Thir hi taksa tana tha a nih zia kan naupan lai atang tawhin kan hre vek tawh a, thir a tlakchham chuan natna kan nei dawn tih kan hre vek a. "Iron tlakchhamna" kan sawi fo thin, chu chu thisen tlakchhamna (anemia) tihna a ni. Mahse, taksaa iron tam lutuk pawh hi harsatna lian tak a ni thei tih i ngaihtuah ngai em? Ni e, a dik a ni. Hetiang dinhmun hi damdawi lama "hemochromatosis" emaw "iron overload" emaw kan tih mai hi a ni. Vawiin hian he dinhmun hi mi tam takin an hriat loh, mahse mi zawng zawngin kan hriat chian a ngai tih kan sawi a ni.
Hemochromatosis hi eng nge ni tak tak?
A awlsam zawngin, hei hi i taksain i ei tur atanga iron a mamawh aia tam a lakluh hian a ni. A tlangpuiin kan taksa hian thir a mamawh zat chauh a la thei a, a bak zawng chu a hnawl thei hle. Mahse hemochromatosis vei pakhatah chuan he control system-ah hian thil dik lo a awm a ni.
Chuvangin, taksa atanga he thir tam zawk hi lakchhuah theih a nih loh avangin taksa chuan taksa peng hrang hrangah a dah tan ta a ni. Kan in kil khatah thil duh loh kan dahkhawm ang bawkin. Hun a kal zel a, he iron hi taksa peng lian tak tak , thinlung, thin leh pancreas-ah te a awm khawm a, chu taksa peng hrang hrangte chu a tichhia a ni. Enkawl loh chuan hei hi nunna atana hlauhawm tak a ni thei. Mahse a tha ber chu hei hi enkawl theih leh control theih vek a ni.
Hetiang natna lan chhuah dan hi engte nge ni? Engtin nge a hriat chhuah?
Hemi chungchanga buaina lian ber chu symptoms a lan chhuah nan hun rei tak a ngai a ni. Hetiang dinhmun hi pianpui atanga lo awm ni mahse, taksain iron tha lo a khawlkhawm theih nan kum tam tak a ngai a ni. Chuvangin mi tam tak chuan kum 40 emaw 50 emaw an tlin hnuah symptoms an nei tan thin a, a chang chuan heng symptoms te hi ngaihthah a ni a, tar ruala lo awm thin dinhmun pangngai anga ngaih a ni.
A hnuaia table-ah hian he natna lan chhuahna bulpui berte chu eng nge ni tih i en ang u.
| Symptom a ni | A sawifiahna awlsam tak |
|---|---|
| Chauhna rei tak a awm | Chhan awm lovin chau leh chau reng reng anga inhriatna. |
| Joint natna | Natna, a bik takin kut zungtang leh kut zungtang lai (index fingers) knuckles-ah a na. Hei hi "iron fist" an ti bawk. |
| Vun rawng a danglam | A vun hian grey emaw bronze emaw tint a nei thin. Ni zungin a kang tawh ang maiin a lang thei. |
| Upper abdominal na a awm | Liver awmna hmun, chu chu pum dinglam chunglam atanga natna hriat. |
| Heartbeat mumal lo a awm | Heart rate inthlak danglamna leh rilru natna (arrhythmias) a awm thei. |
| Mipat hmeichhiatna lama duhna a tlahniam | Hmeichhia leh mipa pawhin libido hniam emaw, erectile dysfunction emaw an nei thei. |
| Chhan awm lovin taksa rihna tihtlem | Diet leh exercise nei lovin taksa rihna tihtlem. |
Engvangin nge hetiang hi a lo awm? A chhan engte nge ni?
Hemochromatosis thlentu hi chi hnih a awm a.
1. Hnam dang atanga lo piang (Hereditary Hemochromatosis) .
Hei hi a tam ber chi a ni. A awlsam zawngin, i nu leh pate hnen aṭanga i rochun genetic condition a ni . Kan taksaah hian iron control tu gene a awm a. Chu chu `(HFE gene)` an ti a. He gene-ah hian mutation (change) a awm chuan taksain iron a control thei lo.
