B cells chungchang hi a awlsam zawngin i zir dawn teh ang? I taksa humhimtu te te!

Kan taksa chhungah hian hmuh theih loh indona a awm reng em tih i ngaihtuah ngai em? Ni e, a dik a ni. Kan taksa chhunga vengtu te te hian pawn lam atanga natna lo chhuak thei hrik te chu an do thin. Chu vengtu zinga pawl pawimawh tak chu heng B cell te hi an ni. Vawiin hian heng B cells te leh natna laka min ven dan te kan sawi dawn a ni.

B cells hi eng nge ni tak tak?

A hmaa kan sawi tawh ang khan B cell hi kan thisena thisen var chi khat a ni. `(B lymphocytes)` kan ti bawk. Heng B cells te hi i immune system, taksa defence system, natna laka vengtu tur pawimawh tak an ni. An hna ber chu taksaa lut thin `(pathogens)` – virus, bacteria, leh parasite ang chi thil tha lo tak takte do turin protein bik `(antibodies)` an tih siam hi a ni.

B cells leh T cells te hi cell chi hnih, thisen var chi khat, lymphocytes an tih zinga mi an ni. Heng lymphocyte te hian invader leh cancer cell ang chi cell pangngai lo te chu an do thin. T cells hian natna hrik a tichhia a, taksa peng dangah signal thawnin immune system a coordinate a ni. B cell erawh chuan antigens chhanna atan antibody an siam thung. Antigens hi ID card ang mai a ni. Heng antibodies te hian kan immune system te hian kan taksa chhunga thil awmte a hriat theih nan a pui a, a bik takin thil tha lo, virus leh bacteria te hi a hriat theih nan a pui thin.

B cell chi hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?

Okay, tunah chuan B cells hi eng nge an nih i hre tawh ang. B cell hi chi hnih lian tak a awm a. Plasma cell leh memory cell an ni. Heng chi hnih hian natna laka min venghim thei a ni. Engtin nge tih i en ang u.

Plasma cells te chu a awm a

Heng plasma cell te hi a hmaa kan sawi tawh angin antigens te chhanna atan antibodies tichhuaktu an ni. Hmelma hmuh theiha kah ang maiin han ngaihtuah teh. B cell pakhat chu plasma cell-ah a inthlak tawh chuan second khatah antibodies 2,000 vel a chhuak thei a ni! Chu chu thil mak a ni lo maw? Heng plasma cell te hi plasmacyte leh effector cell an ti bawk. Mahse, an dam chhung hi memory cell aiin a tawi deuh hlek a ni.

Hriatrengna cells te

A hming hian a tilang chiang hle a ni lawm ni? Heng memory cell te hian antigen bik an hre reng thin. Tichuan, chu antigen chu nakin lawkah kan taksaah a lo kir leh a nih chuan, kan taksa hriselna (immune system) chuan rang takin, inbuatsaihna ang maiin, invenna kawng a la thei a ni. Hmêlma hriat tawh kan chhân lêt nghâl ang bawkin. Plasma cell-te hian antibody an siam a, chutih laia invader-te an do hian memory cell-te chuan nakin lawka indona kan neih theih nan min pui a ni. Entirnan, hei hi vaccine kan hmuh zat chu a ni. Vaccine hian a tih tur chu kan immune system chu antigen engemaw takah a luhtir hi a ni. Tichuan kan hriatrengna cell te hian an hrechhuak ta a ni. Chu natna hrik chu a hnuah a lo kir leh tak tak a nih chuan kan taksa hian rang takin a bei thei a ni.

Engvangin nge B cells hi kan tan a pawimawh?

B cells hi kan adaptive immune system-ah hian a pawimawh hle. Tunah chuan adaptive immune system hi eng nge ni tih i ngaihtuah mai thei. Kan taksa hriselna (immune system) hi a bulpui ber pahnih a awm a. Pakhat chu innate immune system a ni a, pakhat chu adaptive immune system a ni. Innate immune system hi line of defense hmasa ber ang mai a ni a, eng hlauhawm pawh a chhang let thin. Mahse adaptive immune system hi a specialized zawk a ni. Hlauhawm bik – chu chu virus, bacteria, etc. bik – a hre chiang a, a do thin.

Chuvangin, B cell-te tih chu chu antigen emaw, chu antigen nena inzawm natna hrik emaw tichhe thei antibodies siam chhuah hi a ni. Tin, B cells te hian antigens bik an hre reng thei bawk. Tichuan, chu natna hrik chu taksaah a lo kir leh a nih chuan kan immune system chuan a laka invenna tha tak a siam thei a ni. A awlsam zawngin, B cells awm lo se chuan kan taksa hian hmêlma bik a hre thei lo vang a, anmahni do turin ralthuam (antibodies) bik a siam thei lo vang a, chu hmêlma chu a hre reng ang a, an lo kir leh chuan hma a la nghal vat thei lo vang.

