Nang pawhin he khuh hi i tawk nasa lehzual em? Tuberculosis chungchang hi i zir belh leh ang u!

Tuberculosis tih thumal i hriat hian i hlau deuh mai thei, a dik em? "Aw, kei pawhin ka hmu dawn em?" emaw, "Hei hi natna hlauhawm tak a ni lo maw?" Mahse he natna hi eng nge a nih, engtin nge a lo awm tih leh eng nge kan tih theih tih chiang taka i hriat hunah chuan chu hlauhna chu nasa takin a tlahniam ang. Vawiin hian TB chungchang, a nih loh leh `(Tuberculosis – TB)`, a awlsam zawngin, i hriatthiam theih dan tur angin sawi ila.

Tuberculosis hi eng nge ni? A awlsam zawngin...

Tuberculosis hi bacteria infection avanga lo awm a ni a . A dik tak chuan bacteria organism te tak te `(Mycobacterium tuberculosis)` an tih hian hei hi a mawhphurtu a ni. Kan lung a nghawng tam ber . Mahse, a chang chuan taksa peng pawimawh dang, kan ruhro, thluak leh kal (kidney) te pawh a nghawng thei bawk.

Mi zawng zawng hian TB natna lanchhuahna an nei vek em? Latent leh Active TB a awm thei

Hetah hian thil pawimawh tak a awm. Tuberculosis bacteria vei zawng zawng hian symptoms an nei vek dawn lo. Chu chu mak a ti lo maw?

• Latent TB: Mi thenkhat chuan an taksa chhungah he bacteria hi an nei thei a, natna lan chhuah lohvin an hrisel reng thei. Hei hi ‘latent TB’ kan ti a. I taksa chhunga hmelma muhil ang maiin ngaihtuah rawh. If your immune system is strong , he bacteria hi a control thei a, a muhil thei bawk. Hetiang hian mi thenkhat chu an dam chhung zawng symptom nei lovin an awm thei a ni. United States-ah hian mi maktaduai 13 vel chu hetiang chi ‘Latent TB’ vei hian an khawsa nia chhut a ni.
• Active TB: Mahse... eng emaw ti takin i immune system a chak lo a nih chuan – natna dang vang emaw, damdawi i ei vang emaw, i tar chhoh vang mai mai pawh a ni thei – chu bacteria muhilte chu an harh thei a, an active thei bawk. Chutah chuan natna chu ‘active TB’ a lo ni ta a ni. Chutah chuan symptoms a lo lang ta a ni.

Active TB natna lan chhuah dan engte nge ni?

Tunah chuan active tuberculosis vei mi pakhat symptoms i en ang u. Chûng zînga pakhat emaw, a aia tam emaw i neih chuan, damdawi lam thurâwn dîl chu a ṭha em?

• Kar hnih aia rei khuh na tak: Hei hi a lan chhuah dan ber pakhat a ni.
• Chest pain: I thawk emaw, i khuh emaw hian i rilruah natna i nei thei.
• Phlegm emaw thisen emaw khuh: Thisen tlem nen phlegm (sputum/mucus) i khuh chuan chu pawh chu ngaihven tur a ni.
• Chau lutuk leh nunna nei lo anga inhriatna (Chau/Chauhna): Hna engmah thawk thei lo khawpin i chau hle mai thei.
• Ei duhna hloh: Ei duhna zawng zawng i hloh thei.
• Weight loss: Rin loh taka i taksa rihna tihtlem a nih chuan.
• Chills and Fever: Khawsik eng pawh ni lovin, khawsik thlentu khawsik a ni.
• Zan lama thawmhnaw: I mut laiin i thawkrim lutuk a, i khum puan pawh a hnim thei.

Hriat reng tur: Latent TB i nei thei a, chu chu symptom engmah i lantir lo thei tihna a ni. Mahse TB test i tih chuan positive a ni mai thei.

Tuberculosis hi eng thilin nge a thlen?

A hmaa ka sawi tawh ang khan hei hi a chhan chu bacteria pakhat `(Mycobacterium tuberculosis)` an tih a ni. He hrik hi boruak kaltlangin a darh thin . Tuberculosis vei chuan a khuh, a hnim, a tawng a, a zai emaw, a nuih emaw chuan heng natna hrik te hi boruakah a chhuak a, chu boruak chu kan thawh chuan kan lungah a lut thei a ni. A châng chuan hetianga taksaa lo lut bacteria hi taksa peng dangah pawh a kal thei bawk.

Tuberculosis chi hrang hrang a awm em?

Ni e, TB chi khat ber leh tlanglawn ber chu TB a ni a, chu chuan lung a nghawng a ni. Pulmonary Tuberculosis kan ti a .

Mahse, he bacteria hian taksa peng dang a nghawng thei bawk. Hei hi extrapulmonary tuberculosis kan ti a ni .

