I rilru a na em? Pus khawlkhawm a awm em? He empyema chungchang hi i zir dawn teh ang!

A chang chuan i thaw lai hian i rilru a inkhar (constricting) ang maiin i inhria em, a nih loh leh i rilru natna nen rei tak chhung khuh i nei em, a nih loh leh thawk la lo ang maiin i inhria em? Chûngte chu khawsik emaw, natna tenau dang emaw chhinchhiahna a ni thei. Mahse ka thianpa, a tlem hle, heng symptoms nei hian kan lungah hian natna khirh tak a lo awm thei. Chuvangin, vawiin a kan sawi tur dinhmun hi Empyema tih a ni.

Empyema chu eng nge ni? A awlsam zawngin i hrethiam ang u!

A awlsam zawngin, empyema chu i lung chhehvel pleural space-a pus awmkhawm a ni. Tunah chuan he pleural space hi eng nge ni tih i ngaihtuah mai thei. I lung chu balloon pahnih angin ngaihtuah rawh. Heng balloon pahnih hi bawm ang maia khuh te tak te chhungah an awm a. Lung leh pawn lama khuhna inkar hmun tlemte tak chu pleural space an ti a. A tlangpuiin chutah chuan tui tlemte chauh a awm a, chu chuan i thawk laiin lungte chu inhnim hrual lovin awlsam takin a tlan kual thei a ni.

Chuvangin, he pleural space-ah hian pus a awm khawm chuan empyema kan ti thin. `Pus` kan tih hian i hria em, kan taksa khawi emaw laiah hliam kan neih chuan zung a lo ni a, tui thuk tak, a sen, a var, a chang chuan a sen, a sen emaw a lo chhuak thin a ni lawm ni? Chu chu hei hi a ni. He thil pus an tih hian thisen var , tissue thi, leh natna hrik thlentu bacteria ang chi thil a keng tel a ni. He pus hi kan taksain infection a do hian a lo chhuak thin.

A pawimawh ber chu he empyema natna hi uluk leh rang taka enkawl a nih loh chuan zawi zawiin a zual zel thei a, a chang chuan nunna atana hlauhawm pawh a ni thei. Chuvang chuan hei hi kan hriat chian a pawimawh hle a ni.

Hei hi hming dangin an vuah a, a chang chuan doctor-te chuan `pyothorax` emaw `purulent pleuritis` emaw an ti bawk. Mahse a tam zawkah chuan empyema tih hming hi hman a ni.

Empyema hi COPD a ni em?

Hei hi mi tam takin an zawh thin a ni. Ni lo, empyema hi COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) tih natna a ni lo. COPD hi a tlangpuiin lung natna chi hrang hrang, chronic bronchitis ( chronic inflammation of the airways) leh emphysema (lungs chhunga air sacs tihchhiat) te a huam a ni.

Mahse, thil hriat tur a awm. COPD vei chu mi hrisel aiin empyema ang chi natna kai theihna a sang zawk. Chumi awmzia chu COPD vei te hian he thil hi a bik takin an fimkhur a ngai tihna a ni.

Tute nge empyema vei tam ber?

Tu pawhin empyema an nei thei. Mahse, mi thenkhat chu an hlauhawmna a sang zawk. Tute nge an nih hi han thlir ila:

• Pneumonia i nei tawh bawk.Pneumonia i vei tawh emaw, i vei mek emaw a nih chuan.
• Kum 70 aia upa i nih chuan. I upat deuh deuh chuan i taksain a taksa a venghimna a tlahniam a, chuvangin heng natna chi hrang hrangte hi i kai tam zawk a ni.
• Tun hnaia i rilru surgery i neih chuan thinlung surgery emaw, lung surgery emaw pawh nise.
• Diabetes i neih chuan . Diabetes hian immune system a tichak lo thei bawk.
• A hmaa kan sawi tawh ang khan COPD i neih chuan.
• Bronchiectasis i neih chuan, chu chu lung chhunga thawkna kawngte chu a zau reng a, an bangte chu a chak lo va, a chhe vek a ni. Hei hian mucus leh thil dangte a lo pungkhawm a, natna hrik a thlen awlsam phah a ni.
• Thisen zam i neih chuan, a bik takin lungah.
• Mi thenkhat chuan vein (IV drug use) ah ruihhlo an inject thin. Heng mite hi an hlauhawmna a sang zawk bawk a, a chhan chu natna hrik te chu needle bawlhhlawh hmangin taksaah an lut thei a ni.

Empyema hi engtiang chiahin nge a awm?

Dik tak chuan empyema hi a awm lo hle. Chu chu natna lo awm fo thin a ni lo tihna a ni. Entirnan, United States ang ramah chuan kum khatah mi 32,000 vel chauh empyema vei an awm thin. Chutiang chuan a awm lo tihna a ni. Mahse a awm fo lo nachungin a lo awm a nih chuan ngaih pawimawh tur condition a ni.

Empyema natna lan chhuah dan chu engte nge ni? Hengte hi fimkhur rawh!

