Kan mit atanga khawvel hmuh theihna tura min puitu kan "optic nerve" chungchang hi i zir chiang ang u.

Khawvela thil mawi tak takte hi engtin nge kan hmuh tih hi i ngaihtuah ngai em? Kan mit hi a takah chuan camera mak tak tak pahnih ang mai a ni. Mahse chu camera-in thlalak a lak chu la a, thluak hnenah, "Hei hi i hmuh kha a ni," ti tur chuan tumah an awm lo. Chu hna pawimawh tak chu kan mit nerve, chu chu `(Optic Nerve)` tih hian a thawk a ni. Chuvangin vawiin hian he optic nerve mak tak hi kan sawi dawn a ni.

Optic Nerve hi eng nge ni? A awlsam zawngin...

I mit chu camera sang tak a ni ang tih han ngaihtuah teh. He camera hnung lama part, retina an tih hian light a hmuchhuak a, electrical signal-ah a chantir a ni. Tunah chuan heng electrical signal te hi thluaka "computer" ah thawn chhuah a ngai ta a ni. Chumi atana hman tur cable bik chu optic nerve an ti a .

He optic nerve hi nerve fiber tha tak tak maktaduai tam tak atanga siam a ni. Dik tak chuan, heng nerve fiber-te hi i thil hmuh zawng zawng, thlalak, rawng leh pianzia ang chite thluaka thuchah kengtu an ni. Mit pahnih kan neih avangin mit nerve pahnih kan nei bawk a, pakhat chu mit dinglam tan leh pakhat chu mit veilam tan a ni. Hengte hi "one-way" pathway ang mai a ni a, thuchah chu kawng khatah chauh a keng tel a ni. Chu chu signals chu mit atanga thluak lam chauh a kal tihna a ni. He hmuh theih information hi an phurh bakah hian heng nerve te hian hna tenau dang engemaw zatah pawh an thawhhlawk hle bawk.

Kan lu chhungah hian thluak nena inzawm tlat nerve pahnih 12 a awm tih i hria em? Heng cranial nerve te hi `(Cranial nerves)` kan ti a. Chung zingah chuan mit nerve hi cranial nerve pahnihna a ni . Tin, `(Cranial Nerve II)` emaw `(CN II)` emaw an ti bawk. Hei hi cranial nerve dangte zingah chuan a danglam bik hle. Eng nge i hriat? Kan `(Central Nervous System - CNS)` ah hian mit nerve chauh hi a tel ve a ni. Central nervous system ah hian thluak, ruhro leh he mit nerve hi a tel a ni. Cranial nerve dang 11 te hi `(Peripheral Nervous System - PNS)` a mi an ni.

Optic nerve hi khawiah nge a awm? Engtin nge thluak lamah a kal?

Kan sawi dan chuan mit tin hnunglam atanga thluak thlengin optic nerve a kal thin. He zinkawng hi a buaithlak deuh a ni. Chu kawng chu engtin nge a lo pian chhuah tih hi han thlir ila:

1. Optic canal: Hei hi ruh hawnna (bony opening) a ni a, chu chu optic nerve-in luruh chhunga lutin thluak nena inzawm tir a ni. Tunnel te tak te ang mai a ni.

2. Optic chiasm: Hei hi "Y" tih ang chi junction pawimawh tak a ni. Hei hi mit pahnih atanga lo chhuak nerve fiber te inzawmkhawmna hmun a ni. Mak tak mai chu, hetah hian mit pahnih atanga lo chhuak nerve fiber thenkhat chu an inthlak thin. Chu chu mit dinglam atanga fiber lo chhuak thenkhat chu vei lamah an kal a, mit veilam atanga fiber lo chhuak thenkhat chu dinglamah an kal tihna a ni. Kawngpui pahnih inzawm khawm, motor thenkhat chu dinglam hawiin, thenkhat chu kawng dangah an inher bawk ang tih han mitthla teh. He switch hi a pawimawh hle. A chhan chu, hei hian thluak hian mit pahnih atanga lo chhuak thlalak te chu a rawn inzawm khawm thei a, thlalak pakhat, chiang tak min hmuhtir thei a ni. Chutiang a nih loh chuan engkim hi pahnih-ah kan hmu vek ang!

3. Thluak: 1.1.Optic chiasm-a an inzawm hnuah heng nerve fiber te hi thluaka an lut a. Thluak hnung lama occipital lobe-a visual cortex-ah direct-in an kal a ni. Hei hi kan thil hmuh chu kan "process" tihna a ni a, chu chu kan hrethiam tihna a ni.

