Diabetes i neih chuan i enkawl tur zat i hre chiang hle. Thisen sugar level control te, ei leh in enkawl dan te, exercise lak te hi thil tam tak a awm a. Heng zawng zawng karah hian a chang chuan kan mit hi kan theihnghilh thei a ni. Mahse zunthlum avanga harsatna lian tham lo thleng thei pakhat chu mit hmuh lohna hi a ni. Chung zingah chuan natna langsar ber leh mit tichhe thei ber chu Diabetic Macular Edema, a tawi zawngin DME a ni. He hming hriat hi a hlauhawm deuh thei. Mahse, lungngai suh. Hemi chungchang hi uluk taka hriattir i nih a, a hun taka enkawl i nih chuan i mit hlu tak chu i humhim thei ang.
A awlsam zawngin, Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) hi eng nge ni?
Awle, hetiang hian han sawi ila. I mit hnung lamah chuan camera-a film ang maia che thei hmun sensitive tak a awm a. Retina kan ti a . Kan hmuh thin thlalak te hi he retina ah hian record a ni. Zunthlum i vei hian, a bik takin i thisen sugar level rei tak a control loh chuan i mit chhunga thisen kalna kawng te te te chu a chhe tan thin. Tui pipe hlui ang maiin heng thisen kalna kawngte hi a chak lo a, thisen leh tui a chhuah tan thin. Hetiang dinhmun hi Diabetic Retinopathy kan ti a .
Tunah chuan he leaking fluid hi retina-ah a lo awm khawm chuan a lo hring tan ta a ni. Retina-ah hian chiang taka kan hmuh theihna tura min puitu hmun pawimawh tak, a lai takah, macula an tih chu a awm a. Chu tui leak chu macula-ah a lo pungkhawm a, a lo hring chhuak a nih chuan chu chu Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) kan tih chu a ni. Macula a lo hring hian kan mit hmuhna fiah tak leh chiang tak chu a nghawng nghal vek a ni.
Hetiang symptoms hi i nei em?
DME chungchanga harsatna pakhat chu a tir lamah chuan a chang chuan symptom a lang lo. Mahse, a dinhmun a lo zual zel chuan hetiang hi i hmu mai thei:
- Blurred vision: Lehkhabu chhiar emaw, TV en emaw, mi hmel en emaw hian thlalak lairil chu a fiah lo va, a chiang lo hle.
- Thlalak chu a inzawm emaw, a hrual emaw angin a lang: Line dinglam pawh hi wave angin a inzar pharh thei a ni.
- Faded colors: Color te hian a eng leh a chiang lo hle niin a lang a, "washed out" angin a lang.
Heng symptoms te hi i neih chuan tihkhawtlai suh . A rang thei ang bera Doctor hmu rawh. Diabetes i neih chuan kum khatah vawi khat tal mit enfiah a pawimawh , symptoms i neih loh pawhin.
Engtin nge doctor hian DME hi a hriat theih ang?
Doctor i pan hunah zawhna tlem a zawt hmasa ang che a, chumi hnuah mit a enfiah leh ang.
Doctor hnena zawhna zawh tur
- Tun hnaiah i mit hmuh danah inthlak danglamna i hmu em?
- Eng chen nge zunthlum i vei tih hmuhchhuah a nih tawh? I chhungkuaa tu emaw hian an nei em?
- I thisen sugar leh A1c level hi engtin nge a awm?
- Thisen sang i nei em, cholesterol sang i nei em?
- Damdawi lam thil dang a awm em?
Chumi hnuah chuan heng test te hi mit enfiahnaah tih a ni ber.
| Test neihna tur hming | A awlsam zawngin, hei hi engtin nge i tih? |
|---|---|
| Visual Acuity Test neih a ni | Hei hi kan hriat vek reading vision test a ni. Hmun hlat zawng hrang hranga i hmuh theih dan a teh a ni. |
| Mit Dilated Exam a ni | Doctor chuan i mit chhungah drop a dah ang a, chu chuan i mit a black hole chu a ti lian ang. Tichuan, hmanraw bik hmangin i mit chhung lam an en ang a, i mit (retina) dinhmun te, thisen kalna kawng atanga tui chhuak a awm leh awm loh te, leh a hring (swelling) a awm leh awm loh te an enfiah ang. |
| Fluorescein Angiogram (FA) hmanga enfiah a ni. | Hei hi test bik a ni. I kut chhunga vein pakhatah special dye inject a ni. Dye hian i mit chhunga thisen kalna kawng a kal lai hian camera bik hmangin thlalak a la thin. Hei hian thisen kalna kawngte chu khawiah nge a leak tih hriat chian a ṭanpui thei a ni. |
| Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) hmanga enfiah a ni. | Hei hi mit chhung lam scan ang mai a ni. Camera bik hmangin retina cross-section thlalak a la a. Hei hian macula-a swelling awm zat leh fluid awm zat chu chiang takin a teh thei a ni. |
Heng test te hi doctor in DME i neih leh neih loh leh a nasat zia a hriat chian ang.