Natna pakhat Miliary Tuberculosis tih pawh i hre tawh mai thei . Taksa pumpuiah a darh a, natna khirh tak tak a thlen thei a, chungte chu:

• Brain lining a inflammation - Hei hi `(Meningitis)` kan ti a.
• Spinal Tuberculosis - Hei hi `(Pott natna)` emaw `(Spinal Tuberculosis)` emaw an ti a.
• Addison natna, adrenal glands nena inzawm natna.
• Hepatitis natna a ni.
• Kawr chhunga lymph node awmte a hring - Hei hi `(Scrofula)` an ti.

Tuberculosis hi engtin nge a kai theih?

Hei hi kan hriat chian a ngai a ni. Tuberculosis hi active lung TB vei mi pakhatin a khuh, a thawk a, a tawng a, a hla a sa a, a nuih hian a darh a ni. A pawimawh ber chu, an lung chhunga active infection nei te chauhvin an darh thin .

A tlangpuiin, he natna hi kai theih nan hian natna vei tawh nen hun rei tak chhung inzawmna nghet tak i neih a ngai a ni . Kawngpuiah i tawn mai mai mi hnen atanga man chu thil awlsam a ni lo.

Mi tam zawk chuan TB natna hrik hip luttu tam zawk chuan he natna hrik hi an do thei a, a lo thang lian zel tur chu an titawp thei a ni. Chutah chuan a hmaa ka sawi tawh latent TB kha a lo awm ta a ni.

Tuberculosis natna vei theihna chance sang zawk chu tute nge ni?

Mi thenkhat chuan TB natna hrik an kai tam zawk. Tute nge an nih i han en teh ang:

• Tuberculosis hi awlsam takin mipui tamna hmuna cheng emaw, hnathawk emaw, lung inah te, tar enkawlna hmunah te, tarte chenna inah te, hriselna enkawlna hmunah te, leh chenna inah te pawh a darh thei a ni .
• Microbiology laboratory (Mycobacteriology laboratory) a thawk te tan.
• Tuberculosis natna vei tamna hmun, Latin America, Caribbean, Africa, Asia, Europe hmar lam, leh Russia-ah teLo awm tawh emaw, zin tawh emaw tan.
• Tuberculosis vei nia hriat emaw rinhlelh emaw nena inzawmna hnai tak nei tawhte tan .

Tute nge latent TB emaw active TB emaw vei theihna chance sang zawk?

A hnuaia mite hi latent tuberculosis chu active TB a nih theihna chance sang zawk an ni:

• Intravenous drugs inject thin te tan.
• Immune system chak lote tan chuan. Entirnan, nausen te, naupang te te, HIV vei te, leh taksa hriselna titawp thei damdawi ei thin te.
• Natna khirh tak tak, kal natna leh zunthlum vei te tan.
• Organ transplant nei tawhte tan.
• Cancer vanga chemotherapy la mek te tan.

Doctor-te hian TB natna hi engtin nge an hriat theih?

Tuberculosis i vei nia i rinhlelh chuan doctor i hmuh hunah a hnuaia test te hi an ti thei ang:

• Skin test emaw thisen test emaw: Hei hi TB natna hrik i kai tawh leh tawh loh enfiahna kawng bulpui ber a ni.
• Lab tests on sputum and lung fluid: I sputum sample lak a, bacteria awm leh awm loh enfiah a ni.
• Chest X-ray: Lung chhunga danglamna a awm leh awm loh en nan.
• CT scan: A chang chuan hei hian X-ray aiin thlalak chiang zawk a hmuh theih nan a pui thin.

Tuberculosis hi engtin nge enkawl a nih? Tihdam theih a ni em?

Awle! Tuberculosis hi natna tihdam theih a ni ngei ang! Mahse, uluk taka enkawl a ngai a ni.

Doctor te hian active leh latent TB te hi antibiotics chi hrang hrang hmangin an enkawl thin . Infection tihfai vek tur chuan damdawi chi hrang hrang a rualin i ei a ngai dawn a ni.

Pawimawh tak: He damdawi hi rei tak i ei a ngai a ni – thla ruk atanga thla kua tal i ei a ngai . Damdawi ei zawng zawng chu doctor-in a tih ang chiah chiah, ni khat pawh tlai lovin tih zawh vek a pawimawh hle . Chumi hnuah chauh chuan he bacteria hi i taksa atangin i paih chhuak vek thei ang.

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Damdawi i ei dik loh emaw, a chanve vel i ei tawh loh emaw chuan eng nge thleng ang? Natna hi a lo let leh thei a ni. Chu aia hlauhawm zawk chu bacteria chu damdawi laka invenna (drug resistance)-ah a inthlak thei a ni. Chutiang a nih chuan enkawl a harsa hle.

Tuberculosis natna damdawi

I doctor-in damdawi chi hrang hrang a pek theihte chu hetiang hi a ni:

• `(Isoniazid)` tih a ni
• `(Rifampin)` tih a ni
• `(Ethambutol)` tih a ni
• `(Pyrazinamide)`
• `(Rifapentine)` tih a ni

(Hengte hi damdawi chi hrang hrang an pek tlangpui a ni. Doctor chuan i dinhmun a zirchiang ang a, damdawi leh a dose inkawp dan tur dik ber a pe ang che.)

