Valiva y’omutima gwo ekulukuta katono? Ka tuyige ku Mitral Valve Regurgitation!

Oluusi kikuzibuwalira okussa mu bwangu? Oba owulira ekintu ekyewuunyisa, ekizitowa mu kifuba kyo? Oluusi owulira ng’okooye ne bw’omala okukola emirimu emitonotono? Ensonga emu lwaki ebintu ng’ebyo bibaawo eyinza okuba ekizibu ky’oluggi olutono mu mutima gwo, kwe kugamba, vvaalu. Leero tugenda kwogera ku Mitral Valve Regurgitation, nga eno mbeera bwetyo. Tofaayo, kino ka tukitegeere mu ngeri ennyangu.

Valiva eno eya mitral mu mutima kye ki? Kiki ekibaawo nga tekikola bulungi?

Mu ngeri ennyangu, mitral valve ye mulyango wakati w’ekisenge ekya waggulu (left atrium) n’ekisenge ekya wansi (left ventricle) ku ludda olwa kkono olw’omutima gwo. Kilowoozeeko ng’oluggi mu nnyumba yo. Oluggi luno lulina okugguka n’okuggalwa obulungi, ne kisobozesa omusaayi okukulukuta okuva mu kisenge ekya waggulu okudda mu kisenge ekya wansi. Olwo, oluggi luno lulina okuggalwa obulungi okusobola okusindika omusaayi okuva mu kisenge ekya wansi okutuuka ku mubiri gwo gwonna. Bwe kitaba ekyo, omusaayi gujja kutandika okukulukuta okudda mu kisenge ekya waggulu.

Naye oluusi oluggi luno teruggalwa bulungi. Nga enzigi mu mayumba gaffe oluusi tezisibira bulungi, ne zisigaza ekifo ekitono. Kino kiyinza okuba nga kiva ku buzibu ku mulyango gwennyini, kwe kugamba, ekitundu kya vvaalu. Oba kiyinza okuba nga kiva ku buzibu ku bisenge ebyetoolodde oluggi, kwe kugamba, ebisenge ebya kkono eby’omutima. Kyokka oluggi luno bwe lutaggalwa bulungi, omusaayi ogumu gukulukuta emabega, kwe kugamba, ne guyingira mu kisenge ekya waggulu. Kino kye tuyita okuddamu okutambula kwa mitral valve oba ``Mitral Regurgitation - MR''.

Kilowoozeeko nga ttaapu y’amazzi. Singa ttaapu teggalwa bulungi, amazzi gajja kukulukuta, nedda? Bwe kityo bwe kiri ku kino.

Singa okukulukuta kuno kuba kutono, ekitegeeza nti ekifo mu mulyango kiba kitono nnyo, kiyinza obutaba kizibu kinene. Omutima gwo gusobola okugukwata, n’olwekyo oyinza obutawulira njawulo yonna. Wabula singa okukulukuta kuno kuba kunene, ekitegeeza nti oluggi luggule nnyo, omutima gwo guwulira nga gunyigirizibwa nnyo. Kubanga omutima gulina okukola ennyo okusinga bulijjo okusobola okusiba omusaayi gwe gwetaaga okusindika mu maaso. Ekiseera bwe kigenda kiyitawo, omutima tegukyasobola kugumira kino, era oyinza okufuna obubonero n’ebizibu ebirala.

Embeera eno era eyitibwa:

• Obutamala valve ya Mitral (`(Obutamala valve ya Mitral)`)
• Obutasobola bulungi bwa Mitral valve
• Valiva ya mitral ekulukuta (`(Valva ya mitral ekulukuta)`)

Mu butuufu, okugwa kw’obusuwa bw’omutima (mitral valve prolapse) kye kika ky’obulwadde bw’omutima ogusinga okubeera mu nsi nga Amerika. Businga kubeera mu bakadde naddala abasukka emyaka 65.

Waliwo ebika byonna eby’okukulukuta kwa mitral valve?

