Skip to main content

Bladder stone i nei em? He tunlai enkawlna hmanraw (Cystolitholapaxy) hi han sawi ila!

Bladder stone i nei em? He tunlai enkawlna hmanraw (Cystolitholapaxy) hi han sawi ila!

Urinary tract infection (UTI) i vei fo em? Natna, rit, a nih loh leh zun chhuah ngai reng reng i nei em? I zun ah thisen tlem a awm maithei? Hei hi a chhan pakhat chu i bladder-a lung awm vang a ni thei. Hengte hi bladder stone kan ti a. He hming i hriat hian hlauhna i nei a nih pawhin lungngai suh. Tunah chuan hei hi enkawlna hmasawn tak tak, hman awlsam leh awlsam tak tak a awm ta. Chu chu vawiinah kan sawi dawn a ni.

Cystolitholapaxy tih hi eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin, hei hi surgical procedure a ni a, i bladder-a lung awmte chu a te tein a then a, incision lian tak siam lovin a paih chhuak thin Heng lungte hi i zun chhunga mineral awmkhawm avanga lo awm, lung ang chi khauh tak an ni.

Hetiang tih dan hi hetiang hian tih a ni: Surgeon chuan i zunthlum kaltlangin i zunthlum (bladder)-ah hian hmanraw te tak te, tube ang chi cystoscope an tih chu a dah lut a. A tawp lamah camera a nei a, chuvang chuan doctor chuan i bladder chhunga lung awmna hmun dik tak chu a hmu thei a ni. Tichuan, laser emaw, ultrasound hmanrua emaw hmangin doctor chuan lungte chu a tikehsawm a. A tawpah chuan lung chi hrang hrang chu solution hmangin an silfai chhuak thin.

Hei hi a thatna lian ber pakhat chu outpatient procedure a nih avangin ni khata tih theih a ni . Natna i hriat loh nan general anesthesia hmangin emaw, a hmun chauh numb turin local anesthesia hmangin emaw tih a ni.

He surgery hi hmanraw lian pahnih a awm a.

Cystolitholapaxy tih dan tlangpui pahnih a awm. I doctor chuan i dinhmun a zirin a hman dan tur dik ber a ruat ang.

Surgery tih dan tur Tuin nge hetiang hi ti a, engtin nge ti?
Transurethral Cystolitholapaxy hmanga enkawl a ni Hei hi hmanraw hman tlanglawn ber a ni. Doctor chuan i zunthlum (urethra) chhungah camera tube (cystoscope) te tak te a thun a, lung a zawng a, laser hmangin a tikehsawm a, a paih chhuak thin. Taksa khawiah mah pawn lam incision siam a ni lo.
Suprapubic Cystolitholapaxy hi vun chhunga tihchhuah a ni Hetiang tih dan hi naupang tê (an zun kawng a thianghlim em avangin) leh puitling lung lian tak tak nei te chungah hman a ni tlangpui . Hetiang tih danah hian vun leh pum hnuai lam bladder-ah incision te tak te tak tak siam a ni a, chuta tang chuan lungte paih chhuahna tur hmanrua dah a ni.

Operation hmain engtin nge i inbuatsaih thin?

I doctor chuan operation hmaa i mamawh tur instruction zawng zawng a pe ang che. Chûng zîngah chuan:

  • Nitin damdawi i ei apiang (zunthlum leh thisen sang damdawi te pawh tel) i doctor hnenah hrilh rawh . Damdawi thenkhat, thisen tithianghlimtu ang chi, operation hma ni engemaw zat ei kha bansan turin an ti mai thei che. Doctor thurawn tel lo chuan damdawi engmah ei khap suh.
  • Ei leh in chawlhsan hun: A tlangpuiin, zai hma zan zanlai hnuah engmah ei leh in lo turin an hrilh che a ni.
  • In thlenga puitu tur che: Operation hnua in lama hruai haw tur che tur ruahmanna siam rawh. Anesthesia hian nghawng a neih avangin darkar 24 hmasa berah chuan nangmah chauhin lirthei i khalh thei dawn lo.
  • Surgery chungchang hriatthiamna chiang tak: Surgery neih ni-a thil thleng tur leh a hnua thil thleng tur chungchangah zawhna zawt ngei ang che.

