Mit hmuh theihna tura puitu magic chu! Retina chungchang hi a awlsam zawngin i zir dawn nia.

Khawvela thil mawi tak tak te, rawng hrang hrang te, kan thiante leh kan chhungte hi engtin nge chiang taka kan hmuh theih tih hi i ngaihtuah ngai em? A nihna takah chuan kan mit chhungah hian thil mak tak, buaithlak tak tak a awm a. Chutiang thil tihnaah chuan a bulpui ber pakhat chu retina emaw English-a kan sawi angin retina emaw hi a ni . Chuvangin, vawiin hian he hmun pawimawh tak, (Retina) hi i hriatthiam theih tur awlsam taka hmuh theihna tura min puitu hi kan sawi dawn a ni.

Retina hi eng nge ni tak tak?

A awlsam zawngin, i retina chu i mitmeng hnung lama cell layer a ni. Camera chhunga film awm ang mai a ni. Pawn lam atanga êngin retina a rawn deng chuan chu êng chu nerve signal-ah a chantir a, chu chu electrical message tenau tak a ni. Chumi hnuah chuan heng signal te hi i optic nerve kaltlangin i thluak thlengin an kal a ni. Thluak hian heng signal te hi a zirchiang a, "Aw, pangpar a awm," leh "Hetah hian nu a awm," tih te min hrilh a, chu chu vision min pe a ni .

Ngaihtuah teh, he mit peng retina an tih hian hna a thawk tha lo a nih chuan khawvel kan hmuh dan hi a danglam vek thei a ni. A châng chuan mit hmuhna a fiah lo thei a, mit peng ṭhenkhat a bo thei a, a bo vek thei bawk. A tam zawkah chuan mit (retina) chhiatna hi a awm reng a, enkawl vat loh chuan mit hmuh leh a harsa hle. Chuvang chuan i mit emaw, i mit hmuh danah emaw inthlak danglamna rapthlak tak i hmuh chuan doctor pan nghal a pawimawh hle.

Retina hi khawiah nge a awm? A peng hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?

I retina hi i mit hnunglam ber ah a awm a. I mit rawng (iris kan tih) leh lens hnung lamah a awm a ni. Focus dik tak a nih chuan light rays chu a inzawm khawm a, retina-ah a tla nghal vek a ni.

Retina hi hmunpui pahnih a awm a. Anni chu:

1. Macula tih a ni

2. Retina (Peripheral Retina) a awm

Heng zawng zawng hi a hranin han thlir ila.

Macula tih hming pu part chu

Hei hi retina lairil a hmun tenau sensitive tak tak a ni. Macula hi kan thil hmuha thil chipchiar tak tak leh rawng chi hrang hrang chiang taka thliar hran theihna tura min puitu a ni. Ngaihtuah teh, lehkhabu i chhiar a, i ṭhian hmel i en a, car i khalh a... Hengte hi macula-a cell bik , cone cells an tihte chu an ni. Heng cell te hi rawng chi hrang hrang leh hmuhna fiah tak petu an ni.

Macula hi mit peng pakhat a ni a, kan mit hmuhna fiah tak, chiang tak leh rawng hrang hranga chei theihna atana pawimawh tak a ni.

A hmun chu peripheral retina an ti a

Hei hi macula hualtu retina hmun lian tak a ni. Hmalam lam i hawi nghal pawhin i chhehvel thilte chu i hmu thei lo.Hei hi peripheral retina vang a ni. Tin, êng hniam takah, chu chu zan lamah, êng hriatna cell chi danglam tak rod cell an tih chu he hmunah hian hmuh tur a awm bawk. Chûngte chu rawng hriat thiam vak lo mah se, dum leh var leh êng hniam takah pawh kan hmu thei a ni.

Retina tibuaitu natna tlanglawn tak takte chu engte nge ni?

