kitundu ekyo. Eddagala lino eriweweeza ku bulumi lijja mu ngeri y’empiso, ggelu n’okufuuyira.
Kale, LAST ebaawo mu ddakiika ntono ng’omaze okumira eddagala eriweweeza ku bulumi. Naye ekisinga obulungi, waliwo obujjanjabi ku kino. Singa omusawo alaba obubonero buno, ajja kukola mangu.
Bubonero ki obwa LAST? Tukitegeera tutya?
LAST okusinga ekosa obusimu bwaffe obw’omu makkati (CNS). Obubonero obusooka buyinza okuba:
Obubonero obukwata ku nkola y’obusimu obw’omu makkati (CNS):
- Okukonziba: Buno bwe bubonero obusinga okulabika. Waliwo okukonziba okw’amangu n’okubulwa amagezi.
- Okutabulwa oba okutabulwa: Obutasobola kusigala ng’osirise, obutasobola kwemalira ku kintu kyonna, n’obutategeera bigenda mu maaso.
- Enkyukakyuka mu matu: Okuwuuma buli kiseera mu matu (Tinnitus) .
- Okuzirika okwetooloola akamwa: Okuzirika okwetooloola akamwa, ng’omusawo w’amannyo bw’akuba eddagala.
- Obuwoomi obw’ekyuma mu kamwa: Buwooma ng’akatundu k’ekyuma mu kamwa.
- Okwogera okutali kwa maanyi (Dysarthria): Ebigambo bifuuka biwujjo era ne kizibu okwogera obulungi.
- Okulaba ebirooto: Okulaba oba okuwulira ebintu ebitaliiwo ddala.
- Obutabeera bulungi mu ntambula y’amaaso: Amaaso gatambula nga tegafugibwa, nga galabika nga gatambula okuva ku ludda olumu okudda ku lulala.
Obubonero obukwata ku nkola y’emisuwa gy’omutima:
Embeera ESEMBEYO nayo esobola okukosa omutima gwaffe. Olwo obubonero nga buno buyinza okulabika:
- Puleesa eya wansi:Puleesa egenda ekendeera.
- Enkyukakyuka mu kukuba kw’omutima: Omutima guyinza okuba nga gukuba mpola nnyo (Bradycardia) , okutambula amangu ennyo (Tachycardia) , oba omutima obutakuba bulungi (Arrhythmias) .
- Okussa obubi (Dyspnea): Okukaluubirirwa okussa, okuwunya.
- Omutima okusiba: Okukoma kw’amasannyalaze g’omutima mu bwangu. Kino kiyinza okuva ku kufiirwa ddala emirimu gy’amasannyalaze mu mutima (asystole) , oba obutoffaali bw’omutima okukuba amangu ennyo era mu ngeri etali ya bulijjo (ventricular fibrillation) .
Ekikulu: Singa tebajjanjabwa mangu, LAST eyinza okuvaako okussa okusiba oba okukoma .
Obubonero buno butera okulabika mu ddakiika ttaano ng’omaze okumira eddagala eriweweeza ku bulumi. Oluusi obubonero buno busobola okutandika obutono ennyo ne bweyongera mpolampola, oba buyinza okufuuka obw’amaanyi mu bwangu. Eno y’ensonga lwaki abasawo bajja kukulondoola nnyo oluvannyuma lw’okukuwa eddagala eriweweeza ku bulumi naddala ng’oli mu bulabe bwa maanyi okufuna obulwadde bwa LAST.
Lwaki kino SESEMBEYO okubaawo? Ensonga ze ziruwa?
Ekisinga okuvaako LAST kwe kukuba empiso y’eddagala eriweweeza ku bulumi mu misuwa mu butanwa. Lowooza ku kino, eddagala eriweweeza ku bulumi liteekeddwa okuteekebwa okumpi n’obusimu. Naye oluusi singa guyingira mu musuwa, eddagala lino liyinza okusaasaana amangu mu mubiri gwonna ne lireeta embeera eno.