Surgery hi a hrehawm em?

No. Anesthesia pek i nih dawn avangin operation neih chhung hian natna engmah i nei lovang. A tam zawkah chuan general anesthesia pek i ni ang a, chu chuan i muhil vek ang. A then phei chuan i harh ang a, mahse i pum hnuai lam chu a numb ang (local anesthesia), chuvangin natna engmah i hre lo ang.

Operation hnuah eng nge beisei tur?

Heng thilte hi operation hnu ni hnih emaw ni thum emaw chhunga thil thleng pangngai a ni. Anmahni chu lungngai suh.

  • Thisen tlem emaw, zun chhunga thisen zam te te emaw a awm .
  • Zun chhuah laiin kang emaw, na emaw tlem a awm.
  • Lung te tak te tak tak zun nena kal tlang.

A pawimawh ber chu i doctor hnenah operation hnua thil pangngai leh engtikah nge i biak tur tih chiang taka zawh hi a ni.

Mi thenkhat chuan operation an neih hnuah an bladder-ah catheter dah an ni thei bawk. Hei hian zun chu tube kaltlangin taksa pawna bag chhungah a luang lut thei a, chu chu bladder a dam hma loh chuan a ti thei a ni. Hei hi ni engemaw zat a hmunah dah mai theih a ni a, chutah chuan doctor chuan a la chhuak ang.

In lama zawm tur thilte:

  • Surgery zawhah tui tam tak in tur a ni .Ni khata litre 2-3 tal in hian zun kawng a tifai thuai ang.
  • Natna tenau i neih chuan doctor-in a tih angin Paracetamol ang chi painkiller ei thin ang che.
  • I doctor-in natna hrik laka invenna atana antibiotics a pek chuan a pek hun chhung dik tak ei tur a ni.
  • Ni khat emaw ni hnih emaw chhung chu chawl tha rawh.

He surgery hian eng hlawkna leh hlauhawmna nge a neih?

Hei hi a thatna lian ber chu minimally invasive surgery a nih avangin a dam leh thuai a ni . Bladder lung hi enkawl loh a nih chuan zun kawng natna a thlen fo thei a, hun kal zelah bladder emaw kidney emaw a tichhe vek thei bawk.

Eng surgery pawh hian hlauhawmna engemaw zat awm mahse, hei hi a tlangpuiin a him hle. Harsatna awm tam ber chu zun kawng infection (UTI) a ni. Hei hi awlsam takin antibiotics hmanga enkawl theih a ni. Harsatna dang lo awm thei hi a tlem hle a, chungte chu:

  • Thisen chhuah tam lutuk
  • Urinary tract-a scar tissue siam chhuah
  • Lung lo lang leh (lung siam chhan bulpui ber enkawl loh chuan) .
  • Hriatrengna tidanglam thei damdawi hmanga thil tih dan

Dam leh doctor hmuh leh a ni

Mi tam zawk chu kar khat emaw kar hnih emaw chhungin an dam vek . In i thlen chuan a pangngaiin i ei leh in thei.

  • Exercise: Kar hnih vel chu thil rit phurh emaw, exercise hahthlak tak emaw tih loh tur. Amaherawhchu, tlem tal kea kal leh stairs chhoh a tha. Natna i hriat chuan titawp rawh.
  • Hnathawh lama kir leh: I hnathawh dan azirin ni hnih atanga ni thum chhungin hna i thawk leh thei mai thei.
  • Medical check-up: Doctor chuan kar khat emaw kar hnih emaw vel hnuah ``post-operative appointment'' nei turin a rawn kir leh ang che. Urinary catheter dah a nih chuan a lakchhuahna tur ni hran pek a ni ang.
  • Recheck: A châng chuan, lungte chu a liam kim tawh em tih emaw, a lo kir leh tawh em tih emaw hriat tumin X-ray emaw CT scan emaw ti turin an ti thei che a ni.

Engtikah nge doctor i biak nghal tur?

Operation hnu kar khata a hnuaia symptoms te hi i la neih chuan doctor ko nghal la , a nih loh leh enkawlna i dawnna damdawi inah kal rawh.