Chutiang chuan visual cortex panna kawngah chuan nerve fiber tlemte tak tak pawh kawng dangah an branch off bawk. Chungte chu visual cortex-ah an kal lo. Chu ai chuan kan taksaa hna pawimawh dang engemaw zatah an pui zawk a ni.

Optic nerve hian eng hna dang nge a thawh belh?

Min hmuh theihna tura min pui ber bâkah, mit nerve aṭanga branch chhuak nerve fiber tê tête chuan thil dang kan ti thei a ni.

• Pupil reflexes: Eng êng tak i hmuh nghal chuan mit (mit ring dum lai tak, circle te tak te) chu a lo tlem tih i hre tawh mai thei. Thim lama i kir leh chuan a lian chho zel a. Hei hi mit chhunga êng lut zat control nan a ni. Hei hi a thleng thuai a ngai a, chuvang chuan he thila inrawlh nerve fiber te hi visual cortex an thlen hmain an inthen darh ta a ni.
• Accommodation reflex: Mit chhunga lens awm dan hi i hnaih ber emaw, hmun hla tak emaw i en hian a danglam thin. Ciliary body chhunga muscle te hian hei hi an pui thin. Heng muscle te hi optic nerve atanga signal lo chhuak hmangin an thawk chhuak thin. Hei hian mit chu eng hla takah pawh a focus thei a ni.
• Circadian rhythm: Hei hi kan taksa "biological clock" a ni. He darkar hian thil tam tak a control a, chung zingah chuan kan mut leh harh cycle, thisen sang, taksa lum leh thisen sugar level te pawh a tel. Optic nerve atanga fiber thenkhat branch off chuan thluak hnenah an hmuh êng chu an hrilh thin. Mi tam zawk thluak hian he thu hi zan leh zan hriatthiam nan leh he circadian rhythm hi vawng reng turin a hmang thin.

Ngaihtuah teh, optic nerve hi kan thil hmuhte thluaka phurtu "cable" mai ni lovin, kan taksaa hna pawimawh tak tak dang tam takah a inrawlh a ni.

Eng natna leh dinhmun nge mit nerve nghawng?

Vanduaithlak takin natna thenkhat chuan he mit nerve hlu tak hi a tichhe thei a ni. Chutiang a nih chuan kan mit a tichhe thei a, a bo vek thei bawk. Heng condition thenkhat hi han en ila:

• Glaucoma: Hei hi mit chhungah tui a lo pungkhawm a, pressure a sang chho zel a ni. He pressure hian optic nerve a tichhe thei a ni. A tir lamah chuan symptoms a lang lo fo thin a, chuvangin fimkhur a ngai.
• Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy: Hei hi mit nerve-a thisen petu thisen kalna kawngte a inkharkhip chuan a thleng thin. Hei hian mit a hloh nghal thei a ni.
• Congenital abnormalities: Hengte hi pian tirh atanga mit nerve hmasawnna lama inthlak danglamna a ni.
• Mit lam atrophy: 1.1.Thlai chu tui tel lova a thi ang bawkin, mit nerve-in hun rei tak chhung thisen tling tawk a neih loh chuan, chu nerve chu a lo tlem thei a, a thawk tha lo thei bawk.
• Optic nerve coloboma: Hei hi thlahtute atanga lo chhuak a ni a, mit nerve hmasawnna a tichhe thei a ni. Mit pakhat emaw, mit pahnih emaw a nghawng thei.
• Optic nerve drusen: Hengte hi protein, calcium leh thau compound atanga siam deposit te te an ni. Mit hnung lamah, mit nerve bulah an awm khawm thei bawk.
• Optic nerve gliomas: Gliomas hi mit nerve chhunga tumor lo awm thei a ni. Mahse, a tam zawkah chuan cancer vei an ni lo.
• Optic nerve meningiomas: Hengte pawh hi a lo thang zawi zawi a, cancer nei lo tumor a ni a, mahse mitdelna nasa tak a thlen thei lo.
• Optic neuritis: Infection thenkhat emaw autoimmune diseases multiple sclerosis (MS) vangin optic nerve hi a hring thei a, a inflamed thei bawk.
• Papilledema: Brain tumor, traumatic brain injury, emaw meningitis ang chi thil avanga thluak chhunga pressure a san chuan optic nerve a lo hring thei.
• Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD): Hei hi kan taksa hriselna (immune system) ngeiin mit nerve leh ruhro (spinal cord) a rawn beih sual hian a ni.

Optic nerve disorders natna lan chhuah dan tlangpui chu engte nge ni?

