Taste Buds chungchanga hriat tur thilte!

Engtin nge ei leh in emaw kan thlum tih hi i ngaihtuah ngai em? Chaw thenkhat chu kan tan chuan a tui em em a, thenkhat erawh chu chutiang chuan a tui lo. A châng chuan chaw chhe tak kan kâa kan dah meuh chuan, ‘Aw, hei hi ei tûr a ṭha lo’ tih kan hre chhuak ṭhin. Heng zawng zawng hi kan lei chunga taksa peng te tak te thenkhatin a pui a ni. Vawiin hian chutiang taste buds, a nih loh leh `(Taste Buds)` chungchang kan sawi dawn a ni.

Heng taste buds te hi engte nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, taste buds hi a te hle a, mahse kan leiah hian sensory organ pawimawh tak tak a ni. Darthlalang a i lei i en chuan i leiah hian nut ang chi bump te te a awm tih i hmu ang. Chu bumps chhungah chuan taste buds te chu a awm a. Hengte hi papillae kan ti a . Heng taste buds te hian kan ei leh in te hi eng nge a thlum tih min hrilh a, ‘tha’ emaw ‘tha lo’ emaw pawh nise. He information hi chaw ei nuam titu leh kan taksa mamawh nutrients pe thintu a ni. Chu mai pawh ni lovin, kan ka chhunga ei tur tha lo, hnute chhe emaw, sa ro emaw ang chi kan dah hian heng taste buds te hian, ‘Aw, ni lo, hei hi a ni lo,’ tiin min vaukhân a ni.

Khawiah nge taste buds te hi an awm?

A tam zawkah chuan taste buds hi kan lei zawng zawngah a awm vek . Mahse a tlem zawkah chuan kan hmui chung leh kan kawr chhungah pawh an awm ve tho. Lei chunga taste buds te hi a hmaa ka sawi tawh, papillae an tih, bumps te kha an ni. Papillae hi chi thum a awm a, chungte chu taste buds a awm a:

• Fungiform papillae: Hei hi lei sir leh tip-ah a awm a. He hmunah hian taste buds 1,600 vel a awm a ni.
• Circumvallate papillae: Hei hi lei hnung lamah a awm a. Taste buds 250 vel an nei a ni.
• Foliate papillae: Hengte hi lei hnung lamah, a sir lehlamah a awm a. Heng papillae hi 20 vel a awm a, pakhatah hian taste buds za tam tak a awm thei a ni.

Mahse, taste tin atan leiah hian zone hrang hrang a awm tih ngaihdan dik lo deuh a awm. Chutiang special zone chu a awm lo. Taste buds for sweet, salty, bitter, sour leh umami te chu leiah a darh vek a. Mahse, lei hmun ṭhenkhat chu duh zawng ṭhenkhatah a sensitive zawk . Entirnan, lei hnung lama taste buds te hian bitter taste an sensitive hle. Hei hi evolutionary trait a ni ngei ang. A chhan chu thil rimchhia (poisonous substances)-ah hian kan taste buds-in a thlum leh tui lo anga a hriat compound a awm fo thin. Chuvangin thil pakhat chu kan ei hmain a nuam lo (leh hlauhawm pawh a ni thei) tih hriat hian kan nunna a chhanhim thei a ni.

Taste bud hi eng ang nge a nih?

Orange hnah hring hring (pith) angin emaw, rose hnah, cell tam tak inzawm khawm angin emaw han ngaihtuah teh. Chutiang chu taste bud chu a ni. He ‘rose bud’ chung lamah hian kawngkhar te tak te, ‘taste pore’ an tih a awm a. Hei hi kan ei leh in thilte chu a lut a, a chhunga taste cells te nen a inzawm khawmna hmun a ni.

Taste bud hi eng ang structure nge ni?

Taste bud chu ka sawi tawh ang khan lei chunga papillae chhunga awm cell awmkhawm a ni. A ṭhen lian engemaw zat a nei a:

• Taste receptor cells: Taste bud pakhatah hian heng cell 50 atanga 150 inkar vel a awm a. Heng cell te hian receptor an nei a, chu chu taste pore chhungah chunglam hawiin a inzar pharh a ni. Heng chunglam hawia fiber ang chi structure te hi microvilli tiin kan ko thin. Heng microvilli te hi kan eitur chhunga chemical awmte nen an inzawm a ni. Heng taste receptor cell te hi thluaka taste signal phurtu nerve te nen an inzawm a ni. Heng receptor nena inzawm chemical hi thluak hian thlum, chi, etc. tiin a register a.
• Basal cells: Hengte hi nakin lawka taste receptor cell thar lo ni tur, stem cells ang tho, basic cells te an ni. Kan taksa hian ni 10 danah taste receptor cell thar a siam thin .
• Supporting cells / Sustentacular cells: Heng cells te hi taste buds chhungah pawh an awm a, chubakah taste receptor cells te pawh an awm bawk. Mahse, taste buds-ah awm mahse, taste an hre thei lo. Cell dangte tanpuitu cell angin an thawk a ni.