Engtin nge B cells te hian immune system ah hna an thawh?

Thil kalphung buaithlak tak ni mahse, awlsam taka hriatthiam tum ila. B cells hian immune system-a cell dangte nen hian min ti natu invader tha lo tak takte chu an do a, chubakah cancer cell ang chi cell pangngai lo te pawh an do bawk. B cell chu ‘activated’ a nih chuan plasma cell a lo ni ta a, chu chuan antigen pakhat chhanna atan antibodies a siam a, a nih loh leh memory cell a lo ni ta a, chu antigen chu a hre reng a ni. Chutiang chuan nakin lawkah a lo let leh a nih chuan rang takin a hrechhuak thei a, a do thei bawk.

A tlangpuiin, immune system-in invader do turin B cells a mamawh hian hengte hi a thleng thin thenkhat chu a ni:

• Pakhatnaah chuan, antigen-presenting cell (APC) an tih cell bik chu invader antigen-ah a inzawm a, a then te tein a then a. Chumi hnuah APC chuan antigen piece te chu Major Histocompatibility-II complex (MHC-II) an tih molecule ah a dah a.
• A dawtah chuan helper T cells (T cell chi khat pawh) an rawn lut a, chu MHC-II complex chu an inzawm khawm ta a ni. He binding hi helper T cells te tichaktu a ni. Heng helper T cells te hi an pawimawh hle a, a chhan chu B cells te hi ‘hnathawh tur’ signal pe thin an nih vang a ni.
• Activated T cell chu B cell pakhatah a inzawm a. Chu B cell chuan a copy a siam tan a, a nih loh leh ``clones.'' Chung B cell thenkhat chu plasma cell an lo ni ta a, chu chuan antibodies a siam thei a ni. B cell dangte chu memory cell-ah an chang a, taksaah an dah khawm a ni.
• Ni engemaw zat hnuah chuan plasma cell-te chuan antibody maktaduai tam tak an siam chhuak ta a ni. Heng antibodies tinte hi chu antigen siamtu pathogen bik chauh tihchhiat tura siam a ni. Chumi awmzia chu antibody pakhat chauh hian hmelma chi khat chauh a target thei tihna a ni.
• Heng antibodies te hi antigen emaw, antigenic marker nei pathogen part emaw ah an inzawm a ni. Vawikhat a inzawm tawh chuan natna hrik hian taksa a tichhe thei tawh lo.

Police operation ang maiin han ngaihtuah teh. A hmasa berin signal a rawn lut a (APC hmanga antigen hriatchhuah). Tichuan team bik (helper T cells) an rawn lut a, team dang (B cells) an hriattir a. Chu team thenkhat chu indonaah an lut nghal a (plasma cells), thenkhat erawh chuan nakin lawka hlauhawm tur (memory cells) atan an inbuatsaih thung.

B cells te hi khawiah nge an awm?

B cell awmna hmun hi an lo pian chhuah dan azirin a inang lo. Ngaihtuah teh, nausen i nih lai, chu chu i nu pum chhungah hian B cells hi liver-ah siam a ni. Mahse kan pian hnuah chuan B cells te hi kan ruh chhunga tissue nem, spongy tissue ah an lo thang lian thin. Chu chu ruhro (bone marrow) kan tih chu a ni. Hematopoietic stem cell angin an intan thin. Tichuan, hematopoiesis an tih hmangin B cell an lo ni ta a ni. A puitlin chuan i B cells te chu i lymphatic system hmun pawimawh takah an kal thin. Entirnan, spleen leh lymph node te.

B cells nena inzawm natna tlanglawn tak tak awm thei te chu engte nge ni?

Kan B cell-ah thil danglam tak a thleng a nih chuan autoimmune natna leh cancer chi hrang hrang a thlen thei a ni. Chu chu han thlir ila.

Autoimmune natna te

A châng chuan, hetiang hi a thleng ṭhin. Kan B cells te hian kan cell hrisel tak takah antigens te chhanna atan antibodies an siam thin. Tichuan, chu antibody te chuan kan cell hrisel tak takte chu natna hrik hlauhawm tak bei ang maiin an bei ta a ni. Mahni chhungkua ngei pawh beih ang mai a ni. Chu chu autoimmune diseases kan tih chu a ni. Entirna tlemte chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Lupus a ni
• Multiple sclerosis natna a ni
• Rheumatoid arthritis natna a ni
• Type 1 zunthlum vei a ni

Cancer natna vei te

Cancer chi hrang hrang a awm a, chungte chu B cells te hi a lo thang lian lo hle a ni. Chumi awmzia chu B cells te chu thunun theih lohvin an pung tan tihna a ni. Chung zinga ṭhenkhat chu:

• Acute lymphocytic leukemia vang a ni
• Lymphocytic leukemia natna rei tak awm thei
• Hodgkin lymphoma natna a ni
• Hodgkin ni lo lymphoma a awm
• B-cell lymphoma `(B-cell lymphoma)` tih a ni
• Multiple myeloma a awm thei
• Waldenström-a natna (macroglobulinemia) a ni

B cells te tan hian normal range chu engzat nge ni?

