Cancer cell chauh target thei damdawi mak tak hi i hria em? (Tyrosine Kinase tihkhawtlai a ni) .

Cancer kan vei tih kan hriat hian kan hlauthawng hle. Chutih rual chuan chemotherapy ang chi enkawlna kan ngaihtuah bawk. Chemotherapy hian cell inthen darh chak tak takte chu a tichhia a ni. Amaherawhchu, cancer cell chauh ni lovin, kan taksaa cell hrisel tak tak te, entirnan, sam cell te, hmui natna thlentu cell te, leh intestine chhunga cell te pawh a tichhe thei bawk. Chuvang chuan chemo hian sam a ti tla a, hmui a ti na a, pum a ti na bawk. Mahse, han ngaihtuah teh... cancer cell chauh target thei damdawi chi khat, sniper rifle ang chi hi awm ta se, eng angin nge a ropui ang? Chu chu vawiinah kan sawi dawn a ni. Chungte chu Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors , a tawi zawngin TKIs an ti a.

A awlsam zawngin, heng TKI te hi engte nge ni?

TKIs hi cancer enkawlna atana hman tur targeted therapy chi khat a ni. Cancer cell chhunga thil thenkhat, an lo thanglian leh inthen darhtu tur block-in hna an thawk a ni. Phên dangin sawi ila, cancer cell-te hian signaling system an nei a, chu chuan "a ṭhang lianin, inṭhen darh turin" a hrilh a ni. TKI te hian chu signaling system chu an tibuai a, an titawp a ni.

Heng damdawi te hian cancer hi a tidam kim lo mai thei a, mahse damlote chu hun rei tak chhung cancer control (remission) an neih theih nan a pui thei a, a nih loh leh cancer nen hian nunphung tha tak an nei thei bawk.

Engtin nge he damdawi hian hna a thawh tak tak? Tlem a chipchiar deuhin han thlir ila.

Hei hi hrethiam tur chuan kan taksaa cell inthen dan pangngai chungchang tlem kan hriat hmasak a ngai a ni. Kan taksa hi factory lian tak niin han ngaihtuah teh. He factory-a hnathawkte hi cell an ti a.

1. Growth factors: Hengte hi factory pawn lam atanga rawn lut, "Start production now" tih thuchah rawn kengtute an ni.

2. Tyrosine kinases: Hengte hi cell chhunga enzyme awmte an ni a, thuchah chu la in midangte hnenah "OK, hna thawk tan ila" tiin an hrilh thin.

Cell hrisel pangngaia thil thleng chu hetiang hi a ni. Messenger (growth factor) chu a lo kal a, manager hnenah message chu a pe (tyrosine kinase). Manager chuan chu message chu a la a, cell chu inthen turin a hrilh a. Cell te chu an mamawh ang zat an inthen hnu chuan manager chuan switch chu a off ta a ni. Hei hi controlled process a ni hle .

Mahse cancer cell-ah chuan he system hi a kal lo. A bik takin cancer chi thenkhatah chuan heng manager (Tyrosine kinases) te hi an â thin. An switch chu a on reng a ni. Pawn lam atanga thuchah an mamawh lo va, cell te chu "divide, divide, divide" tiin an hrilh chhunzawm zel mai a ni. He cell inthen dan thunun loh hi cancer kan tih chu a ni.

Entirna tha ber: Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) .

Hei hi thisen cancer chi khat a ni. Tun hma chuan CML a lo chhuah khan natna hlauhawm tak a ni. Mahse TKIs hmuhchhuah a nih hnuah tunah chuan CML hi natna khirh tak a lo ni ta a, zunthlum leh thisen sang ang chi damdawi hmanga control theih a ni ta.

CML vei ruhro chhunga cell-ah chuan kan sawi tak Tyrosine kinase enzyme hi a lo piang lo va, a switch chu ‘on’ reng a ni. Chuvangin ruhro hian control lohvin thisen var a siam chhuak thin. Hei hian thisen sen hrisel, thisen var, leh platelet siam chhuah a veng a ni. TKIs, Imatinib (Gleevec®) ang chi te hian chu enzyme pangngai lo chu an target a, a ‘on’ switch chu ‘off’ an ti thin. Hei hi cancer enkawlna chanchina inthlak danglamna lian tak a ni.

TKI hi eng cancer chi hrang hrangah nge hman a nih?

Tunah chuan he targeted therapy hi cancer chi hrang hrang tan hman a ni ta. Cancer zawng zawng tan a thawk vek lo. Hei hi a chhan chu cancer zawng zawng hian Tyrosine kinase ‘turned on’ an nei vek lo. Doctor te chuan cancer cell te biopsy an la a, he targetable molecule hi an nei em tih an en thin. A lo awm phawt chuan he damdawi hi an pe ang.

A hnuaia tarlan te hi TKI hmanga enkawl cancer chi hrang hrang a ni.

Tunah hian US FDA chuan cancer chi hrang hrang enkawlna atan TKI 50 chuang a pawm tawh a ni. Damdawi pawm hmasak ber, Imatinib (Gleevec®) hi cancer chi 7 enkawlna atan hman a ni.

Engtin nge he enkawlna hi ka hmuh theih ang? Eng chen nge a daih?

Hei hi he enkawlna awlsamna ropui dang a ni. TKI tam zawk hi pill emaw liquid emaw angin a awm thin. Chuvangin damdawi inah awm rengin damdawi chu saline solution hmanga inject tir a ngai lo. In atanga nitin a rualin pill pakhat emaw pahnih emaw i ei mai tur a ni.