Yee, okusinga waliwo ebika bibiri:

1. Okudda emabega kwa mitral okusookerwako (`(Primary mitral regurgitation)`) .: Mu mbeera eno, obuzibu buli ku vvaalu yennyini. Kiva ku kwonooneka kw’enzimba y’ekitundu kimu oba ebisingawo ku vvaalu ekigiremesa okuggalawo obulungi. Okugeza, ebipapula bya vvaalu biyinza okufuuka ebigonvu ennyo ne bitasibira bulungi, oba biyinza okugonvuwa ne bitaggalawo bulungi.

2. Secondary mitral regurgitation : Kino kiva ku mbeera endala ey’omutima ekosa ebisenge by’omutima (left atrium oba ventricle) ebiwanirira valve. Okugeza obulwadde bw’ebinywa by’omutima (cardiomyopathy) busobola okuleetera omutima okugaziwa n’okunafuwa. Enkyukakyuka zino ziyinza okuvaako vvaalu okutambula n’etaggalawo bulungi.

Ne bwe kiba kika ki eky’okukulukuta, kiyinza okuba eky’amaanyi mu bwangu (`(Acute)`), oba kiyinza okukula mpolampola okumala ekiseera (`(Chronic)`).

Bubonero ki obuyinza okubaawo singa wabaawo okukulukuta mu mitral valve?

Singa ekiwujjo kiba kitono, oyinza obutaba na bubonero bwonna. Naye okukulukuta bwe kufuuka okunene ne kutandika okukosa enkola y’omutima, akabonero akasinga okulabika kwe kussa obubi (dyspnea) . Oyinza okuwulira nga tosobola kuyingiza mpewo emala mu mawuggwe go, oba oyinza okuwulira ng’omukka gukutte ng’oyimiridde buyimiridde, ng’ogalamidde, ng’ogezaako okwebaka oba n’okukola emirimu egyangu.

Wayinza n’okubaawo obubonero obulala:

• Obulumi mu kifuba obutali bwa bulijjo.
• Okukolola.
• Okuzimba amagulu oba ebigere (`(Edema)`).
• Okuwulira nga okooye nnyo (`(Fatigue)`).
• Kiwulira ng’ozirika, naye mu butuufu tekibaawo (`(Presyncope)`).
• Okuwulira ng’omutima gwo gukyuka, ng’ekifuba kikuba (`(Heart pulpitations)`).

Obubonero buno busobola okujja mpolampola oba okutandika mu bwangu.

Kino kya mangu! Bw’ofuna obubonero buno, genda mu ddwaaliro mu bwangu!

Singa omutima gwo gukola nnyo, oyinza okufuna obubonero bw’okulemererwa kw’omutima. Bino bisobola okujja mu bwangu, n’olwekyo weegendereze obubonero buno:

• Okussa mu ddoboozi ery’omwanguka.
• Okuwulira nga oziyira.
• Okukaluubirirwa okussa ng’ogalamidde.
• Okuwulira ng’onyiga mu kifuba.
• Singa ekipima pulse oximeter awaka kiraga nti oxygen mu musaayi mutono.

Okulemererwa kw’omutima mu mbeera ey’amangu mu by’obujjanjabi omutima mwe gulekera awo okukola mu bwangu era guyinza okutta omuntu. N’olwekyo, kyetaagisa okunoonya obujjanjabi mu bwangu.

Lwaki mitral valve eno teggalawo bulungi? Ensonga ze ziruwa?

Nga bwe twayogeddeko emabegako, ekizibu kino kibaawo nga mitral valve teggadde bulungi. Valiva eno erina ebipande bibiri (ebipapula). Zigguka ne ziggalawo okusobozesa omusaayi okukulukuta okuva mu kisenge ekya waggulu okudda mu kisenge ekya wansi.

Singa obupapula buno oba ebitundu ebirala ebya vvaalu byonoonese, oba singa endwadde ez’enjawulo zireetera vvaalu obutaggala bulungi, omusaayi omutono gukulukuta emabega buli vvaalu lw’eggalawo.

Ensonga ezireeta kino zaawukana okusinziira ku kika kya MR ky’olina (primary oba secondary).

