Abakyala bangi batya katono, baswala, oba baswala bwe bawulira ku kukebera kuno okwa "Pap Smear". Waliwo ebiseera lwe balowooza nti, "Oh, omulundi oguwedde tewaaliwo buzibu, lwaki baddamu okukikola?" Naye obadde okimanyi nti okugezesebwa kuno okwangu, okw’eddakiika ntono, kwa maanyi nnyo era kwa mugaso nnyo ne kiba nti kisobola okutaasa obulamu bwo? Kale leero, ka tuggyewo okutya n’ebibuuzo byonna ebikwata ku nsonga eno era twogere ku nsonga eno mu ngeri ennyangu ennyo, ng’olinga ayogera ne mukwano gwo.
Mu ngeri ennyangu, Pap smear kye ki?
Pap smear, oluusi eyitibwa Pap test, okusinga ekolebwa okukebera kookolo w’omumwa gwa nnabaana . Omumwa gwa nnabaana gwe mulyango oguyingira mu nnabaana wo. Okukebera kuno kuzingiramu okuggya akatundu akatono ak’obutoffaali okuva kungulu w’omumwa gwa nnabaana ne babukebera mu microscope.
Ekisinga obunene era ekikulu ku kino kiri nti mu kifo ky’okuzuula oba waliwo kookolo, kisobola okuzuula obutoffaali obusooka kookolo obuyinza okufuuka kookolo . Ng’okuzuula omukka omutono mu nnyumba bwe kiyinza okuziyiza omuliro omunene. Singa obutoffaali buno obutali bwa bulijjo buzuulibwa nga bukyali, busobola okuwona ddala n’obujjanjabi obwangu nga tebunnafuuka kookolo.
Okukebera kuno kutuumiddwa "Pap" okussa ekitiibwa mu Dr. George Papanicolaou, omusawo Omumerika eyakukola.
Kiki ddala ekigezo kino kinoonya?
Ekigezo kya Pap kissa essira ku nsonga enkulu eziwerako.
- Kookolo w’omumwa gwa nnabaana: Kino kikolebwa nga banoonya butereevu obutoffaali bwa kookolo mu nnabaana.
- Dysplasia: Kino kye kintu ekisinga obukulu. Enoonya enkyukakyuka mu butoffaali obuyinza okufuuka kookolo . Singa bino bizuulibwa nga bukyali, byangu nnyo okubijjanjaba.
- Human Papillomavirus (HPV): Oluusi, okukebera HPV kukolebwa wamu n’okukebera Pap. HPV kawuka akatera okusaasaanyizibwa mu by’okwegatta. Ebika by’akawuka kano aka HPV ebimu bye bisinga okuvaako kookolo w’omumwa gwa nnabaana.
Ekikulu: Okukebera Pap tekusobola kuzuula yinfekisoni ndala ez’ekikaba (STIs) nga kabootongo oba chlamydia. Bino birina okukeberebwa okwawukana. Wabula oluusi kiyinza okuwa endowooza ku yinfekisoni nga trichomonas, bacteria, oba yinfekisoni z’ekizimbulukusa.
Ku myaka emeka okukeberebwa Pap kulina okukolebwa era emirundi emeka?
Kino kisinziira ku myaka gyo, ebyafaayo by’obulamu bwo, n’ebyava mu kukeberebwa okwasooka. Bino bye bitera okusemba:
| Ekibinja ky’emyaka | Ekiseera ekisemba okutambula |
|---|---|
| 21 - 30 emyaka | Okukeberebwa Pap buli luvannyuma lwa myaka esatu . |
| Emyaka 30 - 65 | Osobola okusalawo okukeberebwa Pap n’okukeberebwa HPV wamu (co-test) buli luvannyuma lwa myaka etaano oba okukeberebwa Pap yokka buli luvannyuma lwa myaka esatu. Osobola okwogera n’omusawo wo ku nsonga eno n’osalawo ekikusinga obulungi. |
| Emyaka egisukka mu 65 | Singa ebyava mu kukeberebwa kwo kwonna okwasooka biba bya bulijjo era nga tolina nsonga za njawulo ez’akabi, omusawo ajja kutera okukuwa amagezi okuyimiriza okukeberebwa. |
Ani eyeetaaga okukeberebwa ennyo?
Mu mbeera ezimu ez’enjawulo, omusawo ayinza okukuwa amagezi okukeberebwa kuno amangu okusinga ekiseera kino, oba ne bw’omala emyaka 65. Emisango egyo mulimu:
- Bw’oba olina akawuka ka siriimu, oba ng’abaserikale b’omubiri olina obuzibu olw’obujjanjabi bwa kookolo (chemotherapy) oba embeera endala ey’obujjanjabi.
