I zun test (urinalysis) chungchang zawng zawng hi a awlsam zawngin i zir vek ang u.

Chibai! Doctor-in Doctor hmu tura i kal dawna ‘ zun sample pe’ a tih che kha i hre tawh ngei ang, a dik em? I ngaihtuah mai thei, "Hei hi ka tih leh a ngai em?" A tam zawkah chuan kan tih tur chu no te tak teah zun tlem te pek mai a ni. Mahse he test awlsam tak, ``Urinalysis'' an tih hmang hian doctor chuan kan taksa chungchang tam tak a hre thei a ni. Vawiin hian he ``Urinalysis'' hi, a zawn dan te, a pawimawh chhan te hi han sawi ila.

Zun test (urinalysis) tih hi eng nge ni? A awlsam zawngin...

A awlsam zawngin, urinalysis chu i zun ( urine tia koh bawk) lak a, a lan dan enfiahna, thisen cell, protein, a nih loh leh thil danglam dang a awm leh awm loh enfiahna a ni. Doctor chuan hei hi routine screening test-ah a hmang thei a, a nih loh leh natna hrik, kal lama harsatna, thin natna, emaw, zunthlum ang chi i neih leh neih loh enfiah nan emaw a hmang thei bawk.

Mi tam tak chuan hei hi " pee- in-a-cup test" tiin an hria. Ni e, chu chauh chu i tih tur a ni. Chumi hnuah doctor chuan sample chu lab-ah a thawn ta a ni. Chutah chuan an en hmasa a, chutah chuan chemical thenkhat zawng turin strip te tak te an dah a (hei hi ``urine dipstick test'' an ti a), a tawpah chuan thil fiah lo dang zawng turin ``microscope'' hmangin an en a ni. A châng chuan, doctor chuan a room-ah ``dipstick test'' chu a ti thei a, result chu rang takin a pe thei che a ni.

Urinalysis test hian eng chiah nge a zawn?

Urinalysis-ah hian thil pawimawh pathum a awm a, chungte chu zun sample hmuh theiha enfiah (visual inspection), dipstick test leh microscopic examination te an ni. Mahse, doctor-te chuan heng zawng zawng hi an order vek lo. Lab test an tih dan hi an thil zawn danah a innghat a ni.

Thil en hmasak tur (Visual Exam) .

Lab-a mi pakhat chuan i zun sample-a thil hmuh theih, a rawng leh a chiangzia te chu a hre hmasa ang.

• Color: A tlangpuiin zun hrisel hi yellow chi hrang hrang a awm thei. A rawng nei lo, light yellow, dark amber pawh a ni thei. Hei hi tui i in zat a innghat a, chu chu i zun concentrated emaw diluted emaw a nih tihna a ni.
• Clarity: Zun pawh a fiah em tih leh chhum a awm em tih enfiah thin a ni. A châng chuan, turbid appearance a awm a, chu chu thil pakhat a lo inher chhuak anga lang tihna a nih chuan, chu pawh chu hriat a ni.

Dipstick test tih hi eng nge ni?

Hei hi a hmaa ka sawi tawh kha a ni a, i zun chhunga plastic strip te tak te i dahna test kha a ni. Strip-ah hian square te te a awm a, chutah chuan chemical an hnawih bawk. I zun chhungah thil danglam tak a awm chuan chu square te chu a rawng a danglam ang. Hei hian thil tam tak enfiah thuai turin a pui thei che a ni.