Eng chen nge tihdam a ngaih?

Damdawi i ei tan atanga kar engemaw zat hnuah i rilru a hahdam deuh ang a, i natna lan chhuah dan pawh a reh tan ang. I khuh a reh ang a, i ei duhna a tizual ang. Mahse, i rilru a hahdam vang mai maia damdawi ei kha bansan suh! Enkawl hun chhung zawng zawng hi thla 6 leh thla 9 inkar a ni ang. Chumi chhung zawng chuan damdawi chu uluk taka i ei a ngai a ni.

Engtikah nge Doctor ka hmuh ang?

• Tuberculosis kai tawh nia i inhriat chuan Doctor pan nghal rawh.
• Tuberculosis symptoms (khuh, khawsik, taksa rihna tlahniam) i neih chuan test ngei ngei tur a ni, midang hnenah i kai darh thei a ni.
• Tuberculosis damdawi i ei a, damdawi avanga nghawng tha lo (e.g., mit sen, taksa na, luak chhuak) i neih chuan chu chu i doctor hnenah pawh hrilh bawk ang che.

Tuberculosis lo awm leh darh zel tur ven nan eng nge kan tih theih ang?

Hei hi a pawimawh hle. Hemi atan hian kan thawhhlawk vek thei.

• I kut chu sahbawn hmangin uluk takin silfai fo ang che.
• I khuh emaw, i thawk hah emaw hian i hmui leh hnar chu i elbow emaw tissue emaw hmangin khuh thin ang che. Pawn lama kan awm laiin midang hmaa khuh emaw, khuh emaw tih loh a pawimawh bawk.
• Tuberculosis symptoms i neih chuan midang nena inzawmna hnai tak chu a theih ang angin ti tlem rawh.
• Tuberculosis natna enkawl i nih chuan damdawi pek zawng zawng dik tak leh hun bituk chhung zawng ei vek tur a ni.
• Active tuberculosis i neih chuan doctor-in phalna a pek che hma chuan hnathawhna hmunah emaw, sikul-ah emaw kir leh tawh suh.

Damdawi inah chuan TB darh zel tur tihtawp nana thil pawimawh ber chu boruak mumal tak leh damdawi lam thawktute'n Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (mask ang chi) an hman hi a ni.

Tuberculosis vaccine a awm em?

Ni e, vaccine pakhat `(BCG - Bacillus Calmette-Guerin)` tih a awm a. Ram thenkhat (America ang ramah chuan an hmang nasa lo hle a, mahse Sri Lanka ang ramah chuan an hmang nasa hle) chuan an hmang thin. A bik takin TB vei tamna ramah chuan he vaccine hi naupang tê tête chu natna chi hrang hrang laka venhimna atan pek a ni.

Tuberculosis hi engtiang chiahin nge a hluar?

World Health Organization chhinchhiah danin kum 2020 khan khawvel pumah mi maktaduai 10 velin TB an vei a, mi maktaduai 1.5 velin an thihpui bawk. Hun khat chu United States-ah chuan TB natna hi thihna thlentu lian ber a ni. Amaherawhchu, enkawlna thar hman a nih tak avangin kum 1940 leh 1950 chhoah chuan heng damlote hi an tlahniam chak hle a ni. Tuberculosis hi Sri Lanka ramah pawh hriselna lama harsatna lian tak a ni bawk.

Mahse, damdawi lam thurawn zawm a, damdawi dik tak i ei chuan TB natna hi tihdam theih a ni tih hre reng ang che.

A tawp berah chuan i hriat reng tur thil (Take-Home Message) .

Chuvangin, vawiin a TB chungchanga kan sawi tawh atang hian thil pawimawh tak tak i hriatreng theih ka beisei.

Tuberculosis hi hlauh tur a ni lova, mahse thil awlsam tak a ni lo bawk.

• Kar hnih aia rei khuh , khawsik, zan lama thawk hah, leh taksa rihna tihtlem ang chi symptoms i neih chuan doctor pan ngei ngei tur a ni.
• Tuberculosis vei nen in inbiak hnai tawh a nih chuan Doctor hnenah hrilh rawh.
• Tuberculosis enkawlna a awm a, a enkawl dan dik leh hun bituk chhunga tih a nih chuan a dam kim thei a ni.
• Damdawi i ei tan tirh khan tlemin i rilru a hahdam deuh a nih pawhin, i doctor-in a tih hma loh chuan ei kha bansan suh.
• A pawimawh ber chu mahni hriselna leh i chhehvela mite hriselna ngaihtuah a, mawhphurhna nei taka che hi a ni.

Hemi chungchanga zawhna dang i neih chuan i chhungkaw doctor emaw, sorkar health center hnai ber emaw zawh hreh suh. Hrisel takin awm rawh!

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` Tuberculosis, TB, khuh, lung, hri kai, enkawl dan, a lan chhuah dan