- Singa maama wo yamira eddagala eriyitibwa Diethylstilbestrol (DES) ng’akusitula mu lubuto lwe (lino lyali ddagala eryaweebwa bamaama ab’embuto okutuusa nga mu 1971).
- Bw’oba obaddeko kookolo w’omumwa gwa nnabaana emabegako.
- Singa ebyava mu kukeberebwa kwa Pap okwasooka bibadde si bya bulijjo .
Oteekateeka otya nga tonnaba kugezesebwa?
Okusobola okufuna ebivuddemu ebisinga obutuufu, kikulu nnyo okugoberera emitendera gino ng’otandika ng’ebula ennaku nga bbiri okukeberebwa.
- Weewale okwegatta mu bukyala okumala ennaku bbiri nga tebannaba kukeberebwa.
- Tokozesa tampons, ebizigo oba eddagala ly’obukyala, ebiziyiza okuzaala oba jelly, ebizigo, oba douches okumala ennaku bbiri .
- Kirungi okuteekawo enteekateeka y'okukeberebwa ng'ensonga yo ewedde . Bw’oba ogenda mu nsonga ku lunaku lw’okukeberebwa, buuza omusawo ky’olina okukola. Oyinza okwetaaga okukyusa olunaku, kubanga omusaayi omungi guyinza okukosa ebivaamu.
Engeri y'okukolamu ekigezo - tewali ky'oyinza kutya!
Okukebera kuno kukolebwa mu kisenge ky’omusawo. Bino byonna bitwala eddakiika ntono zokka. Tolina nsonga lwaki otya oba okuswala. Omusawo ne ba nurse bajja kukuyamba nnyo.
1. Okusooka, ojja kusabibwa okuggyamu engoye zo wansi w’ekiwato oba okukyusaamu ddala n’oyambala gomesi y’eddwaaliro.
2. Olwo ojja kukolebwa okugalamira ku mmeeza ey’enjawulo ey’okukebera amagulu go bateeke mu bikuta. Ojja kuweebwa olugoye oba olupapula okubikka amagulu.
3. Ekiddako, omusawo ajja kuyingiza mpola ekiveera oba eky’ekyuma ekiyitibwa ‘speculum’ mu bukyala bwo. Oyinza okuwulira ng’olina okunyigirizibwa okutono mu kiseera kino. Ekintu kino kikozesebwa okuggulawo obukyala katono n’okulaba obulungi omumwa gwa nnabaana.
4. Oluvannyuma ng’okozesa bbulawuzi oba ekyuma ekigonvu ennyo, ekitono, ssika mpola obutoffaali obumu okuva kungulu ku nnabaana. Kino tekiruma.
5. Sampuli y’obutoffaali ekuŋŋaanyiziddwa eteekebwa mu kacupa akatono akalimu amazzi ag’enjawulo, era ekikuta ne kiggyibwamu.
Ekyo kye kiri. Enkola yonna etwala eddakiika ezitakka wansi wa 5.
Oyinza okufuna amatondo g’omusaayi amatonotono oluvannyuma lw’okukeberebwa. Kino kyabulijjo, teweeraliikiriranga. Wabula singa omusaayi gumala essaawa ezisukka mu 24 oba ng’olina obulumi oba obutabeera bulungi, nsaba otegeeze omusawo.
Bw’ofuna ebyavaamu... ekyo kitegeeza ki?
Sampuli yo ey’obutoffaali esindikibwa mu laabu okukeberebwa. Kiyinza okutwala wiiki nga ssatu ebyavaamu okuddamu. Ebivaamu birimu ebika bisatu ebikulu.
| Ekika ky’ebyavaamu | Amakulu amangu |
|---|---|
| Normal / Negative | Amawulire amalungi! Tewali butoffaali obutali bwa bulijjo bwasangibwa ku nnabaana wo. Buli kimu kiramu bulungi. Ojja kukola ekigezo kyo ekiddako mu myaka 3-5. |
| Tekitegeerekeka bulungi (Tekitegeerekeka / Atypical) | Oluusi, laabu tesobola kumanya bulungi oba obutoffaali buno bwa bulijjo oba si bwa bulijjo olw’ensonga nga sampuli z’obutoffaali obutamala oba yinfekisoni. Mu mbeera ng’ezo, omusawo ajja kukusaba okuddamu okukeberebwa mu myezi mitono. |
| Ebitali bya bulijjo (Ebitali bya bulijjo / Positive) . | Kino kitegeeza nti waliwo enkyukakyuka ezirabibwa mu butoffaali bw’omumwa gwa nnabaana. Totya olw'ebyavaamu bino! Kino tekitegeeza nti olina kookolo. Ebiseera ebisinga zino nkyukakyuka ezibaawo nga tezinnaba kufuuka kookolo. Omusawo ajja kukusaba okukeberebwa okulala (colposcopy) okwongera okunoonyereza ku mbeera eno. |
Kiki ekiddako singa wabaawo ekivaamu ekitali kya bulijjo?