Taste buds-te’n an hriat chian ber berte chu engte nge ni?

Kan taste buds hian taste chi hrang hrang panga a hmu thei a . Anni chu:

• Sweet: Chaw thlum takah hian sugar chi khat (e.g., sucrose, glucose, fructose, lactose) a awm fo thin. Hei hian khawizu, thei leh ice cream ang chi thilte a huam a ni.
• Salty: Salty foods ah hian kan ei chi (sodium chloride) leh minerals magnesium leh potassium te a awm vek a. Pretzel, chips, leh movie theater popcorn te hi han ngaihtuah teh.
• Bitter: Chaw thlum takah hian caffeine emaw, thlai atanga compound emaw ang chi thil a awm thei. Bitter hi a thlum complex tak a ni. Mi thenkhat chuan coffee leh dark chocolate ang chi chaw thlum tak tak an ei thin a, thenkhat erawh chuan an duh lo.
• Sour taste: Sour foods lemon leh vinegar te hian acid chi khat (acetic acid, citric acid, lactic acid) a pai fo thin.
• Umami: Umami hi a thlum a ni a, sa ang maia lang, emaw, a hausa hle emaw, a tui em em emaw a ni. Kan taste buds-in umami anga a hriat ei tur tam takah hian glutamate tih hming pu thil a awm a. Umami entirnan tomato, asparagus, sangha, mushroom, leh soy te hi a ni.

I taste buds te hian heng flavors te hi combination ah an perceive thin. Chuvangin ei leh in lama taste experience hi a buaithlak em em a ni. Entirnan, chaw pakhat chu a thlum ber mai thei a, mahse chi leh umami thlum engemaw zat a nei thei bawk. A nih loh leh in tur chu a thlum hle mai thei a, mahse a thlum deuh pawh a nei thei bawk. Ngaihtuah teh, chicken curry tha tak kan ei hian thil tam tak, salty, spicy, leh umami te inzawmkhawm hian chu special taste chu min hriattir thin.

Engtin nge taste buds hian hna a thawh?

Taste buds hian kan hnar chhunga olfactory receptor te nen thawk hovin ei tur pakhat thlum kimchang min pe thin. Ngaihtuah teh, chaw i ei hian i ha leh i ka chhunga i hmui te chu an thawk dun a, chaw chu an tichhia a ni. I chew lai hian chaw chhunga chemical awmte chu a chhuak thin. Hengte hi i taste buds-ah a kal thin. Heng chemical signal te hi hnar kawng hrang hrangah an kal chho a, i hnar chhunga receptor te thlengin an kal a ni. Tichuan, i hnar leh ka atanga heng signal lo chhuakte hi a lo inzawm khawm chuan chaw pakhat ‘thlum leh rim’ chu kan tawng kim vek a ni. Ngaihtuah teh, i hnar i khar a, chaw i ei hian a thlum chu a bo vek lo va, mahse a thlum chu a danglam thei a, a nih loh leh a chakna chu a tlahniam thei a ni lawm ni? Hetah hian a chhan chu.

Chumi awmzia chu, ‘tui’ kan tih hi a takah chuan a thlum leh a rim inzawmkhawm a ni!

Chu mai pawh ni lovin, i ka leh i rilruah hian ei leh in emaw, a lum leh vawt zia hre thei cell chi dang a awm bawk. ‘Hot’ i tih hian temperature bakah spiciness i sawina a ni. ‘Cold’ i tih hian temperature bakah taste sensation thenkhat, mint emaw eucalyptus emaw i sawina a ni. Heng sensory cell tam tak inzawmkhawm hian kan ei leh in te experience siamtu a ni.

Taste buds engzat nge kan neih?

Puitling pakhat hian taste buds 2,000 leh 10,000 inkar a nei a. Kan tar chhoh zel chuan heng taste buds te hi a tlahniam zel a. Chumi awmzia chu naupang te te hian puitling aiin taste buds an nei tam zawk tihna a ni. Tin, taste buds lian leh te pawh mi hrang hrangah a inang lo bawk.

Heng inthlauhna avang hian mi zawng zawngin duhthusam ber panga te chu tem thei mah se, chu duh zawngte hriat dan, chu chu hriat dan leh tawn dan chu mi tin a inang lo thei a ni. Naupan laia i chaw duh em em kha i lo puitlin angin a hip lo mai thei. Chutiang bawkin, i thlum dan pawh i lo upat deuh deuh chuan hun kal zelah a danglam thei a ni.

Taste bud hi engtiang chiahin nge a lian?

Taste buds hi size hrang hrang a awm a. A vaiin pakhat chu millimeter 30th vel a sei a ni a, millimeter 16th vel a sei a ni. Chu chu a tlem zia chu i ngaihtuah thei em?