  • Zun chhuah laiin natna nasa tak a nei .
  • Zun theih lohna (urinary retention).
  • Thisen sen dum emaw, zun chhunga thisen zam lian tak emaw (ni hmasa berah chuan pink tinge tlem a awm chu thil pangngai a ni).
  • Pum hnuai lam emaw, hnungzang emaw a na hle.
  • Khawsik (38.5 Celsius aia sang / 101 Fahrenheit) a ni.
  • Chhung na emaw thawk harsa emawEmergency a awm chuan damdawi in hnai ber Emergency Department (ETU) pan nghal tur a ni.

Take-Home Thuchah a ni

  • Cystolitholapaxy hi tunlai, minimally invasive surgical procedure a ni a, bladder stone tihbo nan hman a ni.
  • Hetah hian camera tube te tak te hmangin lungte chu an tikehsawm a, an silfai thin a, chuvangin incision lian tak tak a ngai lo.
  • Operation hnu ni engemaw zat chu zun-ah thisen tlem emaw, kang emaw a awm hi thil pangngai a ni.
  • A tlangpuiin a dam kim theih nan kar 1-2 vel a ngai thin. Hemi hun chhung hian tui in tam a, chawlh hahdam a pawimawh.
  • Natna nasa tak, khawsik, zun chhuah loh ang chi symptom i neih chuan doctor pan nghal rawh.
  • I doctor thupek zawm reng hi dam thuai nan a pawimawh hle.

Bladder stone, cystolitholapaxy, bladder stone, cystoscopy, urethritis, surgery, urology, kal natna, bladder lung enkawl dan

👩🏽 ⚕️ Zawhna dang (FAQ)

💬 Joint Pain / Arthralgia hi eng nge ni?

Thil rit tak chawi hnua natna tenau mai mai a ni lo! ‘Joint Pain’ tih hi ruh pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw, i khup, i hip, i kekawrte, i kut zungtang ruh te a dull ache/sharp pain a ni a, chu chuan stairs lawn/cup chelh harsa a ti a, a chang chuan ruh a sen a, a ti hring bawk. Hei hi tar chakna pangngai mai a ni lo va, autoimmune natna hlauhawm tak chhinchhiahna a ni thei bawk!

💬 Khum atanga tho chhuak thei lo ruh na chhan berte chu engte nge ni?

Hei hi chhan lian 4 a awm! 1) ‘Osteoarthritis’ - Kan tar chhoh zel leh mi thau lutukah chuan ruh (cartilage) a chhe a, ruhte chu a inzawm khawm (khup/hips) a, natna a thlen thin. 2) ‘Rheumatoid Arthritis/RA’ - Kan immune system a â a, kan ruh (a bik takin kut zungtang te te) a bei a, a tichhia (hetiang a nih chuan zing lamah kan che thei lo, lung kan nei). 3) Dengue/viral fever. 4) Gout (Gout - Thisenah uric acid a pung).

💬 I ruh a na chuan damdawi in pan nghal tur a ni a, in lama balm/Penadol chauh la lovin. ‘Thihna/emergency case (Septic Arthritis)’ te chu engte nge ni?

Normal wear and tear atan chuan pillow/ice dahin painkiller i ei thei bawk. Mahse, hlauhawm ber leh pawi ber chu! I ‘ruh pakhat (e.g. khup) chu rang takin (darkar tlemte chhungin) balloon ang maiin a lo hring a, a sen dum a, mei ang maiin a lum a, khawsik sang leh khur nasa tak nen tuar theih loh (Severe sudden pain/Warmth) a nih chuan, chu chu ruh chhunga lut bacteria (Septic Arthritis) a ni ngei ang! Ni khat pawh a tlai a nih chuan chu ruh chu a ro ang a, a paralyzed vek ang a, damdawi inah dah nghal a ngai a ni!

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Surgery hi a hrehawm em?

No. Anesthesia pek i nih dawn avangin operation neih chhung hian natna engmah i nei lovang. A tam zawkah chuan general anesthesia pek i ni ang a, chu chuan i muhil vek ang. A then phei chuan i harh ang a, mahse i pum hnuai lam chu a numb ang (local anesthesia), chuvangin natna engmah i hre lo ang.

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

💬 Comments (0)

Comment a la awm lo. Hetah hian i comment hi a vawikhatna atan add rawh.

