I fa hian sikul hna hi a duh lo tak zet em? Homework i pek hian a bo em ni, a nih loh leh a bânsan mai mai a, chhan awm lovin a chhuak mai mai em ni? Class-ah naupang dangte aiin a hnufual em? A tam zawkah chuan nu leh pa kan nih angin naupang hian boredom emaw, misual emaw avanga hetiang thil hi a ti niin kan ngai thin. Mahse chutiang chu a ni reng reng lo. Hei hi a chhan chu kan hriat loh zirlai harsatna vang pawh a ni mai thei. Hei hi hriat chian hi naupang hmalam hun atan a pawimawh hle.
Zirna lama harsatna chu eng nge ni?
A awlsam zawngin, zirlai lama harsatna chu mi pakhatin thu a dawn dan, a hriatthiam dan leh a process danah harsatna a ni. Naupang finna leh thluak natna engmah avanga lo awm a ni lo.
He thil pawimawh tak hi hre reng ang che: Zirna lama harsatna i neih hian i fa chu "mi â" emaw, "lazy" emaw a ni tihna a ni lo. Dik tak chuan heng naupangte hi an fing hle thei a ni. Thil an hmuh dan, an hriat dan leh an hriatthiam dan hi midang nen tlem a danglam deuh tihna mai a ni.
Mi thenkhatin glasses tel lo chuan chiang takin an hmu thei lo ang bawkin heng naupangte hian information process turin an thluak hmanga tanpuina tlem an mamawh bawk. Hei hian class-a ngaihven emaw, exam zir emaw ang chi thilte chu an tan harsatna lian tak a siam thei a ni.
Tin, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) leh Autism Spectrum Disorders ang chi condition te hi zirlai harsatna nen a danglam a ni. Mahse, a châng chuan naupang chuan heng natna pakhat emaw, a aia tam emaw hi a nei dun thei a ni.
Zirna lama harsatna nei chi hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?
Zirna lama harsatna hi chi hrang hrang a awm thei. Chumi awmzia chu naupang tin an nghawng dan a inang lo tihna a ni. A chi hrang hrang thenkhat han thlir ila. Chûngte hriatthiamna chuan i fate nungchang chu a hre chiang zâwk ang.
| Chak lohna hming | Engtin nge a nghawng | Sri Lanka ramah hian entirnan kan hmu thei |
|---|---|---|
| Dyspraxia (Dyspraxia) a awm thei | Taksa chetna leh inremna (motor skills) a nghawng. | Amah leh amah a inbual reng a, thil a thlak fo bawk. A sikul kawr button a harsat a, a pheikhawk hrui a khih a, spoon hmanga chaw a ei bawk. Thuziak leh type harsa tak a ni. |
| Dyslexia natna (Dyslexia) a awm | Ṭawng, a bikin lehkha chhiar leh ziak hi a nghawng a ni. | Chhiar laia hawrawp (letter) a tibuai (e.g. ‘pa’ leh ‘da’, ‘va’ leh ‘cha’). Thusawi a pumpelh a, ring taka chhiar a duh lo. Thu chhiar awmzia hriatthiam harsa a nei. Thusawi laiin mahni rilrua awm chu thu hmanga sawi chhuah a harsat. |
| Dysgraphia natna (Dysgraphia) a awm | Thuziak thiamna a nghawng. | Kutziak hi a buai em em a, chhiar harsa tak a ni. Letter lian leh te, a pianzia a inang lo. Spelling dik lo a awm fo thin. I rilruah ngaihtuahna pakhat lehkhaah dah a harsa hle. |
| Dyscalculia natna (Dyscalculia) a awm | Mathematics thiamna a nghawng. | Number hriat leh chhiar harsat. Addition leh subtraction awlsam tak tih harsa. Hun hriat harsa, sum hman dan leh multiplication table hriat reng harsa. |
| Auditory Processing lama harsatna nei | Beng hriatna ri thluak hriatthiamna lama harsatna a ni (hriatna lama harsatna a ni lo). | Thu sawi chu an hrethiam lo niin a lang. Hmun ri bengchheng tak takah chuan thu sawi an hre thei lo. Thupek zawm harsa an ti hle. Thumal ri inang (e.g., ‘did’ leh ‘did’) te chu an tibuaitu a ni. |
| Visual Processing Disorder a ni | Mit hmuh dan thluak hriatthiamna lama harsatna a ni (mit hmuh danah harsatna a ni lo). | Thlalak inang pahnih inthlauhna hmu thei lo. Letter leh shape a tibuaitu. Kut leh mit inzawmna (e.g., ball man) kawngah harsatna a nei. |
Zirna lama harsatna nei tih hriattirna chhinchhiahna tlangpui
Naupang tinte tan symptoms list pakhata awm a nih loh avangin zirlai harsatna hriatchhuah a harsa thei hle. Tin, naupang tam tak chuan an chak lohna thup an tum bawk. A châng chuan i hmuh chhuah chhun chu homework chungchanga an phunnawi emaw, sikul kal duh loh emaw chauh a ni.
Mahse, a hnuaia symptoms te hi a la awm reng a nih chuan ngaihtuahawm tur a ni:
- Lehkhabu chhiar leh ziak lama mamawh leh ngaihven lohna .