Rasa Naharika hi siam thar a nih theih nan eng chen nge hun a duh?

Chu basal cell ka sawi tawhte chuan kar khatah vawi hnih vel (a tlangpuiin ni 10 danah) taste receptor cell thar an siam chhuak thin. Chumi awmzia chu kan taste buds te hi a thar zel tihna a ni. Mahse, kan tar chhoh zel chuan heng cell thar siamna rate hi a tlahniam thei a, a pum pui pawh a tlahniam thei bawk. Chuvang chuan kan thlum dan hi kan nunah hun hrang hrangah a danglam thin. Puitling i nih laia i duhzawng ei turte chu i naupan laia i duhzawng ei tur nen a danglam thei. Tin, i tar chhoh zel chuan i taste perception pawh a danglam thin.

Taste buds tichhe thei natna leh harsatna tlanglawn tak takte chu engte nge ni?

Kan ei theihna tichhe thei dinhmun chi khat a awm a, chu chu ‘taste disorders’ kan ti a ni. Chung zinga ṭhenkhat chu:

• Ageusia: Taste hriatna hloh vek.
• Dysgeusia: A thlum hriatna tihdanglam (e.g., thil thlum tak chu a thlum ang maia thlum).
• Hypergeusia: A duh zawng hriatna tihpun.
• Hypogeusia: Taste hriatna tlahniam.
• Phantom taste disorder: Ka chhungah engmah a awm loh lai pawhin a thlum duh lo reng reng.

Tin, a hnuaia thil awm zawng zawng hian i taste buds a nghawng thei a, ei tur thlum danglam tak a siam thei bawk:

• Kawng emaw, kawr emawa natna hrik, gingivitis te pawh a tel.
• Kawng chhunga inflammatory conditions (swelling, redness) a awm thin.
• Vitamin B12 emaw zinc tlakchhamna.
• Metabolic natna, zunthlum emaw, hypothyroidism emaw ang chi te.
• Neurological natna, Parkinson’s disease leh multiple sclerosis te pawh a awm thei.
• Nerve tihchhiat a ni.
• Gastroesophageal reflux natna, emaw chronic acid reflux (GERD) emaw a ni thei.
• Meizial zu emaw, zuk leh hmuam ei emaw.
• Zu in tam lutuk.
• Damdawi thenkhat, chemotherapy ang chi, cancer enkawlna atana hman tur.
• Kawng a vawt.
• Lei kang.
• Taste bud pakhat a hring chhuak.

Engtin nge kan taste buds hi kan vawn that theih ang?

Thu lawmawm tak chu i taste buds te hi siamthat leh thlak reng a ni. Chumi awmzia chu taste bud hliam chu a takin a dam tlangpui tihna a ni. Mahse, a chhiat chhunzawm zel chuan, natna hrik kai nawn fo emaw, meizuk vang emaw a nih chuan, taste buds chu a dam tawh lo thei a, i thlum theihna pawh a nghawng thei bawk.

Chuvangin, i taste buds tihchhiat loh nan i tih theih thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Zuk leh hmuam hman loh tur. Hei hi a pawimawh hle.
• Zu in hi tihtlem rawh.
• I ha, i hmui leh i lei te chu vawn fai rawh. Chu chu hmui faina tha tak vawn reng tihna a ni.
• Chaw ei hmain chaw chu a lum deuh deuh tur a ni. Hmanhmawh taka chaw lum eiin i lei hal suh.
• I leiah direct-in ice ang chi thil lum lutuk dah suh.

Heng thil tenawm tak takte hi i enkawl chuan i taste buds hrisel takin i vawng thei a, nitin chaw tui tak i ei thei bawk.

Take-Home Thuchah a ni

Okay, chuti a nih chuan vawiin hian taste buds chungchang kan sawi nasa hle a ni lawm ni? Heng taksa peng te te hi chaw ei tur kan ei theihna tura min puitu an ni tih hre reng ang che. He hna hi kan hnar chhunga rimtui (smell cells) te nen tangkawpin an thawk a ni.

Taste buds hi kan taksa peng mak tak, te tak te mahse hna lian tak thawk thei a ni!

I taste buds-ah hliam tenau i neih chuan ngaihtuah tur a awm lo. Kar khat emaw kar hnih emaw chhungin a dam tlangpui a, chaw ei nuam i ti leh thei tawh ang. Chutih lai chuan i chaw ei hmain i lei chu a lum loh nan fimkhur rawh. A bik takin, zuk leh hmuam hman loh tur, hei hian hun rei tak chhung i taste buds a tichhe thei a ni.

Chuvangin, nun tui tak neih nan chuan taste buds hrisel tak neih a pawimawh hle!

` Taste buds, taste buds, lei thlum, hriatna, thlum chi hrang hrang, eitur thlum, lei, rim, thlum hloh, lei natna, papilla, umami