DME enkawlna tur engte nge ni?
Vanneihthlak takin tunah hian DME enkawlna tha tak tak a awm ta. I doctor chuan i dinhmun a zirin enkawlna dik ber a rawn rawt ang che.1. Anti-VEGF Injection hmanga tihdam theih a ni
Hei hi tuna enkawlna awm mek ber leh hlawk ber a ni. VEGF hi kan mit chhunga thisen kalna kawng thar leh chak lo siam tura puitu protein a ni. Heng injection te hian chu VEGF protein chu a block thin. Hei hian thisen kalna kawng thar siam a titawp a, thisen kalna kawng awmsa atanga tui a chhuah loh nan a titawp bawk. Heng injection te hi mit chhungah direct in inject thin a ni. Tlem chuan hlauhawm deuhin a ri thei a, mahse mit a ti na lo va, a ti na lo. Damdawi hman tam berte chu:
- Aflibercept (Eylea) chuan a rawn ti a.
- Bevacizumab (Avastin) te hi a tha hle.
- Ranibizumab (Lucentis) tih hi a awm a.
- Faricimab-svoa (Vabysmo) - Hei hi damdawi thar a ni a, VEGF leh Ang-2 protein pahnih a block vek a ni.
2. Laser hmanga enkawlna (Laser Photocoagulation) hmanga enkawl a ni.
A natna a nasat zawk chuan laser hmangin thisen kalna kawng (leak) te chu "seal" emaw, halral emaw nan an hmang thin. Hei hian a hring (swelling) chu a thunun thei a ni. Enkawlna engemaw zat neih a ngai mai thei.
3. Enkawlna dang
A then phei chuan steroid injection an hmang thin. Tin, mit chhunga tui (vitreous humor) chu thisen a chhuak a, mit a fiah lo a nih chuan surgical procedure vitrectomy tih hmangin tui chu paih chhuakin solution chiang takin thlak a ni bawk.
Mahni inenkawlna atana i tih theih thilte
I doctor-in enkawlna a pek che bakah hian nangmah ngeiin i tih theih tur thil tam tak a awm a. Heng thilte dik taka tih hian natna a zual zel loh nan a pui thei a ni.
- I zunthlum thunun: Hei hi a pawimawh ber a ni. I thisen sugar, thisen sang leh cholesterol level te chu i doctor-in a tih tur a tih angin dah la. Damdawi pek ang chiah chiah ei tur a ni.
- Nun hrisel: Ei leh in inthlau tak ei la, i taksa rihna control la, nitin exercise la. Hemi chungchang hi i doctor nen sawiho la, i tana tha tur ruahmanna siam rawh.
- Mit enfiahna hi skip suh: Thil dik lo a awm lo nia i hriat avangin i mit enfiah tir chu sawn suh. I doctor chuan i enkawlna a tha em tih hriat nan leh harsatna dang i neih leh neih loh enfiah turin a hmu fo ang che.
- I rilru hriselna ngaihtuah rawh: Mit lama harsatna i neih hian lungngaihna leh lungkhamna i neih hi thil pangngai a ni. I rilru put hmang chu i chhungte emaw, i ṭhian rintlak tak emaw, i doctor emaw nên sawipui rawh. A tul chuan mental health counselor hnen atangin tanpuina zawng rawh.
DME hi a hmaa hmuhchhuah a nih a, uluk taka enkawl a nih chuan mit tichhe thei a ni tih hre reng ang che. Chuvangin hlau suh, huaisen takin hmachhawn rawh.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Zunthlum i vei a nih chuan i thisen thlum, thisen sang leh cholesterol level control-a awm reng hi i mit venhimna tha ber a ni.
- Symptoms nei lo mah la, kum khatah vawi khat tal dilated eye exam kimchang tak neih ngei ngei tur a ni.
- Mit hmuh fiah lo, thlalak dik lo, rawng faded ang chi symptom i neih chuan doctor pan nghal rawh.
- Tunah chuan DME enkawlna tha tak tak (Anti-VEGF injection, laser) a awm ta. Enkawl tan hma chuan mit hmuhna humhalh theihna chance a sang zawk.
- He zinkawngah hian nangmah chauh i ni lo. I doctor, chhungte leh i thiante hnen atangin tanpuina dawng rawh.
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