• Acidity (Urine pH) a awm zat: 1.1.Hei hian i zun acid-base balance a teh a ni. Kidney lama harsatna leh urinary tract infection (UTI) ang chi thilte hian pH a tisang (alkaline tam zawk) thei a ni. Diabetes kaihhnawih ketoacidosis leh diarrhea ang chi condition te hian pH a tihhniam (accide tam zawk) a thlen thei.
• Bilirubin: Liver emaw bile ducts-ah harsatna a awm chuan zun chhungah bilirubin a awm thei. A tlangpuiin hengte hi zun chhungah a awm lo.
• Thisen (Hemoglobin): He test hian zun chhungah thisen a zawng a. Infection, zun kawng khawi emaw laiah hliam, thisen sang leh cancer chi thenkhat te hian zun chhungah thisen a thlen thei a ni. Doctor te pawhin hei hi ``hematuria'' an ti bawk.
• Glucose: Hei hian zun chhunga sugar (glucose) awm leh awm loh a test thin. Diabetes mellitus emaw gestational diabetes vei te chuan an zun ah glucose an nei thei. Mi hrisel zun ah hian glucose a awm tur a ni lo.
• Ketones: Zunthlum vei te zinga hlauhawm tak lo awm thei chu ``Diabetes-related ketoacidosis.`` an ti a. He test hian zun chhunga ketone awm leh awm loh a enfiah thin.
• Leukocyte esterase: Hei hi enzyme pakhat a ni. Kan taksain natna hrik do turin a pui thin. Positive a nih chuan, zun chhungah a awm tihna a nih chuan, zun kawng khawi emaw laiah inflammation a awm tih a tilang thei. Hei hi zun kawng infection (UTI) vang a ni fo.
• Nitrites: Urinary tract-a bacteria infection a awm chuan bacteria chuan nitrites an tih thil a siam chhuak thin. Chuvangin nitrites hi ``positive`` a nih chuan zun kawng infection chhinchhiahna a ni thei.
• Protein: Zun hi `(Albumin) ang chi protein awm leh awm loh enfiah a ni.` A tlangpuiin a tlem hle tur a ni a, a awm a nih chuan a awm tlem hle tur a ni. Lung natna, kal (kidney) chhiatna (a bik takin thisen sang emaw zunthlum avanga chhiatna), exercise tam lutuk, leh tui tlakchhamna te avang hian zun chhunga protein level hi a sang thei hle.
• Urine specific gravity: Hei hian zun chhunga chemical particle awm zawng zawng concentration a tehna a ni. Zun a thuk zia tehna a ni. He value hi natna tam tak avangin a pangngai lo thei a ni.

Microscopic Exam tih hi eng nge ni?

Mit ruak emaw, chu dipstick emaw atanga hmuh theih loh thil thenkhat a awm. Anmahni hmuh tur chuan microscope hmanga en a ngai a ni.

• Crystals: Zun chhungah crystal chi hrang hrang a awm a nih chuan kal (kidney stones) a lo awm tih hriattirna a ni thei.
• Epithelial cells te chu: 1.1.Hengte hi kan zun kawng atanga cell chi hrang hrang lo chhuak te hi an ni. Report-ah hian `(Transitional epithelial cells)`, `(Renal tubular cells)` emaw `(Squamous epithelial cells)` emaw tia tarlan theih an ni. A tlangpuiin tlemte neih hi a buaithlak lo. Mahse an tam chuan zun kawng infection, inflammation, cancer emaw a ni thei. `(Squamous epithelial cells)` a tam chuan sample lak lai khan pawn lam (entir nan, vun atanga) `(contaminated)` a ni tihna a ni.
• Bacteria, yeast, parasites: Chung zinga pakhat tal chu zun chhungah hmuh a nih chuan zun kawng (UTI), yeast infection emaw, mipat hmeichhiatna hmanga kai theih natna (STI) emaw a ni thei. Mahse a chang chuan a bik takin hmeichhiaah chuan hengte hi sample lak a nih hian vagina chhehvel atang hian a lut thei a, a bawlhhlawh thei bawk.
• Red blood cells (RBC): Hengte hi a tam lutuk chuan zun chhungah thisen a awm tihna a ni a, mahse mitin hmuh theih loh a ni. Hei hi zunthlum, kal, emaw, zun kawng hmun dangah emaw harsatna a awm vang a ni thei.
• Urinary casts: Hei hi kidney cell atanga protein siam atanga siam, tube ang chi te te a ni. Cast chi thenkhat chuan kal (kidney) lama harsatna a awm tih a tarlang. Cast chi dang chu a pangngai a ni.
• White blood cells (WBC): Hengte hi a pun chuan zun kawng khawi emaw laiah natna hrik emaw, inflammation emaw a awm tih chhinchhiahna lian tak a ni.

Engvangin nge urinalysis ka mamawh?

Doctor-in zun test tir tura a tih chhan hi chhan hrang hrang a awm a:

• As part of your annual health checkup , natna thenkhat chu hriat hmasak phawt ang che.
• Zun kawng infection, kal natna, emaw zunthlum (e.g., zun tam , zun laiin kang , khawsik, hnungzang na) symptoms i neih chuan.
• Damdawi lam dinhmun awm tawh thenkhat enfiah (e.g., zunthlum vei pakhata kal (kidney) dinhmun enfiah).
• Naupai laiin test ngei ngei tur a ni .
• Damdawi inah admit i nih chuan .
• Eng surgery pawh tih hmain .

Engtin nge urinalysis atan ka inbuatsaih ang?

Thu lawmawm tak chu a tam zawkah chuan hei hi inbuatsaihna bik a ngai lo . Mahse, i doctor emaw, lab-a mi emaw chuan thupek bik a pek che chuan i zawm dik tur a ni.

