I thawkna kawng chungchangah heng thilte hi i hria em?

Kan thaw chhuak vek a ni lawm ni? Mahse, he thaw hi kan taksaa a luh dan te, a chhuah leh dan te, eng kawng nge a zawh tih te hi tlem tal i ngaihtuah ngai em? Motor tan kawng a awm ang bawkin, kan taksaah hian kan thaw chhuah boruak chu kan taksaah a lut a, a rawn chhuah leh theih nan kawngpui system bik a awm a. Chu kawngte chu ‘airways’ kan tih emaw, English-a `(Airways)` emaw kan tih ang chi hi a ni. Hengte hi kan thawkna kawnga thil pawimawh tak a ni.

Chuti a nih chuan heng boruak kawngte hi engte nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin, i thawkna kawngte chu i lung chhunga boruak luh leh chhuahtîrtu tube, a nih loh leh kawngte a ni. Vanlawng tlak leh thlawh chhuahna tur runway angin ngaihtuah rawh. Heng kawngte hi oxygen tamna boruak i lung chhunga a luhna hmun a ni a, i taksa atanga bawlhhlawh awm thin carbon dioxide (CO2) chu a paih chhuak thin.

Heng thawkna kawngte hi hmunpui pahnih ah then a ni a:

1. Upper Airways: Hengte hi i hmai, lu leh i kawr vel a awm a ni. In chhawng chunglam ang mai an ni. Chung zingah chuan:

• Hnar kawngkhar (hnam cavities) a awm
• Sinus cavities (`sinus`) te hi a awm a.
• Thlalak chunglam (pharynx) .
• Aw bawm (larynx) 1.1.

Heng hmunte hi pawn lam boruak atanga taksa chhunga boruak luhna hmun a ni.

2. Lower Airways: Hengte hi i kawr leh i rilru hnuai lam a awm a ni. Lung nen direct-in an inzawm a ni. Chung zingah chuan:

• Trachea ( bronchi tia koh bawk ) .
• Main airways (`bronchi` - hengte hi trachea pahnih a then tube lian pahnih te an ni) .
• Thlipui tenau (`bronchioles` - chutiang tube lian tak tak, te zawka branch chhuak) .

Airways hian eng service nge min pek tak tak?

A bulpui ber chu boruak kalna tur kawng (pasageway) nih hi a ni. Mahse, chu bakah chuan heng thawkna kawngte hian hna pawimawh tak an thawk a ni.

• Temperature leh humidity control: Ni lum takah i thawk ang tih han ngaihtuah teh. Chu boruak lum chu i lungah a kal nghal a nih chuan a tha lo. Chuvangin, heng thawkna kawngte hian chu boruak chu i taksa lumna nena inmil turin an ti lum a ni. Tin, boruak a vawt chuan a mamawh tui an dah tel bawk.

• Mucus lakchhuah leh venhimna: Kan thawkna kawng chhungah hian sam te tak te maktaduai tam tak a awm a. Chungte chu cilia an ti a. Broom te tak te ang mai an ni. Thlarau kawng chunglam ah chuan hengte hian thil tha lo tak tak, leivut leh natna hrik lut tur chu a titawp a, thawkna kawng hnuai lamah chuan mucus an tih thil pakhat hian heng thil te te hi a man a ni. Tichuan, cilia chu thlipui ang maiin chunglam hawiin a kal a, he mucus hi rilru lam hawiin a nawr ta a ni. Hetiang kalphung hi mucociliary escalator an ti a. Tichuan, kan khuh emaw, kan khuh emaw hian he mucus leh chu thil tha lo tak takte chu taksa atangin a hnawtchhuak thin. Mucus siam chhuah reng hi tibuaitu angin lang mah se, a takah chuan kan taksain a invenna kawng a ni.

• Thusawi leh rim hriatna lama tanpui: I thusawi dan i hria em? I thawk chhuah hian boruak chu i voice box (larynx) chhunga vocal cords kal tlangin an vibrate a, sound an siam thin. Chutiang bawkin, i thawk chhuah hian boruak nena lo kal rimtui chi hrang hrangte chuan i hnar chung lam nerve bik (olfactory nerve) a rawn deng a, chu thuchah chu i thluak-ah a kal a, "Ah... chu chu rose rimtui ang mai a ni," tiin a hrilh che a ni.

Thlawhna kawng bulpui ber berte chu chiang takin i hre ang u.

A chunga kan sawi te hi tlem kan sawi tawh a. Tunah chuan he kawng hi engtin nge a lo awm tih hi han en ila, hnar atanga lung chhunga boruak bawm (alveoli) te tak te thlengin.