Hetiang dinhmun hi a lo awm theih nan chuan i nu leh i pa te hnen atangin he gene chhia copy pahnih i rochun a ngai tih han ngaihtuah teh. An pahnih atanga copy pakhat chauh i rochun chuan carrier chauh i ni a, a tlangpuiin natna hi i vei lo. Chuvangin i nu leh pate hian he gene hi nei mahse, natna hi an nei lo mai thei. Genetic mutations awm tam ber chu `(C282Y)` leh `(H63D)` te an ni.
Chu bakah, "Juvenile Hemochromatosis" tih hming pu, kum naupang tak atanga lo lang, chu chu kum 15-30 inkar vel a lo lang thin a awm bawk. Genes `(HJV)` emaw `(HAMP)` emaw a mutations avanga lo awm a ni. Hetah hian iron a pung chak hle.
2. Natna dang emaw, enkawlna dang emaw avanga lo awm (Secondary Hemochromatosis) .
Hei hi damdawi lam thil dang emaw, damdawi lam enkawlna emaw avanga taksaa iron level a san chuan a thleng thin.
- Thisen pek fo: Thalassemia ang chi thisen tlakchhamna nei damlote chuan thisen pek chhunzawm zel an ngai a. Hetiang dinhmun hi thisena iron awm chu taksaah a awm khawm avangin a lo awm thei a ni.
- Chronic Liver Disease: Liver a chhiat nasat chuan iron a metabolize tha thei lo.
- Zu in tam lutuk: Zu hian thin (liver) a tichhe mai ni lovin, taksain iron a lakluhna a tipung bawk.
Iron overload hian eng harsatna nge a thlen?
Kan sawi tawh ang khan thir hi a mamawh aia tam a nih chuan taksa tan toxic a ni. He iron tam lutuk hi paih chhuah theih dan a awm loh avangin taksain tissue-ah a dahkhawm a ni. Hei hian chhiatna a thlen theih dan hi a tlem lo hle.
Thir hi kan taksa tan a pawimawh viau nachungin, a tam lutuk chuan rimtui ang maiin a che thin. Chuvang chuan hei hi kan hriat chian a pawimawh hle a ni.
A bik takin liver, heart leh pancreas te hi a nghawng nasa hle. Enkawl loh chuan a hnuaia harsatna lian tham tak takte hi a thleng thei a ni:
- Chronic liver failure: Cirrhosis hi liver-a iron awmkhawm vang a ni a, a tawpah chuan liver failure tluantling a thlen thei a ni.
- Congestive heart failure: Heart muscle-a iron awm hian thinlung a tichak lo thei a, taksaah thisen a pump tling thei lo.
- Diabetes: Pancreas-a Iron awm hian insulin siamtu cell a tichhe a, chu chuan zunthlum (Type 3c) a thlen thei a ni.
Hei bakah hian thyroid gland, pituitary gland, adrenals leh reproductive system hnathawh dan pawh a nghawng thei bawk.
Engtin nge doctor hian hei hi a hmuh theih?
A chunga kan sawi tak symptoms te hi i neih emaw, i chhungte zinga mi pakhatin hetiang natna hi a neih chuan doctor pan a pawimawh. Doctor chuan zawhna tlem a zawt hmasa ang che.
- I nu leh pa emaw, i chhungte tu emaw pawhin liver disease emaw iron overload emaw an nei tawh em?
- Iron supplement emaw vitamin C (iron absorption tipungtu) emaw i ei em?
- Zu engzat nge i in thin?