I comment kha add rawh

Khawngaihin chhut la: 5 + 9 =
Bladder stone i nei em? He tunlai enkawlna hmanraw (Cystolitholapaxy) hi han sawi ila!
Surgery neih a niApril 9, 2026

Bladder stone i nei em? He tunlai enkawlna hmanraw (Cystolitholapaxy) hi han sawi ila!

Urinary tract infection (UTI) i vei fo em? Natna, rit, a nih loh leh zun chhuah ngai reng reng i nei em? I zun ah thisen tlem a awm maithei? Hei hi a chhan pakhat chu i bladder-a lung awm vang a ni thei. Hengte hi bladder stone kan ti a. He hming i hriat hian hlauhna i nei a nih pawhin lungngai suh. Tunah chuan hei hi enkawlna hmasawn tak tak, hman awlsam leh awlsam tak tak a awm ta. Chu chu vawiinah kan sawi dawn a ni.

Cystolitholapaxy tih hi eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin, hei hi surgical procedure a ni a, i bladder-a lung awmte chu a te tein a then a, incision lian tak siam lovin a paih chhuak thin Heng lungte hi i zun chhunga mineral awmkhawm avanga lo awm, lung ang chi khauh tak an ni.

Hetiang tih dan hi hetiang hian tih a ni: Surgeon chuan i zunthlum kaltlangin i zunthlum (bladder)-ah hian hmanraw te tak te, tube ang chi cystoscope an tih chu a dah lut a. A tawp lamah camera a nei a, chuvang chuan doctor chuan i bladder chhunga lung awmna hmun dik tak chu a hmu thei a ni. Tichuan, laser emaw, ultrasound hmanrua emaw hmangin doctor chuan lungte chu a tikehsawm a. A tawpah chuan lung chi hrang hrang chu solution hmangin an silfai chhuak thin.

Hei hi a thatna lian ber pakhat chu outpatient procedure a nih avangin ni khata tih theih a ni . Natna i hriat loh nan general anesthesia hmangin emaw, a hmun chauh numb turin local anesthesia hmangin emaw tih a ni.

He surgery hi hmanraw lian pahnih a awm a.

Cystolitholapaxy tih dan tlangpui pahnih a awm. I doctor chuan i dinhmun a zirin a hman dan tur dik ber a ruat ang.

Surgery tih dan tur Tuin nge hetiang hi ti a, engtin nge ti?
Transurethral Cystolitholapaxy hmanga enkawl a ni Hei hi hmanraw hman tlanglawn ber a ni. Doctor chuan i zunthlum (urethra) chhungah camera tube (cystoscope) te tak te a thun a, lung a zawng a, laser hmangin a tikehsawm a, a paih chhuak thin. Taksa khawiah mah pawn lam incision siam a ni lo.
Suprapubic Cystolitholapaxy hi vun chhunga tihchhuah a ni Hetiang tih dan hi naupang tê (an zun kawng a thianghlim em avangin) leh puitling lung lian tak tak nei te chungah hman a ni tlangpui . Hetiang tih danah hian vun leh pum hnuai lam bladder-ah incision te tak te tak tak siam a ni a, chuta tang chuan lungte paih chhuahna tur hmanrua dah a ni.

Operation hmain engtin nge i inbuatsaih thin?

I doctor chuan operation hmaa i mamawh tur instruction zawng zawng a pe ang che. Chûng zîngah chuan:

  • Nitin damdawi i ei apiang (zunthlum leh thisen sang damdawi te pawh tel) i doctor hnenah hrilh rawh . Damdawi thenkhat, thisen tithianghlimtu ang chi, operation hma ni engemaw zat ei kha bansan turin an ti mai thei che. Doctor thurawn tel lo chuan damdawi engmah ei khap suh.
  • Ei leh in chawlhsan hun: A tlangpuiin, zai hma zan zanlai hnuah engmah ei leh in lo turin an hrilh che a ni.
  • In thlenga puitu tur che: Operation hnua in lama hruai haw tur che tur ruahmanna siam rawh. Anesthesia hian nghawng a neih avangin darkar 24 hmasa berah chuan nangmah chauhin lirthei i khalh thei dawn lo.
  • Surgery chungchang hriatthiamna chiang tak: Surgery neih ni-a thil thleng tur leh a hnua thil thleng tur chungchangah zawhna zawt ngei ang che.