• Hnar chhung (hnar chhung) .
• Sinus (hnar vel luruh chhunga cavities) .
• Pharynx (thlah) 1.1.
• Larynx (aw bawm) .
• Trachea (thlipui tleh) .
• Main bronchi (`Bronchi`) (trachea inthenna tube lian pahnih) .
• Bronchioles (tube te zawk, te zawka inthen) .

Heng thawkna kawng te te hi a tawpah chuan lung chhunga boruak bawm te tak te (alveoli) te nen an inzawm a, chu chu grape chi hrang hrang ang mai a ni. Chutah chuan oxygen leh carbon dioxide inthlengna chu a thleng ta a ni.

Thlawhna kawng tichhe thei natna tlanglawn tak takte chu engte nge ni?

Vanduaithlak takin he system pawimawh tak hi natna chi hrang hrangin a nghawng a ni. A chi thum ah then theih a ni.

1. Natna rei tak nei

Chûngte chu natna lo awm nghal a, a ṭhat chhoh zêl a ni lo va, hun rei tak chhûng, dam chhûng zawng pawh ni thei dinhmunte a ni.

• Asthma: Hei hi thawkna kawng a hring a, a zim a, thawk harsa a ti thin. Mi thenkhat chuan an thawk hah hian an rilru a tight hle tih an hria.
• Bronchiectasis: Hei hi thawkna kawng bang a chak lo a, a hring chhuak a ni. Hei hian mucus tihfai a ti harsa a, natna hrik a thlen thei bawk.
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): Hei hi lung natna khirh tak a ni a, meizuk thinte zingah a awm fo thin. Hun rei tak chhung lung a tichhia a, thawk a ti harsa bawk.
• Cystic fibrosis: Hei hi genetic disease a ni a, taksa atanga chhuak, a bik takin mucus te chu a thick a, thawkna kawng a tikhawlo a ni.

2. Thlawhna kawng a inflammation

Inflammation chu a hring chhuak mai mai a ni. Heng thawkna kawngte hi chhan hrang hrang avangin a lo hring thei a ni.

• Infection: Viral emaw bacteria emaw infection, flu, khawsik, pneumonia, leh COVID-19 te hian thawkna kawng a ti na thei a.
• Allergy: Leivut, pollen, leh ei tur thenkhat allergy hian thawkna kawng a ti na thei bawk.

He natna hi a awmna hmun azirin natna hming hi a inang lo:

• Thlawhna kawng bulpui a lo inflamed chuan: Bronchitis
• Thlawhna kawng te tak te a lo hring a nih chuan (naupang te teah a awm fo thin): Bronchiolitis
• Sinus cavities a lo hring a nih chuan: Sinusitis

3. Thli kawng khar (Blockages) .

A châng chuan boruak kalna kawngte chu thil engemawin a tikhawlo thei bawk.

• Ram dang thil: A bik takin naupang tê tête chuan an hnar leh kawchhungah infiamna chi hrang hrang, nut, leh ei tur chi hrang hrang, peas ang chite chu an hrual ṭhîn.
• Benign growths: A châng chuan cancer ni lo growths chu thawkna kawng chhungah a lo awm thei a, a kalna tur a tikhawlo thei bawk.
• Cancerous tumors: Lung cancer ang chi thil te hian thawkna kawng a tikhawlo thei bawk.
• Thlawhna kawng a zim (`Stenosis`): Eng emaw chhan vangin thawkna kawng thenkhat chu a zim a, a tight thei bawk.
• Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA): Hei hi mi tam takin "snoring" an tih chu a ni. Mut laiin rilru hnung lama tissue nem tak chu a tlakbuak a, thawkna kawng a tikhawlo a ni.

Thluak lam natna lan chhuah dan tlangpui chu engte nge ni?

Heng symptoms te hi i neih chuan thawk lama harsatna vang pawh a ni thei:

• Hnar hrual, hnar luang chhuak.
• Thâwk chhuah laiin thawm pangngai lo. Entirnan, whistling sound (`wheezing`) emaw, harsh sound (`stridor`) emaw a awm thei.
• Thâwk harsa (dyspnea) – thawk harsa tih leh stairs tlemte chhoh lai pawhin rilru a tight tih hriatna.
• Nitin mutthilh lutuk (a bik takin OSA vei te tan).
• Khuh fo, a chang chuan phlegm a awm bawk.

Pawimawh: Hetiang symptoms i neih chuan doctor pan ngei ngei tur leh thurawn lak hi a tha ber.

Heng natnate hi hriat theih nan doctor-te hian eng test nge an tih?