Tichuan, taksa enfiahna neih a ni a, a tul chuan a hnuaia test te hi tih a ni.
| Fiahna | Hemiah hian eng nge i hmuh? |
|---|---|
| Thisen test a ni | Thisena iron awm zat, iron awm zat (Serum Ferritin), leh Transferrin Saturation te hi teh a ni. |
| Genetic testing neih a ni | Hei hi genetic condition a nih leh nih loh finfiah nan HFE gene chu mutations a awm leh awm loh test a ni. |
| Liver biopsy a ni | A then phei chuan liver atanga tissue te tak te chu needle te tak te hmangin lakchhuah a ni a, microscope hmangin liver-a iron awm zat leh liver a tihchhiat nasat dan tehna an nei thin. |
| MRI scan a ni | MRI scan hi natna nei lo angin hman theih a ni a, liver ang chi taksa peng hrang hranga iron awm zat tehna atan hman theih a ni. |
Enkawlna tha ber berte chu engte nge ni?
Hemochromatosis enkawlna tum ber chu taksaa iron tam lutuk tihtlem a, a level pangngaia awm reng hi a ni. Hei hian taksa peng hrang hrangte tihchhiat belh zel tur a veng thei a ni.
| Enkawl dan tur | Hei hi eng nge thleng? |
|---|---|
| Therapeutic Phlebotomy hmanga tihdam theih a ni | Hei hi enkawlna pawimawh leh tangkai ber a ni. Thisen pek ang bawkin needle hian i taksa atanga thisen tlemte a paih chhuak thin. Kan taksaa thir tam zawk hi thisen sen (red blood cells)-ah a awm avangin thisen a chhuah chuan iron pawh a chhuak leh thin. Hei hi a tir lamah kar khatah vawi khat vel tih a ngai mai thei. I iron level a control tawh chuan thla engemaw zat danah tih a ngai mai thei. |
| Iron Chelation hmanga enkawlna a ni | He enkawlna hi eng emaw vanga thisen lakchhuah theih loh (e.g., thinlung natna, thisen tlakchhamna) te tan pek thin a ni. Damdawi (pill emaw injection emaw) pek a ni a, chu chu taksaa iron nena inzawm a, zun emaw, ek emaw atanga chhuah tir a ni. |
| Ei leh in lama inthlak danglamna | I doctor chuan iron tamna ei tur (sa sen, legumes ang chi) leh vitamin C tamna ei tur tihtlem turin a hrilh thei che a, chu chuan iron lakluhna a tipung thei a ni. Iron awmna vitamin pill ei loh vek tur leh zu in loh tur thu a hrilh thei bawk che. |
Hetiang dinhmun nen hian nun hi engtin nge a awm?
Hei hi i tan chuan hlauhawm takin a ri mai thei. Mahse thudik tak chu, a hmaa hmuhchhuah a nih a, uluk taka enkawl a nih chuan, hemochromatosis hi enkawl theih tak a ni . Nun pangngai tak, hrisel takin i nung thei a ni. A then phei chuan enkawlna an tan veleh taksa peng chhiatna thenkhat chu tihdanglam theih a ni.
Buaina chu enkawl loh rei lutuk i nih chuan i taksa peng hrang hrangte chhiatna chu a let leh thei lo mai thei. Chuvang chuan harsatna i neih chuan doctor pan nghal a pawimawh.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Hemochromatosis hi taksaa iron tlakchham vang ni lovin, a tam lutuk vang a ni .
- Hei hi a tam zawk chu genetic factors vang a ni a, mahse damdawi lam thil dang vang pawh a ni thei.
- Hun rei tak hnuah symptoms a lo lang thin avangin hah reng leh ruh natna ang chi hi ngaihthah suh.
- Enkawl loh chuan taksa peng pawimawh tak tak, thin, thinlung leh pancreas te chu nasa takin a tichhe thei a ni.
- Hei hi hlauh tur a ni lo. A hmaa hmuhchhuah a nih chuan enkawlna awlsam tak hmangin a control vek thei a, nun hrisel tak i hmang thei bawk.
- Hemi chungchangah hian rinhlelhna i neih chuan i chhungkaw doctor nen inbia ang che.
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