Doctor hmu tura i kal hian mi pakhatin, "Thisen test i ti ang u" a tih i hre tawh ngei ang. A chang chuan routine checkup atan a ni a, a chang chuan medical condition atan a ni. Chuti a nih chuan thisen test chu eng nge ni? Engvangin nge a pawimawh em em? Mi tam tak chu tlemin an hlauthawng a, an hlauthawng bawk. Mahse a takah chuan thil pawimawh tak a ni a, chu chuan doctor-in i taksa chhunga thil thleng a hriat theih nan a pui a ni. A awlsam leh chiang takin sawi ila.
Engvangin nge thisen test kan tih a ngaih?
I taksaa thisen chu thu leh hla dahkhawmna ang a ni. I hriselna chungchang tam tak a hrilh thei che a ni. Doctor-in thisen test tir tura a tih chhan hi chhan hrang hrang a awm thei.
- Routine Checkup: Routine checkup neih chhung hian, kum tin i checkup ang bawkin, i doctor chuan engkim a tha em tih enfiah turin thisen test a ti thei ang. Hei hian i thisen, sugar leh thil dang tam takah cell awm dan tlangpui a pe thei che a ni.
- Screening Test: Natna thenkhat, zunthlum emaw, thinlung natna emaw vei theihna a awm chuan, chu hlauhawmna chu a awm leh awm loh hriat nan thisen test a ni a, chu chu a lan chhuah hmain a awm leh awm loh hriat a ni.
- Natna i hriat hunah: Natna lanchhuahna (khawsik, taksa na, hahna) i neih chuan thisen test hian a chhan dik tak hriat theih nan a pui thei a ni. Entirnan, naupaiin symptoms a neih chuan thisen test hmangin hormone level enfiah a, a natna hmuhchhuah chu finfiah theih a ni.
- Enkawlna chu a hlawk em tih enfiah: Natna damdawi i ei a nih chuan i doctor chuan a hun hunah thisen test turin thupek a pe ang a, damdawi chu a thawk tha em tih leh natna a dam chho zel em tih a en ang.
- Genetic conditions chungchang zir rawh: Natna thenkhat hi genetic changes atanga lo awm thei a ni a, chu chu thlah kal zelah a lo awm thei a ni. Hetiang hunah hian thisen sample lak a ni ang a, genetic condition i nei em tih enfiah a ni ang.
Thisen test hian eng nge a lantir tak tak?
A awlsam zawngin, thisen test hian i taksa chhunga thil thleng chu a hmu chiang hle. Chutih lai chuan i taksa chhunga thil thleng chu snapshot lak ang mai a ni. Mahse, thisen test result hi diagnosis a ni lo tih hre reng ang che. I doctor-in i natna chhan a hriat theihna tura puitu clues pawimawh tak tak chauh an ni. I report-a value pakhat chu a tlangpui aia tlem emaw a hniam emaw a nih vang mai mai chuan natna khirh tak i nei tihna a ni hauh lo.
Thisen test hmang hian doctor chuan hetiang thil hi a ngaihtuah ber ang:
- I thisen a thawh that dan: Entirnan, i thisen sen (red blood cells) te hi i taksa pum puia oxygen phurtu an ni. Thisen test-naah i red blood cell count a hniam tih a hriat chuan thisen tlakchhamna (anemia) a ni thei.
- Enzyme leh Electrolyte Level: 1.1.Enzyme hi kan taksaa chemical reaction ti chaktu protein a ni. Electrolytes hi mineral, sodium leh potassium ang chi a ni. An level inthlak danglamna hian kidney leh liver ang chi organ te hnathawh dan tur ngaihtuahna min pe thei a ni.
Thisen test tam ber berte chu engte nge ni?
Thisen test chi hrang hrang a awm a. Thenkhat chuan vawi khatah thil engemaw zat an en thin. Thenkhat chuan thil pakhat chauh an en a. Test kan tih fo thin thenkhat hi han thlir ila.
Thisen chhiar kim (CBC) 1.1.