Optic nerve-a harsatna a awm chuan symptom hrang hrang a thlen thei a ni. A hnuaia dinhmun (underlying condition) ah a innghat. Chung chhinchhiahna thenkhat chu rei lo te chhung atan a ni thei a, thenkhat erawh chu a awm reng thei bawk. Heng a lan chhuah dan tlangpui thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Mit hmuhnaah hmun dum (Scotomas) a awm.
• Mit hmuh a fiah lo.
• Color blindness chu rawng hrang hrang thliar hran theih loh hi a ni.
• Thil pahnih vawi khata hmuh (Diplopia).
• Mit na emaw, nuam lo emaw.
• Mit a hring chhuak.
• Photopsias (mit hmaa êng hmuh).
• Lu na.
• Nausea leh luak chhuak.
• Zan lama mitdelna (Nyctalopia), chu chu zan lama hmuh theih loh tihna a ni.
• Partial vision loss (low vision) emaw, mit hmuhna hloh vek emaw.
• Peripheral vision a tlahniam.
• Mit hmuhna hloh nghal mai.
• Visual field defects, chu chu full range of vision hmun thenkhat i hmu thei lo tihna a ni.

Heng symptoms pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw i neih chuan doctor lam pan vat a pawimawh hle.

Engtin nge kan mit nerve te hi kan humhim theih ang?

Kan mit leh mit nerve venhimna atan hian thil engemaw zat kan tih theih a awm. Chûngte zawm chuan hun rei tak chhûng mit hmuhna ṭha vawng reng tûrin a ṭanpui thei che a ni.

• Mit enfiah fo thin ang che: Glasses i mamawh lo a nih pawhin kum khatah vawi khat tal mit doctor hnenah i mit enfiah tir thin ang che. Optic nerve problem tam tak hi a hmaa man a nih chuan enkawl a awlsam zawk.
• Rihna hrisel tak vawng reng rawh: Thau lutuk hian zunthlum leh thisen sang ang chi natna a thlen thei a, chu chu mit nerve tan pawh a pawi hle.
• I nerve mamawh nutrients te chu la rawh: Vitamins B1, B6, B12, leh copper te hi nerve hrisel tak tak neih nan a pawimawh hle. Ei leh in inthlau tak ei a pawimawh.
• Thisen kal dan, thluak hriselna, mit leh nerve tichhe thei natna te control: Zunthlum leh thisen sang ang chi natna i neih chuan control tha rawh.
• Zuk leh hmuam thil siam loh tur: Meizial zuk (cigarette, beedis) chauh ni lovin, zuk leh hmuam tel lo (chewing tobacco, chewing tobacco) leh ``(vaping)`` te pawh hi mit leh mit nerve tan a hlauhawm hle. I hman a nih chuan titawp la, a nih loh leh i tan tawh a nih chuan tan suh.
• I lu leh mit venghim rawh: Lirthei-a i chuan dawnin seat belt vuah tur a ni. Sports khelh emaw, machinery hmanga hnathawh emaw hian helmet leh safety goggles vuah thin ang che.
• I mit chu chhiatna laka humhim rawh: Ni chhuahna hmuna i chhuah hunah sunglass vuah thin ang che. Hei hian i mit a nghawng chu a ti tlem thei a ni.

Engtikah nge Doctor kan hmuh ang?

I mit hmuhna a danglam zauh zauh a, mit na a pung emaw, mit a tlahniam emaw (entir nan, mit a fiah lo, a pahnih hmuh theih loh) i hmuh chuan mit lam doctor emaw, i chhungkaw doctor emaw pan ngei ngei tur a ni.

A bik takin, i mit hmuh danah inthlak danglamna rapthlak tak i nei a, emaw, i mit i hloh a, chutiang chu a la thleng ngai lo a nih chuan damdawi lam pan vat tur a ni. Emergency a ni thei bawk.

A tawp berah chuan thil hriat reng tur (Take-Home Message) .

Optic nerve hi kan mit leh kan thluak inzawmtu "data cable" ang a ni. A hnathawh that hma chuan a hlutna kan hre lo mai thei. Mahse thil engemaw a kalsual chuan a hlut zia kan hre thei chauh a ni.

I mit nerve hriselna venhimna tur thil tam tak a awm a. Chuvangin i mit enkawl hi i mawhphurhna a ni.

I mit hmuh dan inthlak danglamna emaw, i mit hrisel taka awm theih dan tur emaw zawhna i neih chuan mit lama mithiamte biak hreh suh. Anni chuan an pui thei che a, a tul anga kaihhruaina pawh an pe thei che a ni. Khawvel mawi tak hi chiang taka hmuh theih nan mit nerve hrisel hi a pawimawh hle tih hre reng ang che!

` Mit Nerve, Mit Nerve, Hmuh theihna, Thluak, Mit Hriselna, Glaucoma