Surgery hi a hrehawm em?

No. Anesthesia pek i nih dawn avangin operation neih chhung hian natna engmah i nei lovang. A tam zawkah chuan general anesthesia pek i ni ang a, chu chuan i muhil vek ang. A then phei chuan i harh ang a, mahse i pum hnuai lam chu a numb ang (local anesthesia), chuvangin natna engmah i hre lo ang.

Operation hnuah eng nge beisei tur?

Heng thilte hi operation hnu ni hnih emaw ni thum emaw chhunga thil thleng pangngai a ni. Anmahni chu lungngai suh.

  • Thisen tlem emaw, zun chhunga thisen zam te te emaw a awm .
  • Zun chhuah laiin kang emaw, na emaw tlem a awm.
  • Lung te tak te tak tak zun nena kal tlang.

A pawimawh ber chu i doctor hnenah operation hnua thil pangngai leh engtikah nge i biak tur tih chiang taka zawh hi a ni.

Mi thenkhat chuan operation an neih hnuah an bladder-ah catheter dah an ni thei bawk. Hei hian zun chu tube kaltlangin taksa pawna bag chhungah a luang lut thei a, chu chu bladder a dam hma loh chuan a ti thei a ni. Hei hi ni engemaw zat a hmunah dah mai theih a ni a, chutah chuan doctor chuan a la chhuak ang.

In lama zawm tur thilte:

  • Surgery zawhah tui tam tak in tur a ni .Ni khata litre 2-3 tal in hian zun kawng a tifai thuai ang.
  • Natna tenau i neih chuan doctor-in a tih angin Paracetamol ang chi painkiller ei thin ang che.
  • I doctor-in natna hrik laka invenna atana antibiotics a pek chuan a pek hun chhung dik tak ei tur a ni.
  • Ni khat emaw ni hnih emaw chhung chu chawl tha rawh.

He surgery hian eng hlawkna leh hlauhawmna nge a neih?

Hei hi a thatna lian ber chu minimally invasive surgery a nih avangin a dam leh thuai a ni . Bladder lung hi enkawl loh a nih chuan zun kawng natna a thlen fo thei a, hun kal zelah bladder emaw kidney emaw a tichhe vek thei bawk.

Eng surgery pawh hian hlauhawmna engemaw zat awm mahse, hei hi a tlangpuiin a him hle. Harsatna awm tam ber chu zun kawng infection (UTI) a ni. Hei hi awlsam takin antibiotics hmanga enkawl theih a ni. Harsatna dang lo awm thei hi a tlem hle a, chungte chu:

  • Thisen chhuah tam lutuk
  • Urinary tract-a scar tissue siam chhuah
  • Lung lo lang leh (lung siam chhan bulpui ber enkawl loh chuan) .
  • Hriatrengna tidanglam thei damdawi hmanga thil tih dan

Dam leh doctor hmuh leh a ni

Mi tam zawk chu kar khat emaw kar hnih emaw chhungin an dam vek . In i thlen chuan a pangngaiin i ei leh in thei.

  • Exercise: Kar hnih vel chu thil rit phurh emaw, exercise hahthlak tak emaw tih loh tur. Amaherawhchu, tlem tal kea kal leh stairs chhoh a tha. Natna i hriat chuan titawp rawh.
  • Hnathawh lama kir leh: I hnathawh dan azirin ni hnih atanga ni thum chhungin hna i thawk leh thei mai thei.
  • Medical check-up: Doctor chuan kar khat emaw kar hnih emaw vel hnuah ``post-operative appointment'' nei turin a rawn kir leh ang che. Urinary catheter dah a nih chuan a lakchhuahna tur ni hran pek a ni ang.
  • Recheck: A châng chuan, lungte chu a liam kim tawh em tih emaw, a lo kir leh tawh em tih emaw hriat tumin X-ray emaw CT scan emaw ti turin an ti thei che a ni.

Engtikah nge doctor i biak nghal tur?

Operation hnu kar khata a hnuaia symptoms te hi i la neih chuan doctor ko nghal la , a nih loh leh enkawlna i dawnna damdawi inah kal rawh.