Hei hi thisen test tam ber a ni. Mi thenkhat chuan `Full Blood Count` an ti bawk. A en ber chu:
- I thisen sen (RBC) , thisen var (WBC) , leh platelet te zat leh dinhmun .
- Hemoglobin level a ni. Hei hi taksaah thisen tlakchhamna (anemia) a awm leh awm loh hriat nan an hmang fo thin.
- Thisen sen (red blood cells) lian tham leh pianzia chungchang hriattirna.
CBC test hian thil tlanglawn tam tak, infection emaw, thisen tlakchhamna emaw i neih leh neih loh te hriat theihna a pe thei che a ni.
Metabolic Panel te chu a awm
Hei hian i thisena chemical chi hrang hrang a en thin. I kal leh thin ang chi taksa peng hrang hrangte hnathawh dan leh i taksaa balance awm dan a hrilh thei che a ni. Hei hi chi hnih a awm a:
1. Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP): Test bulpui thenkhat a tel.
2. Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP): BMP aiin test eng emaw zat a tam zawk.
A hnuaia table-ah hian heng test-te hian an en thin thenkhat tarlan a ni.
| Test Hming | Eng nge a Check? |
|---|---|
| Glucose a awm | Thisen sugar level a ni. Zunthlum natna hriat chian nan. |
| Calcium a ni | Ruh, thinlung leh nerve hnathawhna atana pawimawh mineral. |
| BUN leh Creatinine te a awm bawk | Kidney hnathawh dan leh bawlhhlawh a filter tha em tih enfiah thin ang che. |
| Sodium, Potassium, Chloride (Electrolytes) te hi a awm a, a chhuahna tur hmun tur chu a inang lo hle. | Taksa chhunga fluid leh acid-base balance vawng reng turin. |
| ALT, AST, ALP te an ni | Hengte hi liver enzyme te an ni. An level hian liver hriselna min hrilh a. |
| Bilirubin a ni | Liver atanga siam thil pakhat. Hei hi a pun chuan liver emaw gallbladder emaw a harsatna a awm tih a tilang thei. |
Natna bik hriat theihna atana hman test chi hrang hrang
A chunga kan sawi tak test tlangpui bakah hian natna bik rinhlelhna a awm chuan chu natna nena inzawm test bik pawh an ti bawk.
Cancer tan chuan
Cancer rinhlelh a nih emaw, enkawl lai emaw a nih chuan i doctor chuan special test a ti thei ang.
- Tumor Markers: Hei hi cancer cell emaw, taksaa cell pangngai emaw, cancer chhanna atana thil siam chhuah a ni. Entirnan:
- PSA: prostate cancer tan a ni.
- CA-125: Ovarian cancer tan chuan.
- CEA: Cancer chi hrang hrang tan.
- Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT): Hei hi colon cancer rinhlelh a nih chuan tih a ni.
- Urinalysis: Zun chhunga thisen cell awm leh awm loh enfiah thin.
Lung natna tan
Thisen test bik a awm a, chu chu heart disease emaw heart risk factors emaw enfiahna atan hman theih a ni. Hengte hi cardiac marker an ti bawk .
Endocrine System lama harsatna awm thei
Hei hi hormone kaihhnawih natna a ni.
- Blood Glucose leh A1C: Zunthlum natna hriatchhuah leh enkawl nan.
- Thyroid hormone test (TSH): Thyroid hnathawh dan a enfiah thin.
Thisen test hmain engtin nge i inbuatsaih thin?
Hei hi test i neih dan azirin a danglam dawn a, chuvangin i doctor emaw lab emaw hnen atangin thurawn la fo ang che.
- Fasting: Test thenkhat, fasting blood sugar leh lipid profile te tan chuan darkar 8-12 chhung chaw nghei turin an ti mai thei. Tui tlem in pawh a pawi lo tlangpui. Mahse hemi chungchang hi zawt ngei ang che.
- Tui in tam: Chaw nghei ngai lo test i neih chuan thisen pek hmain tui tam tak in hmasa phawt ang che. Hei hian vein hmuh a awlsam phah ang.