• If you are worried that you will not be able to urinate , sample pek hmain tui glass khat in la. Mahse, tui i in tam lutuk a, i zun i tihthianghlim chuan a rah chu a dik lo thei tih hre reng ang che.
• Doctor hnenah hengte hi hrilh lawk rawh:
• I thlasik lai a nih chuanChutiang chuan sawi rawh, a chhan chu thlasik thisen leh vaginal discharge hian test result thenkhat a nghawng thei a ni.
• In pawn lama zun harsatna i neih chuan, shy bladder syndrome ang chi i neih chuan chu pawh chu hrilh bawk ang che. I tan kawng awlsam zawk an hmu ang.
• A châng chuan doctor pawhin hetiang hian a sawi thei bawk:
• Sample hi zing hma takah lak tur a ni a, zun sample hmasa ber chu harh veleh lak tur a ni .
• Test hmain ei tur thenkhat i ei loh tur a ni .
• Damdawi thenkhat chuan result a nghawng thei a , ni engemaw zat ei kha chawlhsan turin an ti mai thei bawk . Mahse, i doctor-in a tih che chauhvin i ei tawh loh tur a ni tih hre reng ang che. Nangmah chauhin titawp suh.

Engtin nge zun test (urinalysis) dik taka tih theih ang?

A tam zawkah chuan i doctor office emaw lab-a bathroom-ah i zun sample pek a ngai dawn a ni. Hei hi "clean catch" method an ti a. Sample chu fai takin, bawlhhlawh awm lovin i la khawm tihna a ni. Chumi atan chuan specimen cup te tak te leh sterile wipes an pe ang che. Sample lak hmain sahbawn leh tui hmangin uluk takin kut sil hmasa phawt ang che.

Labia i neih chuan a hnuaia mi ang hian sample i pe tur a ni:

1. A hmasa berin toilet-ah thu la, i ke te chu tlem a inthen darh rawh.

2. I kut zungtang pahnih hmangin a sir lehlamah labia chu chelh la.

3. An pek che sterile wipe hmangin labia chhung chu phihfai la, hmalam atanga hnunglam thlengin . (Hnunglam atanga hmalam thlengin phih suh, hei hian hnute atanga natna hrik a rawn thlen thei a ni).

4. Sterile wipe dang la la, urethra chu phihfai rawh.

5. Tichuan, toilet chhungah tlem tal zun hmasa phawt ang che (chu chuan zunthlum chhunga natna hrik thenkhat chu a paih chhuak ang).

6. Tichuan, zun rei vak lo kha chawlhsan la, cup pek chu zun kawng atanga hla deuhah vawn la, chutah chuan zun lut rawh. Cup chu a chanve vel a khat thlengin zun la , a nih loh leh doctor-in a sawi angin zun rawh. A chanve a khat kim lo a nih pawhin a pawimawh lo.

7. A bak (a awm chuan) chu toilet-ah paih leh rawh.

Penis i neih chuan a hnuaia mi ang hian sample i pe tur a ni:

1. An pek sterile wipe hmangin penis lu chu uluk takin silfai ang che. Serh tan loh i nih chuan a hmalam vun chu hnunglam hawiin i tifai hmasa tur a ni.

2. Tichuan toilet chhungah tlem tal zun hmasa phawt ang che.

3. Zun laiin chawlhsan la , i zang hnuaia cup pek chu chelh la, chutah chuan zun lut rawh. Cup chu a chanve vel a khat thlengin zun la , a nih loh leh i doctor-in a hrilh che angin zun rawh. A chanve a khat lo a nih pawhin a pawi lo.

4. A bak (a awm chuan) chu toilet-ah paih leh rawh.

A pawimawh ber chu no chhung lam emaw, a khuhna chhung lam emaw hian i taksa, i thawmhnaw leh khawi hmunah pawh khawih loh tur a ni. Chutianga tih chuan sample chu a ti bawlhhlawh thei a ni.

Catheter hmanga sample lak

Thil bik thenkhatah chuan, entirnan, nangmah chauha i zun theih loh chuan doctor emaw nurse emaw chuan i zun kawng (urethra)-ah tube te tak te (catheter) dahin zun sample a la thei a ni. Chutianga an tih hmain i urethra chhehvel chu antiseptic solution hmangin an tifai ang. Tichuan catheter chu an dah lut ang a, zun chu bawm fai takah an la khawm ang. Chumi hnuah chuan catheter chu lakchhuah a ni ang.

Urinalysis hnuah eng nge thleng?

Sample i pek hnuah lab-ah test turin an thawn leh thin. Ka sawi tawh ang khan a chang chuan doctor chuan an office-ah ngei `dipstick` test a ti thei a, result rang tak a pe thei che a ni.

Engtin nge ka urinalysis result hi ka chhiar ang?