  • Zun chhuah laiin natna nasa tak a nei .
  • Zun theih lohna (urinary retention).
  • Thisen sen dum emaw, zun chhunga thisen zam lian tak emaw (ni hmasa berah chuan pink tinge tlem a awm chu thil pangngai a ni).
  • Pum hnuai lam emaw, hnungzang emaw a na hle.
  • Khawsik (38.5 Celsius aia sang / 101 Fahrenheit) a ni.
  • Chhung na emaw thawk harsa emawEmergency a awm chuan damdawi in hnai ber Emergency Department (ETU) pan nghal tur a ni.

Take-Home Thuchah a ni

  • Cystolitholapaxy hi tunlai, minimally invasive surgical procedure a ni a, bladder stone tihbo nan hman a ni.
  • Hetah hian camera tube te tak te hmangin lungte chu an tikehsawm a, an silfai thin a, chuvangin incision lian tak tak a ngai lo.
  • Operation hnu ni engemaw zat chu zun-ah thisen tlem emaw, kang emaw a awm hi thil pangngai a ni.
  • A tlangpuiin a dam kim theih nan kar 1-2 vel a ngai thin. Hemi hun chhung hian tui in tam a, chawlh hahdam a pawimawh.
  • Natna nasa tak, khawsik, zun chhuah loh ang chi symptom i neih chuan doctor pan nghal rawh.
  • I doctor thupek zawm reng hi dam thuai nan a pawimawh hle.

Bladder stone, cystolitholapaxy, bladder stone, cystoscopy, urethritis, surgery, urology, kal natna, bladder lung enkawl dan

👩🏽 ⚕️ Zawhna dang (FAQ)

💬 Joint Pain / Arthralgia hi eng nge ni?

Thil rit tak chawi hnua natna tenau mai mai a ni lo! ‘Joint Pain’ tih hi ruh pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw, i khup, i hip, i kekawrte, i kut zungtang ruh te a dull ache/sharp pain a ni a, chu chuan stairs lawn/cup chelh harsa a ti a, a chang chuan ruh a sen a, a ti hring bawk. Hei hi tar chakna pangngai mai a ni lo va, autoimmune natna hlauhawm tak chhinchhiahna a ni thei bawk!

💬 Khum atanga tho chhuak thei lo ruh na chhan berte chu engte nge ni?

Hei hi chhan lian 4 a awm! 1) ‘Osteoarthritis’ - Kan tar chhoh zel leh mi thau lutukah chuan ruh (cartilage) a chhe a, ruhte chu a inzawm khawm (khup/hips) a, natna a thlen thin. 2) ‘Rheumatoid Arthritis/RA’ - Kan immune system a â a, kan ruh (a bik takin kut zungtang te te) a bei a, a tichhia (hetiang a nih chuan zing lamah kan che thei lo, lung kan nei). 3) Dengue/viral fever. 4) Gout (Gout - Thisenah uric acid a pung).

💬 I ruh a na chuan damdawi in pan nghal tur a ni a, in lama balm/Penadol chauh la lovin. ‘Thihna/emergency case (Septic Arthritis)’ te chu engte nge ni?

Normal wear and tear atan chuan pillow/ice dahin painkiller i ei thei bawk. Mahse, hlauhawm ber leh pawi ber chu! I ‘ruh pakhat (e.g. khup) chu rang takin (darkar tlemte chhungin) balloon ang maiin a lo hring a, a sen dum a, mei ang maiin a lum a, khawsik sang leh khur nasa tak nen tuar theih loh (Severe sudden pain/Warmth) a nih chuan, chu chu ruh chhunga lut bacteria (Septic Arthritis) a ni ngei ang! Ni khat pawh a tlai a nih chuan chu ruh chu a ro ang a, a paralyzed vek ang a, damdawi inah dah nghal a ngai a ni!

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Surgery hi a hrehawm em?

No. Anesthesia pek i nih dawn avangin operation neih chhung hian natna engmah i nei lovang. A tam zawkah chuan general anesthesia pek i ni ang a, chu chuan i muhil vek ang. A then phei chuan i harh ang a, mahse i pum hnuai lam chu a numb ang (local anesthesia), chuvangin natna engmah i hre lo ang.

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

💬 Comments (0)

Comment a la awm lo. Hetah hian i comment hi a vawikhatna atan add rawh.

I comment kha add rawh

Khawngaihin chhut la: 5 + 9 =