Singa ebyavaamu tebiba bya bulijjo, omusawo ayinza okukuwa amagezi okukeberebwa okuyitibwa colposcopy .
Kino nakyo kyangu ng’okukebera Pap. Kye mukola wano kwe kutunuulira ennyo nnabaana wo n’ekyuma eky’enjawulo ekikuza (colposcope). Osobola okulaba obulungi ebitundu by’oteebereza nti waliwo obutoffaali obutali bwa bulijjo. Bwe kiba kyetaagisa, akatundu akatono ennyo ak’omubiri (biopsy) kaggyibwa mu kitundu ekyo ne kasindikibwa mu laabu okwongera okukeberebwa. Eno y’engeri gy’oyinza okukakasa enkyukakyuka entuufu mu butoffaali.
Ebibuuzo ebimu ebitera okubuuzibwa
Okukeberebwa Pap kyetaagisa oluvannyuma lw’okuggyibwako nnabaana?
Kino kisinziira ku kika ky’okulongoosebwa kwe walongoosebwa n’ensonga lwaki olongoosezza.
- Singa omumwa gwa nnabaana tegwaggyibwako mu kiseera ky’okulongoosebwa, mazima ddala wandibadde ogenda mu maaso n’okukeberebwa Pap.
- Singa omumwa gwa nnabaana gwo gwaggyibwawo ddala ng’olongooseddwa, ate ng’okulongoosa tekwakolebwa ku kookolo (ku mbeera nga fibroids, okugeza), osanga tojja kuddamu kwetaaga kukeberebwa Pap.
- Wabula bw’oba olongooseddwa okuggyamu omumwa gwa nnabaana olw’obulwadde bwa kookolo w’omumwa gwa nnabaana, nnabaana oba enkwaso, omusawo ayinza okukuwa amagezi okugenda mu maaso n’okukeberebwa okukebera obulabe bw’okufuna obutoffaali bwa kookolo mu kitundu eky’okungulu eky’obukyala. Kirungi okwogera n’omusawo wo ku nsonga eno.
Embeerera yeetaaga okukeberebwa Pap?
Yee. Ekitundu ekitono ennyo ku kookolo w’omumwa gwa nnabaana kiva ku butabeera na kwegatta. Ekirala, HPV, ekisinga okuvaako kookolo w’omumwa gwa nnabaana, oluusi asobola okusiigibwa ng’ayita mu kukwatagana n’olususu ku lususu nga temwegatta. N’olwekyo, kikulu okukeberebwa Pap ku nteekateeka eragiddwa oluvannyuma lw’emyaka 21, oba olina akaboozi oba nedda .
Kiki ekibaawo singa tokeberebwa Pap?
Eno y’engeri esinga obulungi era yokka ey’okuzuula enkyukakyuka mu butoffaali nga tezinnaba kufuuka kookolo wa nnabaana. Bw’otokola kukebera kuno, oyinza obutamanya nti obutoffaali bwa kookolo bukula mu mubiri gwo. Kookolo w’anaakula n’obubonero bwe bulabika, ayinza okulwawo okumujjanjaba.
Jjukira nti okuzuula amangu y’engeri esinga okutaasa obulamu, era okukebera Pap mukisa mukulu nnyo okukola ekyo.
Obubaka Obutwala Awaka
- Ekigezo kya Pap Smear kikeberebwa okutaasa obulamu era nga kisobola okuziyiza kookolo w’omumwa gwa nnabaana. Totya oba okuswala ku nsonga eyo.
- Ekirungi ekisinga obunene mu kino kwe kuba nti esobola okuzuula enkyukakyuka mu butoffaali eziviirako kookolo nga tannakula.
- Kakasa nti okukebera kuno kukolebwa okusinziira ku nteekateeka omusawo gy’akugamba, ng’etuukana n’emyaka gyo n’embeera y’obulamu bwo.
- Olw'okuba ebyava mu kukeberebwa "bitali bya bulijjo" tekitegeeza nti olina kookolo. Tokitya era goberera ebiragiro by’omusawo.
- Bw’oba olina ekibuuzo kyonna, ky’otya oba ky’obuusabuusa ku nsonga eno, biteese mu lwatu n’omusawo wo.
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