- Thil hriatreng harsa .
- Eng hna pawh a thawk tha hle .
- Thupek zawm harsa .
- Ngaihtuah chhunzawm thei lo.
- Abstract idea hriatthiam harsa.
- Ṭhiante nena in inpawh danah social skills tlakchhamna i hmuh chuan.
- Class-a a tul lo taka tihbuai theihna .
Thil pawimawh tak chu naupang pakhatin heng symptoms pakhat emaw pahnih emaw an neih vang mai maia zirlai harsatna nei anga ngaih loh hi a ni. Mahse heng symptoms engemaw zat hi thla tam tak chhung a awm reng chuan chhui chian a pawimawh hle.
Engtin nge he natna hi dik taka hriat theih?
Hei hi thisen test hmanga hriat theih thil a ni lo. Hei hi a rei deuh hlek a ni.
1. Step 1: Rinhlelhna i neih chuan i fate class zirtirtu nen inbia hmasa phawt ang che. Zirtirtu hian i fate class-a a awm dan tur ngaihtuahna tha ber a nei a.
2. Step 2: A dawtah chuan i chhungkaw doctor (physician) nen inhmuhkhawm la, hei hi sawipui rawh. Doctor chuan naupang than dan leh hriselna a enfiah ang.
3. Specialist tanpuina: A tam zawkah chuan doctor chuan he lama thiamna nei te hnenah a refer ang che. Heng mite hi naupang harsatna awm dan azirin an danglam thei. Entir nan:
- Clinical Psychologist: Naupang finna, rilru put hmang leh nungchang te a enfiah thin.
- Occupational Therapist: Fine motor lama harsatna awm thei, ziak leh button siam te tan a pui thin.
- Speech and Language Therapist: Ṭawng hman leh hriatthiamna lama harsatna awmte chu a pui ṭhin.
Heng mite hian i fate harsatna dik tak chu eng nge ni tih hriat nan test leh assessment hrang hrang an hmang thin. Hetiang kalphung hian hun engemaw chen a la duh a, chu chu nu leh pa angin i tan chuan a lungchhiatthlak thei hle. Mahse diagnosis dik tak neih hi i fate tanpui dan tha ber a ni.
Nu leh pa anga i tih theih thilte
I fain zirlai lama harsatna a nei tih i hriat hian i rilru a buai a, i mangang tih hi thil pangngai a ni. Mahse, nangmah chauh i ni lo tih hre reng ang che. Tanpuina dik tak an neih chuan heng naupangte hian hlawhtlinna hun remchang tam tak an nei a ni.
1. Naupang dinhmun hriat chian.
I fate chak lohna bik leh chu chuan an zirlai a nghawng dan chu i theih ang angin zawng chhuak rawh. A puih theih dan leh enkawl dante chu zawng rawh. Tichuan, i fate tâna ṭha ber tûr thlan kawngah active takin i thawhhlawk thei ang.
2. I fa chakna ber ni rawh.
I fa chakna ber i ni. School zirtirtu te nen inbia la, i fate tanpui thei tur special education plan siam tum ang che. Ram dangah chuan hei hi ``IEP - Individualized Education Program'' an ti a. Sri Lanka school system-ah pawh zirtirtute nen thawk hovin naupang chakna tihhmasawn leh chak lohna hneh thei tur method i sawiho thei bawk.
3. I fateah hriselna tha tak tuh
Naupang taksa leh rilru hriselna atan mut that te, chaw tha ei te, exercise neih reng te hi a pawimawh hle. Heng thilte hian naupang ngaihsakna leh zirlai thiamna tihchangtlun nan a pui bawk.
4. I fa rilru hrisel dan hi ngaihven rawh
Zirna lama harsatna hian naupang mahni inngaihhlutnaah nghawng lian tak a nei thei a ni. "Ka thei lo" leh "Ka â" tih ang chi hi an ngaihtuah mai thei. Chuvangin i fate rilru put hmang hi hre reng ang che. An lungngai reng a, an mut leh ei duhna a inthlak danglam a, a nih loh leh an hlim thin thilte chu nuam an ti tawh lo a nih chuan hei hi ngaihven la, a tul chuan doctor nen inbia ang che.
I hmangaihna leh i thlawpna hi naupangin a dawn theih damdawi ropui ber a ni tih hre reng ang che.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Zirna lama harsatna chu finna tlakchham leh rilru hah lutuk a ni lo. Thluak hian information a process dan inang lo mai a ni.
- A chi hrang hrang a awm a, chu chu dyslexia (lehkha chhiar harsatna) leh dyscalculia (math lama harsatna) te hi a ni. Naupang tinte a nghawng dan a inang lo.
- I fain sikul hna a thawh duh loh lutuk emaw, thil hriat reng a harsat emaw, lehkha chhiar leh ziak lama harsatna a lantir chhunzawm zel chuan ngaihven rawh.
- Rinhlelhna i neih chuan i fa zirtirtu leh chhungkaw doctor nen inbia hmasa phawt ang che. Kawng dik an kawhhmuh thei ang che.
- Diagnose dik tak, enkawlna dik tak, leh i puihna chuan heng naupangte hian harsatna eng pawh an hneh thei a ni. I hmangaihna leh i fuihna hi an tan chuan hlu tak a ni.
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