Katuyige ku bika bya kookolo w'amabeere eby'enjawulo (Types of Breast Cancer)

Bangi ku ffe bwe tuwulira ekigambo 'Breast Cancer ' tutya, nedda? Naye obadde okimanyi nti kino si kika kya bulwadde kimu kyokka, waliwo ebika byabwo eby’enjawulo? Okumanya obulungi ekika kya kookolo ky’olina kikulu nnyo mu kuzuula obujjanjabi bw’ogenda okufuna. Kale ka twogere ku nsonga eno mu ngeri ennyangu ennyo era ey’omukwano leero. Okumanya ebintu bino kijja kuba maanyi nnyo gy’oli.

Okugabanya kookolo okusinziira ku kifo w’atandikira

Engeri emu abasawo gye bannyonnyolamu kookolo w’amabeere kwe kulaba wa mu mubiri gye yatandikira n’okumanya oba yasaasaana.

Mu ngeri ennyangu, kookolo w’amabeere asinga wa kika ekiyitibwa carcinoma. Kino kitegeeza nti zitandikira mu bitundu ebisimba layini munda mu bbeere n’ebitundu ebirala. Ebisinga ku bino bigwa mu kika ekitono ekiyitibwa adenocarcinoma. Zino kookolo atandikira mu mifulejje egitambuza amata oba endwadde ezikola amata (lobules) ez’amabeere.

Kookolo w’omumwa gwa nnabaana

Kino kye kika kya kookolo w’amabeere ekisinga okubeerawo. Era erina ebitundu bibiri ebikulu.

1. Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS): Guno gwe mutendera ogusooka okukwatibwa kookolo w’amabeere. Ekigambo 'In Situ' kitegeeza "we kiri." Kino kitegeeza nti obutoffaali bwa kookolo bukyali munda mu mifulejje gy’amata gyokka. Tezisaasaana bweru. Ekika kino kivaako kookolo w’amabeere nga 1 ku buli 5 abaakazuulibwa. Ekisinga obulungi kiri nti ekika kino kumpi kiwona ddala.

2. Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC): Kino kye kika kya kookolo w’amabeere ekisinga okubeerawo . Kikola ebitundu nga 80% ku kookolo w’amabeere yenna azuulibwa. 'Okulumba' kitegeeza "okulumba." Kino kitegeeza nti obutoffaali bwa kookolo busaasaanidde ebweru w’emikutu gy’amata ne mu bitundu ebigyetoolodde. Waliwo ebika ebitonotono ebiwerako eby’ekika kino ekya IDC. Wadde nga bizibu katono, ka tubitunuulire mu ngeri ennyangu.

Kookolo w’omu bitundu by’omubiri (Lobular Carcinoma).

Mu kika kino, obutoffaali obutali bwa bulijjo bukula mu kisenge ky’endwadde ezikola amata (lobules) ez’amabeere.

• Invasive Lobular Carcinoma (ILC): Kino kye kika kya kookolo w’amabeere eky’okubiri mu bungi. Kookolo ow’ekika kino atandikira mu mabeere n’asaasaana mu bitundu ebimwetoolodde. Olwo kiyinza okusaasaana mu bitundu by’omubiri ebirala, gamba ng’ennywanto.
• Lobular Carcinoma in Situ (LCIS): Totya linnya lino. Abasawo mu butuufu LCIS tebagitwala nga kookolo kubanga tesaasaana bweru wa mabeere. Wabula okubeera ne LCIS kitegeeza nti olina akabi katono ak’okufuna kookolo w’amabeere mu biseera eby’omu maaso.

Ebika bya kookolo w’amabeere ebirala ebitali bimu

Bino si bya bulijjo nnyo, naye bisaana okumanya.