Kigambibwa nti obulabe bwa LAST okubeerawo nga okola nerve blocks eziziba ebitundu by’omubiri buba nga 20%. Kyokka, bino si bye byokka:
- LAST era ekoleddwa ng'eddagala erissiddwa ku lususu nga lisiigibwa ku lususu mu ngeri ya gel .
- LAST era evudde ku ddagala erinyiiza obuwuka obuyitibwa mucous membranes obw’omu kamwa, emimiro n’emikutu gy’empewo .
Kino kitegeeza nti LAST esobola okubaawo ne bw’okozesa otya eddagala eriweweeza ku bulumi. Kyokka, ensonga ezimu zongera ku bulabe buno.
Ani ali mu bulabe obw’amaanyi obw’okulwala LAST? (Ensonga ezireeta akabi)
Ebintu ebimu ebikwata ku mbeera y’obulamu bwo biyinza okwongera ku bulabe bwo obw’okulwala LAST.
Ebintu ebiyinza okuleeta akabi ebikwata ku bulamu bwo:
- Metabolic acidosis: Bbalansi y’eddagala mu mubiri bw’ekyuka ate asidi ne yeeyongera.
- Omukka gwa oxygen omutono mu mubiri (Hypoxia): Omuwendo gwa oxygen mu musaayi bwe gukendeera.
- Obulwadde bw’omutima obwaliwo edda: Naddala abo abalina embeera nga ischemia , arrhythmias , conduction abnormalities , ne ejection fraction entono .
- Abantu abasukka mu myaka 65:Ate era, abalongo abali wansi w’emyezi 4 bali mu bulabe bwa maanyi obw’okufuna LAST.
- Obulwadde bw’ekibumba oba ekibumba: Abantu abalina embeera zino bayinza okulwawo okusembayo kubanga kitwala ekiseera ekiwanvu eddagala okuva mu mubiri.
- Okufuna olubuto.
- Endwadde za mitochondrial: Zino ndwadde ezikwata ebitundu by’obutoffaali bwaffe ebikola amaanyi ebiyitibwa mitochondria.
Ebintu eby’obulabe ebikwatagana n’eddagala lya Hiri:
Eddagala erimu eribudamya, nga bupivacaine , litera okuleeta LAST okusinga endala. Ate era, akabi keyongera ng’eddagala eribudamya liweereddwa mu ddoozi esingako .
Ebintu eby’obulabe ebikwatagana n’enkola y’eddagala eriweebwa mu kamwa:
Enkola ezimu ez’okugaba eddagala eriweweeza ku bulumi nazo ziyinza okwongera ku bulabe bw’okulwala LAST. Okunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku balwadde 125 aba LAST kwazudde nti:
- Obukodyo bw’okuyingira mu mubiri (infiltration techniques) y’enkola eddagala mwe lifukibwa wansi w’olususu. Kino kikola ebitundu nga 20% ku balwadde abasembayo.
- Central neuraxial blocks, nga epidural ne caudal blocks, ziweebwa omugongo. Zikola ebitundu nga 15% ku balwadde bonna abaloopebwa.
- Ebitundu nga 13% bibadde bitegeezeddwa olw’okufuyira eddagala eriweweeza ku bulumi obutasalako, gamba ng’omunnyo .
N’ekisembayo, LAST etera okubaawo ng’eddagala eribudamya lifukiddwa mu bitundu ebirimu emisuwa mingi . Okugeza, emisango egy’oluvannyuma gitera okuloopebwa nga bakola okuziyiza obusimu bw’obusajja .
Abasawo bazuula batya obulwadde bwa LAST? (Okuzuula obulwadde)
Abasawo bazuula LAST okusinga okusinziira ku bubonero bwo . Olw’okuba LAST mbeera ya mangu eyeetaaga obujjanjabi obw’amangu, okuzuula obulwadde tekuyinza kulwawo. Tekitera nnyo, omusawo wo ayinza okulagira EKG (electrocardiogram) okuyamba okukakasa kino.
Bujjanjabi ki obwa LAST?
Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity mbeera ya mangu mu by’obujjanjabi. N’olwekyo abasawo bajja kutandika obujjanjabi mu bwangu ddala. Enzijanjaba eza bulijjo ze zino wammanga:
- Enzirukanya y’emikutu gy’empewo: Obujjanjabi bwa okisigyeni buweebwa mangu okukuuma okussa kwo, ate bwe kiba kyetaagisa buweebwa empewo.
- Okwetangira oba okujjanjaba okukonziba: Kino kizingiramu okuwa eddagala nga benzodiazepines .
- IV infusion of lipid emulsion: Lino ddagala lya njawulo eriweebwa mu musuwa . Kikola nga kinyiga eddagala eriweweeza ku bulumi okuva mu musaayi n’ebitundu by’omubiri. Kino kikendeeza ku bungi bw’eddagala eriweweeza ku bulumi erituuka ku bwongo n’omutima.
- CPR (Okuzuukusa omutima n’amawuggwe):Singa LAST ekosa enkola y’omutima, abasawo bakola CPR ne bakozesa enkola endala okutebenkeza omutima.
Oluvannyuma lw’obujjanjabi, ojja kukuumibwa ng’otunuuliddwa abasawo okumala waakiri essaawa mukaaga okukebera oba obujjanjabi buno butuuse bulungi era oba waliwo ebizibu ebirala.
Kiki ekigenda okutuuka ku muntu alina LAST? (Okuteebereza)
Abo abazuulibwa ne bajjanjabwa nga bukyali ebiseera ebisinga bavaamu ebirungi. Obujjanjabi busobola okusinga okuzzaawo enkulaakulana ya LAST.
Wabula singa LAST ey’amaanyi tejjanjabibwa mangu, eyinza okuvaako omuntu okugwa mu kkoma oba n’okufa. Kyokka kino tekitera kubaawo nnyo. Ng’ekyokulabirako, okusinziira ku biwandiiko okuva mu bifo ebifuga obutwa mu Amerika, mu 2016, abantu bana bokka abaafa olw’eddagala eriweweeza ku bulumi.
LAST esobola okuziyizibwa?
LAST bulijjo tesobola kuziyizibwa, naye abasawo bakozesa enkola n’ebiragiro ebimu okukendeeza ku bulabe buno.
Ng’ekyokulabirako, omusawo wo ajja kukozesa eddagala eriweweeza ku bulumi erisinga obutono . Ekirala, oluusi bajja kukozesa ebyuma ebikuba ebifaananyi (ultrasound imaging) okuwa empiso, okukakasa nti tegenda mu misuwa mu butanwa.
Bw’oba olina ebintu eby’obulabe ebiyinza okuvaako okulwala LAST, omusawo wo ajja kulowooza n’obwegendereza eddagala erisinga okuba ery’obukuumi, omuwendo, n’engeri gy’oyinza okuliwa.
Bw’ogenda okufuna eddagala eriweweeza ku bulumi, osanga tolowooza nnyo ku LAST. Oboolyawo osinga kweraliikirira oba empiso ejja kukuluma oba ojja kuwulira ng’oyitiridde okuzirika. Ekyo kyabulijjo, kubanga LAST tekitera kubaawo nnyo. Naye jjukira nti omusawo ajja kukulabirira bulungi oluvannyuma lw’okukuwa eddagala eriweweeza ku bulumi. Bw’ofuna obubonero bwa LAST, bujja kukola mangu.
N’ekisembayo, obubaka obutwala awaka:
Bw’oba olina ekibuuzo kyonna, ekikweraliikiriza oba ky’obuusabuusa ku ddagala lyo eribudamya, tolwawo kubuuza musawo wo. Baliwo okukuyamba. Obutwa bwa Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity (LAST) si kintu kya kutya, kuba butono nnyo era bulina obujjanjabi obulungi. Ekisinga obukulu kwe kumanya kino n’okwogera mu lwatu n’omusawo wo. Olwo osobola okwolekagana n’obujjanjabi bwonna ng’olina emirembe mu mutima.
` Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity, LAST, obutwa mu kubudamya, ebizibu ebiva mu kubudamya, enkola y’obusimu, enkola y’emisuwa gy’omutima, obubonero, obujjanjabi











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