Vanduaithlak takin mit natna dang tam tak pawhin mit natna (retina) a nghawng thei bawk. Thil awm dan tlangpui thenkhat chu:

• Kum upa lam nena inzawm Macular Degeneration (AMD): Hei hi kan sawi tawh mit peng pakhat, macula an tih chu kan tar chhoh zel a chhiat hun a ni. Hei hian fine vision leh reading ang chi thilte chu a ti harsa hle.
• Diabetes-related Retinopathy: Hun a kal zel a, zunthlum vei te hian an mit thisen kalna kawng a tichhia a, mit (retina) a nghawng thei a ni. Enkawl loh chuan hei hian mitdelna a thlen thei a ni.
• Hypertensive Retinopathy: Thisen sang hian mit chhunga thisen kalna kawng a tichhe thei a, mitmeng lamah harsatna a thlen thei bawk.
• Macular Hole: Macula lai takah khur te tak te a awm.
• Macular Pucker: Macula chungah film te tak te a lo awm a, chu chuan mit a tichhe thei a ni.
• Ocular Migraine: Mi thenkhat chuan migraine an neih laiin an mit hmaah êng a rawn lang thei a, hun engemaw chen chu an mit an tidel thei bawk.
• Posterior Vitreous Detachment (PVD): Hei hi mit chhunga jelly ang chi (vitreous) chu retina atanga a inthen a ni. Hei hi kan tar chhoh zel chuan a thleng fo thin.
• Retinal Bleeding/Hemorrhage: Retina chhunga thisen kalna kawng te tak te atanga thisen chhuak.
• Retinal Detachment leh Retinal Tears: Hei hi emergency a ni! Retina hi mitmeng hnunglam bang atang hian a inthen a. Inenkawl vat a ngai a ni.
• Retinal Vein Occlusion emaw Retinal Artery Occlusion / Eye Stroke: Thluak lama stroke ang bawkin mit hnena thisen petu thisen kalna kawng chu a block ta a ni.
• Retinal Inflammation / Uveitis: Mit peng thenkhat, mit (retina) te pawh a na.
• Retinitis Pigmentosa: Hei hi thlahtu natna a ni a, zawi zawiin mit a tichhe a, a bik takin zan lama mit leh peripheral vision a tichhe thin.
• Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP): Nausen piang hmaa lo awm thei natna a ni.
• Ni zung hmanga mit natna (Solar Retinopathy):Invenna tel lova ni (a bik takin ni tlak lai) direct-a en hian mit (retina) a tichhia thei a ni.
• Mit Cancer (Retinoblastoma) leh tumor tha lo dang, entirnan.
• Color blindness, entirnan (Achromatopsia) - chu chu rawng engmah hmuh theih lohna a ni.

He list hi hmuh hlau suh. Heng zawng zawng hi mi zawng zawngah a thleng vek dawn lo. Mahse heng thilte hi a awm tih hriat a pawimawh.

Retina problem a awm chuan eng symptoms nge a neih?

I retina-ah harsatna a awm chuan symptom thenkhat i nei thei. Heng zinga pakhat tal i tawn chuan doctor pan ngei ngei tur a ni:

• Blurry or distorted vision: Thil chu a chiang lo niin a lang a, a nih loh leh a stretched emaw rough emaw angin a lang.
• Peripheral vision loss / Tunnel vision: Tube hmanga en ang maiin i peripheral vision a tlahniam.
• Mit pahnih hmuh theihna (Diplopia).
• Mit a eng/Photopsias.
• I mit hmaa dot dum te emaw, thread emaw te te lo inhnim (Eye floaters / Myodesopsias) hmuh. Chûngte chu a lo pung thut emaw, a lo lian emaw a nih chuan fimkhur hle ang che.
• Eng hriatna, êng en thiam lohna (Light sensitivity / Photophobia).
• Blind spot/scotomas emaw mitdelna emaw a awm thei.
• Hmuhna chu zawi zawiin, rang takin, a nih loh leh chiang taka a lo nasat chuan.

Heng symptoms pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw i neih chuan ngaihthah suh. A bik takin an tan nghal a nih chuan, darkar tlemte emaw ni khat emaw ni hnih emaw chhunga an tan chuan emergency a ni thei tihna a ni.

Retina enfiah nan hian eng test nge hman thin?