Okudda emabega kwa primary mitral valve kuyinza okuva ku:

• Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) : Kino kye kisinga okuvaako mu nsi ezaakulaakulana.
• Obulwadde bw’omutima obuva ku kifuba : Buno bwe businga okuvaako mu nsi yonna.
• Endwadde z’ebitundu ebiyunga (`(Endwadde z’ebitundu ebiyunga)`).
• Obulema bw'omutima obuzaalibwa nabwo obuyitibwa ``(Cleft mitral valve)``.
• Obulwadde bw’oluwuzi olw’omunda olw’omutima (endocarditis).
• Obulwadde bw’omutima obuva ku bujjanjabi bw’amasannyalaze (`(Radiation heart disease)`).
• Obuvune mu butanwa.

Secondary mitral valve regurgitation eyinza okuva ku:

• Obulwadde bw’omutima (ischemic cardiomyopathy) (buno bwe businga okubeerawo) buva ku kuzibikira emisuwa egigabira omutima.
• Atrial fibrillation, okukuba kw’omutima okutali kwa bulijjo.
• Dilated cardiomyopathy (obulwadde bw’ebinywa by’omutima obuleetera omutima okugaziwa awatali nsonga emanyiddwa) .
• Obulwadde obuva ku kugonza kw’ebinywa by’omutima (`(Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy)`).

Bizibu ki ebiyinza okubaawo singa embeera eno efuuka ya maanyi?

Singa tebujjanjabwa, okugwa kwa mitral valve kuyinza okutta omuntu. Bino bye bimu ku bizibu ebiyinza okuvaamu:

• Omutima gwo gutandika okukuba mu ngeri etategeerekeka (`(Atrial fibrillation)`), oluusi ekiyinza okukuviirako okusannyalala.
• Omutima gwo tegusobola kussa musaayi gumala mu mubiri (`(Heart failure)`).
• Puleesa mu misuwa egitambuza omusaayi okuva ku mutima okutuuka mu mawuggwe yeeyongera (`(Pulmonary hypertension)`).
• Omutima guyinza okulekera awo okukuba amangu (`(Sudden cardiac arrest)`).

Omusawo azuula atya obulungi obulwadde buno?

Omusawo ky’asooka okukola kwe kukukebera obulungi. Awo:

• Babuuza ku bubonero bwo n’endwadde endala z’olina.
• Bajja kukebera obubonero bwo obukulu, gamba nga puleesa yo n’okukuba kw’omukka.
• Bakebera omubiri okulaba oba teguzimba (edema).
• Ekintu ekiyitibwa stethoscope kijja kuwuliriza omutima gwo n’amawuggwe go. Singa owulira eddoboozi ly'omutima eritali lya bulijjo (``heart murmur''), kiyinza okuba akabonero k'obulwadde bwa valve.

Olwo omusawo ajja kulagira okukeberebwa okuwerako okumanya ebisingawo.

Bikebere ki ebikolebwa okuzuula obulwadde buno?

Abasawo batera okukola okukebera okuyitibwa transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) okunoonya okukulukuta mu mitral valve yo. Eno sikaani etaliimu bulumi, etali ya kuyingirira. Kiyinza okukebera oba waliwo ekintu ekikulukuta mu vvaalu yo n’obuzibu obulala ku nsengeka oba enkola y’omutima gwo. Omusawo bw’aba ayagala okutunuulira obulungi vvaalu yo, ayinza n’okukola okukebera okuyitibwa transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE).

Omusawo ayinza okulagira okukeberebwa ebirala okuzuula obuzibu bw’embeera yo n’okuteekateeka obujjanjabi. Mu bino mulimu:

• A `(CT scan)` y'omutima (`(Cardiac CT scan - computed tomography scan)`).
• `(Echocardiogram)` ekolebwa nga okola dduyiro (`(Exercise stress echocardiogram)`).
• Okukebera omutima mu MRI (magnetic resonance imaging).
• Okuteekebwamu emisuwa gy’omutima, era nga kimanyiddwa nga cardiac cath oba coronary angiogram.

Bujjanjabi ki obw’okukulukuta kwa mitral valve?