A tlangpuiin i zun test report-ah hian hetiang hi a lang ang:

• Test hming emaw, eng test nge tih emaw (e.g. Glucose, Protein, RBC).
• I result: Hei hi number a ni thei a, `positive` (yes) emaw `negative` (no) emaw, sawifiahna (e.g. color - yellow, clarity - clear) emaw pawh a ni thei. Chhiar theih thil a awm a, chu chu thisen sen, thisen var, bacteria te hi a ni a, a result chu ``tlem``, ``moderate``, emaw ``tam tak`` a ni thei.
• Chu test atana normal value emaw range emaw chu.
• I result chu normal range chhunga awm leh awm loh tarlanna chart .

I doctor-in test a tih dan azirin i report-ah hian result tam tak emaw, tlemte emaw a awm thei. Chûngte chu list emaw, table emaw angin a lang thei.

Urinalysis tih hian eng result pangngai nge a neih?

Normal value hi lab hrang hrangah a inang lo deuh thei a, mahse a tlangpuiin hetiang hian a lang tur a ni:

• A rawng: A sen hring atanga amber thleng.
• Fiahna: A chiang.
• pH value: 4.5 – 8.0 inkar a ni.
• Specific Gravity: 1.005 – 1.030 inkar a ni.
• Glucose: A tha lo hle.
• Ketones: A tha lo hle.
• Bilirubin: A tha lo hle.
• Nitrites: `(Negative)` a awm lo.
• Thisen/Hemoglobin: A tha lo.
• Protein: A awm lo emaw, a tlem hle emaw (Negative emaw Trace emaw).
• Leukocyte Esterase: A tha lo hle.
• Thisen var (WBC): 1.1.Microscope hmanga en chuan number hniam tak tak (e.g. HPF khatah 0-5).
• Thisen sen (RBC): Microscope hmanga en chuan a tlem hle (e.g. HPF khatah 0-2).
• Bacteria, yeast, crystal, cast: pakhat mah a awm lo emaw, a tlem hle emaw.

Urinalysis result hian eng nge a awmzia?

Urine test result ``positive`` emaw, normal range pawn lam emaw pawh nise, hriselna lama harsatna i nei thei tihna a ni. Mahse, hriat reng tur pakhat a awm. Doctor-te chuan zun test result chauh hmangin diagnosis an siam tlem hle. Results a dik lo a nih chuan doctor chuan a chhan hriat tumin test dang neih belh turin thu a pe thei bawk.

A result hriat nan eng chen nge hun a duh?

A tam zawkah chuan i zun test result chu ni khat emaw ni hnih emaw chhungin i hmu ang . I doctor chuan a hrilh ang che, a nih loh leh nangmah ngeiin i electronic health record-ah i zawng thei mai thei bawk.

Results pangngai lo ka hmuh chuan ka lungngai tur em ni?

Ni lo, test result pakhat a dik lo vang mai mai chuan natna khirh tak a ni tihna a ni lo. Thil pawi tak i nei tihna a ni lo. I doctor chuan result a en ang a, harsatna a awm tak tak em tih emaw, test tam zawk i mamawh em tih emaw a hrilh ang che. I damdawi lam dinhmun hmasa te, tuna i natna lan chhuah dan te, leh damdawi i ei mek te chu a ngaihtuah ang.

A chang chuan a hnuaia thilte hian zun test result a nghawng thei a ni:

• Damdawi leh supplement i ei ṭhenkhat, vitamin . Entirnan, metronidazole, vitamin C supplement te hi a ni.
• Sample lakkhawm a nih hian contamination a awm thei a, chu chu natna hrik emaw thil dang (e.g. vaginal discharge, menstrual blood) atanga lak a ni thei .

Engtikah nge doctor ka biak ang?

I zun-ah inthlak danglamna thar i hmuh chuan (e.g., rawng inthlak danglam reng, rim mak tak, emaw, a inmil dan inthlak danglam), emaw, i zun test result chungchanga zawhna i neih chuan i doctor nen inbiakna neihpui ngei ang che.

A tawp berah chuan (Take-Home Message) hi hre reng ang che.

Ni e, cup chhunga zun hi a buaithlak deuh thei a, a zahthlak bawk. Mahse he `Urinalysis` hi `noninvasive` test a ni a, kan taksaah harsatna leh natna thlen lovin doctor hnenah i hriselna chungchang thu hlu tak tak a pe a ni.

He test awlsam tak hian i doctor chu rang taka natna pakhat a hriat theih nan emaw, test dang i mamawh leh mamawh loh a rel theih nan emaw a pui thei a ni. Chuvangin, i doctor hnenah he test hi i mamawh chhan leh a result awmzia hi zawt hreh suh. A pawimawh ber chu i hriselna chungchang hriattir i ni!

` Urinalysis, Urinalysis, Urinary Tract Infection, Kal Natna, Zunthlum, Zun Sample