Mit lam doctor i hmuh chuan i mit an enfiah hunah i retina an en ngei ang. A châng chuan, damdawi hmangin i mit an tizau ang. I retina en nana test bik tih thin thenkhat chu:

• Fundoscopy / Ophthalmoscopy: Doctor chuan i mit chhung lam chu light leh lens bik (ophthalmoscope) hmangin a en a, retina, optic nerve, leh thisen kalna kawngte a enfiah thin.
• Slit Lamp Exam: Hei pawh hi microscope bik ang a ni. Mit hma leh hnunglam a ti lian thei a, retina pawh a ti lian thei bawk.
• Fundus Photography: Retina thlalak a la thin. Hei hi a hnua en leh tehkhin nan a tangkai hle.
• Fundus Reflex / Red Reflex Testing: Hei hi naupang tê tê mit enfiah hunah a pawimawh hle. Mit chungah eng a eng chuan mit chu red reflex a awm leh awm loh enfiah thin a ni.
• Visual Acuity Testing: Hei hi test lar tak, hla tak atanga lehkha chhiar theihna a ni. Engtiang chiahin nge i hmuh theih tih a teh a ni.
• Visual Field Tests: I peripheral vision awm dan enfiah.

Heng test te hian i doctor chu i retina-ah harsatna a awm leh awm loh a hriat theih nan a pui thei a ni.

Engtin nge kan mit (retina) hi kan humhim ang?

Kan mit hi a hlu ang bawkin kan retina pawh hi a hlu a ni. Chuvangin humhalh hi kan ngaihven vek tur a ni.

• I mit enfiah fo rawh: Glasses i vuah emaw i vuah lo emaw pawh ni se, kum khatah vawi khat tal mit doctor pan la, kum hnih danah vawi khat tal hmu rawh . I mit tichhe thei dinhmun dang, zunthlum ang chi i neih chuan kum khatah vawi khat tal i mit i enfiah ngei ngei tur a ni . I doctor chuan eng chen nge i mit enfiah tur tih a hrilh ang che.
• I taksa rihna hrisel tak vawng reng rawh.
• Ei leh in inthlau tak ei rawh: Vitamin A, C, E, leh zinc ang chi nutrient te hi i mit tan a tha hle. I ei tur ah hian thlai hring, thei leh sangha (a bik takin sangha hriak nei, salmon leh tuna ang chi) te pawh telh la.
• Infiamna khelh emaw, mit tana hlauhawm thei hna (e.g., thing hnathawh, welding) i tih hian mit venna vuah fo ang che.
• Ni laka inveng rawh: Pawn lama i chhuah dawnin UV rays laka invenna tur polarized sunglass vuah thin ang che. Ni lam chu direct-in en suh.
• I retina chu êng chak tak lakah humhim rawh: Welding light emaw magnesium hal emaw (kawngpui sira flare leh camping fire starter-a hmuh theih) ang chi thilte chu direct-in en suh. Chûngte chuan chhiatna nghet tak a thlen thei a ni.
• I mit hmuhna inthlak danglamna chu ngaihthah suh: Thil a inthlak zauh zauh a nih pawhin, "A pawi lo," tih mai mai suh.

Engtikah nge Doctor ka hmuh ang?

I mit hmuh danah danglamna i hmuh veleh doctor pan nghal la, thil tenau nia i ngaih pawhin. I glasses thlak hun a ni mai thei. A nih loh leh thil pawi zawk pawh a ni thei bawk. Symptoms a zual zel hun nghak suh.

I mit a hloh thut a nih chuan, emaw, mit hmuhna danglamna thar (e.g., êng eng, floater tam tak hmuh) i neih thut chuan (chu chu minute tlemte emaw darkar tlemte emaw chhungin) damdawi in emergency room-ah kal nghal rawh.

Heng symptoms te hian rang takin siamthat theih loh chhiatna leh mitdelna a thlen thei a, chuvangin ngaihthah ngai suh.

A tawi zawngin, thil hriat reng tur

Okay, chuti a nih chuan vawiin hian retina chungchang hi kan sawi nasa hle a ni lawm ni? Kan vision atan a pawimawh zia i hrethiam mai thei. Retina hi kan hmuh êng chu thluak hriatthiam theih ṭawnga letlingtu a ni. A tel lo chuan he khawvel mawi tak hi kan hmu thei lovang.

Chuvangin, i mit (retina) enkawl hi i mit venhimna lian ber pakhat a ni. I mit hmuhnaah "thil danglam" emaw, "danglam" emaw i hmuh chuan, chu chu doctor nen inbiaknaah chuan rilru hah suh. A chhan chu natna i hriat chian thuai a, enkawl i tan chuan harsatna lian tham i pumpelh theihna chance a sang zawk a ni. I mit venhimna chu nangmah kutah a awm!

` Retina, mit hriselna, mit hmuhna, mit natna, macula, mit test