Eng chen nge enkawl i mamawh tih hi cancer chi hrang hrang, natna stage leh i taksain damdawi a dawn danah a innghat a ni. Entirnan, CML i neih chuan i dam chhung zawng damdawi i ei a ngai mai thei. Cancer chi dang tan chuan i doctor chuan cancer chu a thunun hnuah damdawi chu tihtawp a tum mai thei.

Side effects pawh i fimkhur ang u.

TKI hi targeted therapies a nih avangin a tlangpuiin chemotherapy aiin side effect a nei tlem zawk. Hei hi cell hrisel tak takte tihchhiatna tlemte chauh an thlen vang a ni. Mahse "side effects an nei lo" tih erawh sawi theih a ni lo. Hei hi a chhan chu an target molecule, Tyrosine kinase an tih chu cancer cell-ah chauh ni lovin, cell hrisel thenkhatah pawh a tlem hle. Chuvangin chu cell te pawh chu a nghawng thei bawk.

Side effect hi mi hrang hrangah a inang lo va, TKI damdawi hman danah pawh a innghat bawk.

Side effects awm tlangpui:

• Chauhna: Hei hi mi tam takin an tawn fo thin a ni.
• Diarrhea: Intestines chhunga cell awmte tihchhiat avanga lo awm thei a ni.
• Nausea leh Vomiting: Mi thenkhat chuan he natna hi an nei thei.
• Skin Rashes: Skin rashes, dryness, leh itching te hi a awm fo thin.
• Chaw ei duhna leh taksa rihna inthlak danglam: Mi thenkhatin an thau an tlahniam a, thenkhat erawh chuan puak vangin an thau chho thei bawk.
• Khawsik

Side effect na tak tak awm thei:

TKI thenkhat hian thinlung, thin, emaw lung emaw ah side effect a nei thei a. Tin, vun natna khirh tak, nunna atana hlauhawm tak pawh an thlen thei bawk a, chu chu vun tichhe thei Stevens-Johnson syndrome , ang chi hi a ni. Mahse hengte hi a tlem hle. Thisen sang (hypertension) pawh ngaihtuahawm dang a ni.

He enkawlna hi ka tan a awlsam zawk nan eng nge ka tih theih ang?

Cancer enkawl hi hun harsa tak a ni thei a, taksa leh rilru lamah pawh a harsa thei hle. He hun hi tlem a awlsam zawk nan thil tlemte i tih theih a awm.

1. Chawlh hahdam: Chauhna hi side effect lian tak a ni. Chuvangin a tam thei ang ber mut la, nilengin chawlh hahdam la, i taksa thu ngaithla rawh.

2. Nutrition: Ei leh in ei hi a harsa thei a, chu chu ei duhna hloh leh riltam ang chi thil vang a ni. Ni khatah vawi eng emaw zat tlem te ei tum ang che. Tui, thei tui, porridge, leh soup te ang chi tui tam tak in thin ang che. I taksa rihna i tihtlem emaw, a tul lova i thau chhoh emaw a nih chuan nutritionist hnen atanga thurawn lak a pawimawh hle.

3. Side effect management: Diarrhea i neih chuan thil chi hrang hrang, oil, less spicy, steamed vegetables, buhfai, leh banana te ei thin ang che. Jeevani ang in tur in hi a tha hle. Skin rash i neih chuan sahbawn tel lo, rimtui lo moisturizer hmang ang che. Hemi chungchang hi i doctor nen inbia la, damdawi dik tak la rawh.

4. Inbuatsaih rawh: I natna lan chhuah dan leh a side effects te diary-ah ziak la. Doctor i hmuh hunah entir rawh. I damdawi ei tur chu i mamawh hunah chiah ei tur a ni tih hre reng ang che.

5. Rilru hriselna: Hetih hun chhung hian rilru chak taka awm reng a pawimawh hle. Chhungte leh thiante nen inbiakna neihpui rawh. I harsatnate sawi chhuak rawh. A tul chuan counselling zawng rawh.

6. Palliative Care: He natna hi tihdam theih loh a ni tihna a ni lo. Hei hi specialist team a ni a, cancer enkawlna nena lo awm natna, rilru hahna, leh hahna ang chi symptoms te control-in nuam zawka nunpui turin a pui che a ni. He service chungchang hi i doctor nen pawh i sawi thei bawk.

He enkawlna hian eng hlauhawmna nge a neih?

TKI hian cancer tam takah hna thawk tha mahse, a chang chuan hun kal zelah harsatna a awm thei bawk. A bulpui ber chu dodalna (resistance) tihhmasawn hi a ni .

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, cancer cell hi cell fing tak tak an ni. Hun kal zelah damdawi inang pek an nih chuan chu damdawi do thei turin an inthlak danglam thei a ni. Bacteria te hi antibiotics laka an do thei lo ang bawkin. Chutiang a nih chuan a tir lama thawk tha TKI damdawi chuan hna a thawk tawh lo mai thei.

Mahse khawvel tawp a ni lo. Scientist-te chuan hei hi an hriat avangin tunah chuan "second-generation" leh "third-generation" TKI te chu resistance a lo awm hunah pek theih a awm ta. Chuvangin damdawi pakhatin hna a thawh loh chuan i doctor chuan TKI dang ah a thlak thei che a ni.