Puitling pakhatin thisen microliter khatah lymphocyte 1,000 leh 4,800 inkar a nei a. B cells hian i lymphocyte zawng zawng atanga 10% atanga 20% vel a siam a ni.

Mahse, i B cell count chu a tam lutuk emaw, a hniam lutuk emaw reng reng a nih chuan, damdawi lam dinhmun i nei tihna a ni thei tih hre reng ang che. Doctor chuan chiang taka hriat theih nan test a neih a ngai dawn a ni.

Ka B cells hriselna enfiahna atana test hman tlanglawn ber berte chu engte nge ni?

I doctor chuan i taksaah lymphocyte engzat nge i neih tih chu test awlsam tak Complete Blood Count (CBC) tih hmangin a hre thei ang. Mahse, lymphocyte chi hrang hrang, B cell leh T cell te chungchang thu a pe lo.

I doctor-in i B cell-a thil danglam tak nena inzawm natna i neih a rinhlelh chuan, lymphocyte chi hrang hrang, lymphocyte profile (T leh B cell count), emaw, B-cell leukemia/lymphoma panel emaw ang chi, lymphocyte chi hrang hrang chungchâng hriatna pe thei test dang a order thei a ni.

Kan B cells te hrisel taka awm reng turin eng nge kan tih theih ang?

B cells ‘boost’ theihna tur natural way pawm lar tak a awm lo. Mahse, i immune system hrisel taka awm theihna tur leh i neih tawh B cells venhimna tur thil i tih theih a awm. Heng thil tam tak hi common sense ang maiin a lang thei a, mahse a takah chuan i taksa B cells, leh immune system resources hlu dangte chu a boral loh nan a veng a ni. Kan car te hi enkawl that a nih chuan a rei zawk ang bawkin.

I immune system hrisel taka awm theih nan hengte hi i ti thei ang:

• Vaccine rawt zawng zawng la vek rawh.
• Ei leh in tha leh inthlau tak ei rawh.
• I stress kha uluk takin enkawl rawh.
• Zu in loh tur, a nih loh leh a tlem berah hmang thin ang che.
• Meizial (cigarette, vaping) in loh tur. I tih chuan bânsan rawh.
• Zan tin darkar sarih atanga darkar riat tal mut thin ang che.
• Kar khatah minute 150 tal exercise tlemte nei rawh.
• Sahbawn hmangin kut sil fo la, hand sanitizer hmang bawk ang che.

T cell leh B cell hi eng nge an danglamna?

T cells, B cells, leh B cells te hian natna thlentu natna hrik lakah min venghim vek a ni. Mahse immune system-ah hian hna hrang hrang an thawk thung. T cells hian immune response control tu signal an thawn thin (hengte hi helper T cells an ti) emaw, natna hrik emaw, infected cells emaw direct-in an tichhia (hengte hi cytotoxic T cells an ti) emaw a ni.

Mahse B cells hian antigens chhanna atan antibodies an tih protein an siam a, chu chu taksaah invader pakhat taksaah a lut tih hriattirna signal a ni. A pawimawh ber chu invader hi B cell hian direct-in a titawp lo va, B cell siam antibodies te hian a titawp zawk a ni.

A tawp berah chuan thil hriat reng tur

Chuvangin, B cells awm lo se chuan kan taksa hian antibody a siam thei dawn lo. Heng antibodies te hi protein pawimawh tak tak an ni a, natna hrik hlauhawm tak takte dotu an ni. Lymphocyte dang leh thisen var cell te nen hian i B cells te hi natna laka fihlimtu leh cell pangngai lo laka venghimtu an ni.

Chuvangin, i B cells te hi enkawl rawh. Nitin i taksa hriselna zawng zawng hrisel taka awm theihna tura pui thei thil ti thin ang che. Sawi tawh ang khan ei tha la, mu tha la, exercise la, stress tihziaawm la, a hun taka shot la rawh. Heng thil awlsam tak takte hian i taksa chhunga heng vengtu te te te hi nasa takin a tichak ang.

` B cell, B lymphocyte, antibody, immune system, lymphocyte, natna hrik, plasma cell, hriatrengna cell