Tewali kintu kiyitibwa bujjanjabi bwa "one-size-fits-all". Abasawo bajja kulongoosa obujjanjabi okusinziira ku byetaago byo. Bajja kwetegereza bino wammanga:

• Ekika kya mitral regurgitation ky’olina (primary oba secondary).
• Obuzibu bw’embeera yo. Kiyinza okunnyonnyolwa nga omutendera A, B, C, D. D gwe mutendera ogusinga okuba ogw’amaanyi.
• Obulabe bw‟ebizibu ebiva mu kulongoosebwa.

Omusawo ajja kukunnyonnyola engeri gy’oyinza okukozesaamu obujjanjabi, omuli ebirungi n’ebibi byabwe. Kakasa nti obuuza ebibuuzo singa wabaawo ky'ototegedde. Mu ngeri eyo, osobola okusalawo mu ngeri ey’amagezi.

Mitral regurgitation y’ensonga eyookubiri esinga okulongoosa valve y’omutima mu mawanga g’amawanga g’obugwanjuba (esooka ye aortic valve stenosis).

Waliwo obujjanjabi obuwerako:

Okuddaabiriza vvaalu ya Mitral (`(Okuddaabiriza vvaalu ya Mitral)`)

Ebintu by’oyinza okulondako ku kino:

• Okulongoosa omutima oguggule.
• Okulongoosa omutima nga bakozesa obutundutundu obutonotono (`(Minimally invasive heart surgery)`).
• Mitral transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER): Mu nkola eno, omusawo akozesa ttanka empanvu era ennyimpi (catheter) okusiba akakwate akatono ku bipapula byo ebya vvaalu. Ekitundu kino kiyamba obupapula okuggalawo obulungi.

Okukyusa vvaalu ya Mitral (`(Okukyusa vvaalu ya Mitral)`)

Ebintu by’oyinza okulondako ku kino:

• Ojja kulongoosebwa omutima oguggule (`(Open-heart surgery)`) era mitral valve empya ejja kuteekebwamu. Valiva eno eyinza okuba nga ekoleddwa mu kyuma (`(mechanical)`) oba nga ekoleddwa mu bitundu by’ebisolo (`(bioprosthetic)`).
• Okukyusa obuuma obuyitibwa transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR) nkola etali ya kuyingirira nnyo.

Obujjanjabi bw’omutima okulemererwa

Kino kiyinza okuli:

• Eddagala nga eddagala erifulumya amazzi .
• Okuteekebwamu ekyuma ekiyamba ku musuwa gwa kkono (LVAD).
• Obulabirizi obukkakkanya obulumi.

Obujjanjabi bw’okusannyalala kw’emisuwa

Kino kiyinza okuli:

• Eddagala.
• Enkola.
• Okuloongoosa.

Obulamu bwange bunaaba butya singa nfuna obulwadde buno?

Ensonga nnyingi zikwata ku ngeri obulamu bwo gye bunaabeera. Okugeza nga:

• emyaka gyo.
• Olina obubonero n’obuzibu bwe butya?
• Obuzibu bw’okuvuba.
• Valiva yo esobola okuddaabirizibwa?
• Obunene bw’okwonooneka kw’omutima gwo.

Olw’okuba ebintu bino byonna bikosa embeera gy’olimu, embeera gy’olimu eyinza okuba ey’enjawulo ku ndala. Omusawo wo y’asinga okumanya engeri entuufu embeera yo gy’egenda okugenda mu maaso. Akumanyi, ebyafaayo byo eby’obujjanjabi, n’obujjanjabi obuyinza okukuyamba.

Okukulukuta kuno okwa mitral valve kweyongera mangu gatya?

Ku bantu abamu kino kigenda mu maaso mpola. Ku balala, kiyinza okukulaakulana amangu. Omusawo ajja kukubuulira embeera yo bw’eri, emirundi gy’olina okulaba omusawo okwekebejjebwa, n’engeri embeera eno gy’eyinza okukosaamu obulamu bwo.

Waliwo engeri gye tuyinza okwetangira obulwadde buno?