- Moisturizer hnawih: I kut vun a vawt chuan moisturizer hnawih hian a chang chuan needle dah a awlsam phah thei.
- Exercise light: Thisen pek hmaa kal kual ang chi thil tih hian thisen kal a tipung thei a, vein hmuh a ti awlsam bawk.
Thisen an lak hian eng nge thleng thin?
Thisen lak thiam bik mi pakhat a awm a, chu chu ``Phlebotomists`` an ti a. Hetiang kalphung hi hetiang hian a thleng thin:
1. Chair-ah thuin i kut i phar theih nan a chungah dawhkan dah turin an ti ang che.
2. Kawr sei tak i ha a nih chuan i kutphah chu i elbow chungah chawi sang turin an ti ang.
3. Thisen lakna tur hmun chu antiseptic hmanga silfai a ni ang a, a kut chunglam ah elastic band (tourniquet) hnawih a ni ang. Vein te chu a langsar zawk theih nan kut chu hrual turin an ti thei bawk.
4. Tichuan, rang takin, zungbun te tak te chu thisen zam chhungah an thun lut a. Hei hi ``Venipuncture'' an ti a. Tlemte chuan stinging sensation i nei mai thei.
5. Lancet-a inbun tube-ah thisen mamawh zat chu la khawm rawh. Test chi hrang hrang a zirin tube pakhat aia tam a ngai thei bawk.
6. Thisen an lak zawh veleh elastic band chu la chhuakin, needle chu la chhuakin, a hmunah chuan cotton chi khat dahin, plaster an hnawih a.
Thisen laksak i hlau em? I tih theih thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni
Mi tam takin thisen pek chungchang an hriat hian tlem an hlauthawng emaw, an lungkham deuh emaw hi thil pangngai a ni. Chutiang chu i tan a nih chuan hengte hi han ti ve teh:
- A chhan hrethiam rawh: I doctor hnenah engvangin nge he test hi tih a nih tih leh eng nge a zawn dawn tih zawt rawh. Hei hian i hlauhthawn loh nan a pui ang.
- Thâwk la thûk rawh: Needle i thun dawnin zawi zawiin thawk la la, thawk chhuak rawh.
- Kawng lehlamah en rawh: Hling en i hlau a nih chuan a lehlamah en rawh.
- I ngaihtuahna tibuaitu: Rilru lama 10 thleng chhiar emaw, hla duh ber hriatreng emaw ang chi thil ti rawh.
Test zawhah... report chungchang hi han hre ila.
Thisen lak chhuah hnuah darkar engemaw zat chu bandage chu bun reng tur a ni. Results lo kir leh hun chhung hi test a zirin a inang lo. Test thenkhat result hmuh nan darkar tlemte a ngai a, thenkhat, genetic test ang chi te hian ni tam tak a daih thei bawk.
A pawimawh ber chu, Doctor-in a rawn call a, report chungchang a sawi duh che a tih chuan phuba lak hlau suh.Thil tha lo tihna a ni ngai lo. A rah chhuah pangngai sawifiah la, a nih loh leh i hriselna tihchangtlun dan tur sawi rawh.
Thisen test report atanga thutlukna siamah zuang lut suh. I doctor chauh hian a hlutnate chu dik takin a hrethiam thei a, i hriselna dinhmun nena inzawmin a hrilhfiah thei bawk.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Thisen test hi doctor ten i hriselna chungchang an hriat nana hmanraw pawimawh tak leh hman tlanglawn tak a ni.
- Thisen test result chu normal range pawn lam a nih vang mai mai chuan natna khirh tak a ni tihna a ni lo. Thlalak pum puia hmun khat chauh a ni.
- Test hmaa chaw nghei ang chi thupek i dawn chuan zawm dik rawh.
- I hriatthiam loh zawng zawng, test chungchang emaw, result chungchang emaw pawh nise, i doctor hnenah zawh hreh suh.
- Thisen test report hi nangmah chauhin hrilhfiah ngai suh. Doctor nen sawiho fo thin ang che.
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