• Kookolo w’amabeere azimba: Ono wa kika kya tatera kulabika (nga wansi wa bitundu 5%) ate nga wa maanyi. Obubonero bwayo bwa njawulo ku bulala. Obutoffaali bwa kookolo buzibira emisuwa gy’amazzi mu mabeere. Kino kireetera ebbeere okuzimba, okumyuuka, n’olususu okugonza . Oluusi olususu lw’amabeere luyinza okulabika ng’olususu lw’emicungwa . Ekika kino kisobola okusaasaana amangu.
• Phyllodes Tumor: Bino bizimba ebitali bimu ebikolebwa mu bitundu ebiyunga amabeere. Omuntu 1 yekka ku buli 4 ku bo afuuka kookolo. Ebisigadde bizimba ebitali bya bulabe.
• Angiosarcoma: Kookolo ono akula mu layini y’emisuwa n’emisuwa gy’omusaayi. Businga kubeera mu bantu abasukka mu myaka 70.
• Obulwadde bwa Paget : Buno nabwo tebutera kubaawo nnyo. Ye kookolo akula mu nfuli n’ekitundu ekigyetoolodde (areola). Olususu lw’enfuli luyinza okuvaamu ebikuta, okumyuuka, n’okusiiwa . Abantu bangi abalina obulwadde bwa Paget nabo balina ekika kya kookolo ekiyitibwa DCIS oba IDC.
• Kookolo w’amabeere atambula: ‘Metastatic’ kitegeeza nti kookolo asaasaanidde ebweru w’amabeere n’agenda mu bitundu by’omubiri ebirala. Abasawo era kino bakiyita "advanced" oba "stage 4." Businga kusaasaana mu kibumba, obwongo, amagumba oba amawuggwe.

Okugabanya kookolo okusinziira ku buzaale n’obusimu

Oluvannyuma lw’okuzuulibwa nti olina kookolo w’amabeere, omusawo wo ajja kukola okukebera okw’enjawulo ku butoffaali bwa kookolo okulaba oba obusimu obuyitibwa estrogen oba progesterone , oba oba waliwo obuzaale obw’enjawulo, bukosa enkula ya kookolo.

Mu kukeberebwa kuno omusawo mw’alonda obujjanjabi obusinga okukutuukirawo, obugendereddwamu.

• HER2-positive: Kookolo w’amabeere nga 1 ku buli 5 alimu ekirungo ekiyitibwa `HER2` (Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2). Puloteeni eno eyamba obutoffaali bwa kookolo okukula. Kookolo alina HER2 asobola okuba ow’amaanyi ennyo. Naye waliwo obujjanjabi obugendereddwamu obugenderera puloteyina eno, ne kibanguyira okujjanjaba.

• Hormone Receptor-positive oba negative: Obutoffaali bwa kookolo obumu bulina ebifo eby’enjawulo (receptors) ku ngulu kwabwo obusimu bwe busobola okwekwatako. Lowooza ku katoffaali ng’oluggi, era ebifo bino ebikwata ebisumuluzo biba ng’ebituli by’ebisumuluzo ebirimu.
• ER-positive: Obutoffaali bwa kookolo bulina ebikwata ku busimu obuyitibwa estrogen.
• PR-positive: Obutoffaali bwa kookolo bulina ebirungo ebisobola okwesiba ku busimu obuyitibwa progesterone.
• Hormone receptor-positive kitegeeza nti ekimu oba byombi ku bino ebibiri biriwo. Olw’okuba obusimu buyamba ebika bya kookolo bino okukula, busobola okujjanjabibwa obulungi n’eddagala eriziyiza obusimu (hormone therapy).
• Hormone receptor-negative kitegeeza nti ebirungo bino byombi tebiriiwo.

• Triple-negative: Ekika kino kikola ebitundu nga 15% ku balwadde. Nga erinnya bwe liraga, obutoffaali buno bwa kookolo bulina estrogen receptors (ETRs)., ebirungo ebikwata progesterone (PR) ne HER2 byonna tebiriiwo. N’olwekyo, tekisobola kujjanjabwa na bujjanjabi bwa hormonal oba HER2-targeted therapy. Kino kiyinza okufuula obujjanjabi okusoomoozebwa katono, naye waliwo obujjanjabi obulala obuliwo, gamba ng’obujjanjabi bw’eddagala.

Bw’omala okumanya ekika kya kookolo ky’olina, yogerako mu lwatu n’omusawo wo ku ngeri gy’akosaamu emikisa gyo egy’okuwona n’obujjanjabi obusinga obulungi. Totya kubuuza bibuuzo byonna.