Kino oyinza obutasobola kukiziyiza bulijjo. Kyokka osobola okukolagana n’omusawo wo okukendeeza ku bulabe bw’okufuna endwadde z’omutima ez’enjawulo. Omusawo ajja kwekenneenya ebyafaayo by’obujjanjabi bwo n’ebintu ebiyinza okuvaako akabi era akuwe amagezi agakusaanira. Okutwaliza awamu, osobola okukola bino wammanga:

• Mukomye ddala okukozesa ebintu ebikolebwa mu taaba (nga sigala, beedis).
• Dduyiro buli kiseera.
• Lya emmere eyamba omutima.
• Kuuma omugejjo omulungi gy’oli.
• Laba omusawo waakiri omulundi gumu mu mwaka okwekebejjebwa era ozuule mangu obuzibu bwonna.
• Bw’oba ​​otera okulumwa emimiro wamu n’omusujja, oba ng’obadde n’omusujja gw’enkizi emabega, laba omusawo.

Nze nneerabirira ntya?

Bulijjo kirungi okufuga puleesa n’okulya ebibala n’enva endiirwa bingi .

Okwetaba mu nteekateeka y’okuddaabiriza omutima (`(Cardiac rehab)`) oluvannyuma lw’okulongoosebwa valve y’omutima kiyinza okukuyamba okuddamu okutandika okukola dduyiro.

Bw’oba ​​olina vvaalu empya ey’ekinnansi, ojja kwetaaga okumira eddagala oluvannyuma. Ojja kwetaaga okumira eddagala eriziyiza okuzimba omusaayi (blood thinners) obulamu bwo bwonna okuziyiza omusaayi okuzimba. Era ojja kwetaaga okumira eddagala eritta obuwuka okuziyiza endocarditis (okukwatibwa endwadde y’omutima) nga tonnaba kulongoosa mannyo n’okukeberebwa okumu okw’okussa okwa waggulu.

Ddi lwe nnina okulaba omusawo? Bibuuzo ki bye nsaanidde okubuuza?

Omusawo ajja kukubuulira emirundi gy’olina okulaba omusawo wo okwekebejjebwa. Embeera yo gy’ekoma okuba ey’amaanyi, gy’okoma okwetaaga okulaba omusawo wo n’okukeberebwa ebifaananyi (nga sikaani). Kikulu okukuuma enteekateeka zo zonna.Olwo omusawo asobola okulondoola embeera yo n’akuwa amagezi ku bujjanjabi mu kiseera ekituufu.

Bino bye bimu ku bibuuzo by’oyinza okubuuza omusawo okumanya ebisingawo ku mbeera yo:

• Okukulukuta kwange okwa mitral valve kwa maanyi kwenkana wa?
• Bujjanjabi ki bw’onteesa?
• Birungi ki n’ebibi ebiri mu bujjanjabi?
• Nkyukakyuka ki mu bulamu bwe nneetaaga okukola?
• Mirundi emeka gye nneetaaga okulaba omusawo oba okwekebeza ebifaananyi?
• Obulamu bwange obw’omu maaso bunaaba butya?

Ekintu eky’okulowoozaako

Kya bulijjo okuwulira ng’ozitoowereddwa ng’owulira nti olina obulwadde bw’omutima. Naye bw’ogenda omanya ebisingawo ku mbeera yo n’okufuna obujjanjabi, mu bbanga ttono ojja kuddamu okugenda mu maaso.

Mitral valve prolapse ekosa buli muntu mu ngeri ya njawulo, kale omusawo wo ajja kulongoosa obujjanjabi bwo okusinziira ku byetaago byo. Tolwawo okugabana ebibuuzo byo n’ebikweraliikiriza n’omusawo wo. Ajja kukuyamba okutegeera ebisingawo ku ngeri omutima gwo gye gukolamu. Era ajja kukuwa amagezi ku bujjanjabi n’okukyusa mu bulamu ebijja okukuyamba okusigala ng’oli mulamu bulungi n’okubeera n’obulamu obulungi.

` Mitral valve, obulwadde bwa heart valve, okussa obubi, okulwala omutima, okulongoosebwa omutima, echocardiogram, mitral valve regurgitation