Doctor chuan i natna lan chhuah dan azirin test hrang hrang a ti thei ang:

• Endoscopy: Tube te tak te (scope) hmanga camera bun hmanga thawkna kawng chhung lam thlir dan. Hnar atanga a en chuan nasal endoscopy an ti a, trachea leh bronchi chhungah a en chuan Bronchoscopy an ti bawk.
• Pulmonary function tests: Hengte hi i thawk that dan leh i lung chakna te tehna test a ni.
• Pulse oximetry: Test awlsam tak, kut zungtang chungah clip te tak te dahin thisena oxygen level tehna a ni.
• Chest X-ray leh CT scan: Hengte hian thawkna kawng leh lung lam thlalak chiang tak a la thei a, harsatna awmte hriat theih a ni.
• Sleep study: Heng test te hi sleep apnea (OSA) i neih leh neih loh hriat nan an ti thin.

Thâwk lam natna enkawl dante chu engte nge ni?

Natna leh a nasat dan azirin enkawl dan a inang lo.

• Damdawi chi hrang hrang: 1.1.
• Swelling tihtlem leh thawkna kawng hawn: Hei hi `(inhalers)` (e.g. `inhaled corticosteroids`, `bronchodilators`) hmanga tih a ni fo.
• Infection tan: Viral infection tan ``antivirals``, bacteria infection tan ``antibiotics``, leh fungal infection tan ``antifungals`` tih ang chi damdawi pek thin a ni.
• Allergy vanga swelling control nan hian damdawi ``Antihistamines`` leh ``Leukotriene modifiers`` te a awm a.

• Thlawhna kawng a inkhar emaw, thawk i la thei lo emaw a nih chuan:
• Surgery: Tumor ang chi thilin a kalna tur a block chuan surgery hmanga lakchhuah a ngai dawn a ni.
• Intubation: Thâwk harsatna nasa tak a awm chuan kai emaw hnar emaw kaltlangin tube (endotracheal tube) dah luh a ni a, a chang chuan thawk lakna tur machine (mechanical ventilation / ventilator) hman a ni bawk.
• Tracheostomy (or tracheotomy): Thlawhna kawng (trachea) chhungah kawr hmalam hawn te tak te siamin thawk chhuah theihna tur a ni. Hei hi hun eng emaw chen atan emaw, chatuan atan emaw pawh a ni thei.

• Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) vei tan: Zanah i mut laiin CPAP machine an tih device hman a ni. Hei hian air pressure hmangin i thawkna kawng chu a inhawng reng thin.

Engtin nge ka thawkna kawng hrisel ka vawn reng ang?

"Tihdam aiin invenna a tha zawk," an ti. Chuvangin, kan thawkna kawng hrisel taka awm reng turin thil engemaw zat kan tih theih a awm.

• Meizial zu leh vaping pumpelh: Hei hi a pawimawh ber a ni. Cigarette leh vaping product-a chemical awmte hian thawkna kawng leh lungte nasa takin a tichhe thei a ni. Thâwk lama harsatna i neih tawh chuan meizuk hian a tizual thei a ni.
• Meikhu leh gas hlauhawm tak takte pumpelh rawh: Secondhand smoke, chemical fume, lirthei atanga chhuak, leh radon (carcinogenic radioactive gas) ang chi thilte hi thawk lo la. I hna emaw, i hobby emaw hian leivut emaw, meikhu emaw a tihbuai chuan mask vuah ngei ang che.
• Tui tam tak in rawh: Nitin tui in tam hian thawkna kawng chhunga mucus awm chu a ti thim a, taksa atanga awlsam zawka a kal chhuah theih nan a pui bawk.
• Infection laka invenna: Sahbawn leh tuiin kut sil fo tur a ni. I thawk emaw, i khuh emaw hian i hmui leh hnar tissue hmangin khuh thin ang che. Doctor-in a tih angin vaccine tul apiang la rawh.
• Airway Clearing Exercises: Mi thenkhat, a bik takin COPD emaw Bronchiectasis ang chi natna nei te hian mucus tihfai an harsat thin. An tan hian technique bik a awm a, chu chu huff cough leh chest physical therapy te hi a ni. Hengte hi doctor zawt rawh.

Take-Home Thuchah hnuhnung ber

Tunah chuan kan thawkna kawng, a nih loh leh thawkna kawngte hi tube te tak te chauh a ni lo tih i hrethiam tawh mai thei. Kan taksa tan rawngbawlna an va ropui tak em! Kan hriat lohvin kan taksa hi natna hrik lakah an venghim a, tawngkam min pui a, pangpar mawi tak tak rim kan hriat theih nan min pui bawk.

Chuvangin, hetiang system hlu tak hi kan enkawl vek a pawimawh hle. Kan tih theih ṭha ber chu meizuk pumpelh vek te, meikhu hlauhawm tak thawk chhuah loh te, tui tam tak in te, leh natna laka invenna atana a tul anga hma kan lak te hi a ni I thawkna hriselna enkawl rawh!

` Thlawhna kawng, Thli kawng, thawk, lung, mucus, asthma, thawkna lam natna