Empyema symptoms hi a chiang lo deuh. Chu chu, heng symptoms te hi natna tlanglawn dang dangah pawh hmuh theih a ni a, chuvangin a chang chuan empyema ah i ngai lo mai thei. Mahse, heng zinga pakhat emaw, a aia tam emaw chu fimkhur rawh:

• Chest na emaw discomfort: He natna hi thawk emaw, khuh emaw hian a zual thei. Mi thenkhat chuan an rilru a ti na hle bawk.
• Khawsik: Taksa chu a lum tih a hriat a, a chang chuan taksa chu a vawt a, a khur bawk.
• Thâwk harsa: Tlemte i chau laiin thawk harsa i ti thei a, a nih loh leh i ding reng lai pawhin thawk harsa i ti thei bawk.
• Khuh: Hei hi khuh hring (dry cough) a ni thei a, a chang chuan phlegm thick, rawng hrang hrang nen a inzawm thei bawk.
• Chau lutuk (`chau`): I chau lutuk a, engmah i ti thei lo a, i muhil reng thei bawk.
• Sawifiah loha taksa rihna tihtlem: Diet leh exercise la lovin i taksa rihna tihtlem mai mai i nih chuan chu pawh chu ngaihven tur chhinchhiahna a ni.
• Mi thenkhat chuan zan lama thawmhnaw an nei thei bawk.

Heng symptoms pakhat emaw pahnih emaw i neih vang mai mai hian empyema hi hlau suh. Mahse an awm reng emaw, an na zual emaw chuan damdawi lam thurawn zawng ngei ang che.

Empyema hi engte nge ni?

A tlangpuiin empyema hi i lung chhunga natna hrik ka sawi tawh ang khan pleural space-ah a darh a nih chuan a lo awm thin. Lung chhung atanga hrik thenkhat tlanchhuak a, lung chhehvel hmuna kal ang maiin han ngaihtuah teh.

Hei hi a chhan ber leh a tam ber chu pneumonia a ni . Pneumonia hi chuap natna, bacteria, virus, fungi atanga lo chhuak a ni. Chuvangin chu infection chu empyema-ah a lo chang fo thin.

Pneumonia bakah hian a chhan awm thei dang engemaw zat a awm a:

• Tuberculosis (TB): Tuberculosis hi bacteria infection a ni a, chu chuan lung a tichhe thei a.
• Lung abscess: Hei hi lung chhunga pus-filled cavity emaw abscess lo awm thin a ni. Hei hi infection vang pawh a ni.
• Chest surgery: A chang chuan operation hnuah infection a lo awm thei a, empyema a thlen thei bawk.
• Chest injuries or trauma: Chest-a vuakna, accident ang chi hian lung emaw pleural space emaw a tichhe thei a, infection a thlen thei bawk.
• A châng chuan, pum chhunga natna (stomach) a natna chu diaphragm kaltlangin pleural space-ah a darh thei bawk. Mahse, hei hi eng emaw chen chu a tlem hle.

Engtiang chiahin nge empyema hi a lo awm rang?

A tlangpuiin bacteria ang chi natna hrik chu i lung chhungah a lut a, empyema-ah a lo chang thei a ni. Chumi awmzia chu pneumonia ang chi thil a lo awm a, a enkawl that loh chuan he natna empyema an tih hi ni rei lo te chhung chauh ni lovin kar tlemte chhungin a lo awm thei tihna a ni.

Empyema hi a kai theih em?

Hei pawh hi zawhna pawimawh tak a ni. Ni lo, empyema hi mi pakhat atanga mi dangah direct-a kai a ni lo. Chu chu, empyema vei bula awm mai mai chuan empyema i nei dawn lo tihna a ni.

Mahse, hei hi hre reng ang che: Empyema thlentu ber chu pneumonia leh TB ang chi natna hrik hi a ni . Heng underlying infection te hi kai theih a ni. Entirnan, Pneumonia vei tu emaw a khuh emaw, a hrual emaw chuan natna hrik chu boruakah a chhuak thei a, mi dangah a darh thei a ni. Chuvangin, empyema thlentu natna hnuaia awm chu kai theih a nih chuan chutiang lam chu i fimkhur a ngai a ni.

Engtin nge Empyema hi hmuhchhuah a nih? Doctor-te hian eng nge an tih?

Empyema symptoms i neih chuan doctor pan ngei ngei tur a ni. Doctor chuan empyema nge thil dang a ni tih chiang takin a hre thei. Hei hi an natna an hriatchhuah dan chu a ni:

1. I medical history chungchang an zawt che: Zawhna tam tak an zawt che a, chu chu eng symptoms nge i neih, eng chen nge i neih tawh, a hmaa natna i nei tawh em tih leh eng damdawi nge i ei tih te.

2. Taksa enfiahna neih a ni:Doctor chuan i rilruah stethoscope a dah ang a, a ngaithla ang a, i rilru a tap ang a, i thawk dan a enfiah ang.

3. Fluid sample lak: Hei hi a pawimawh ber a ni. Pleural space-ah tui (pus) rinhlelhna a awm chuan doctor chuan needle te tak te hmangin tui thenkhat chu la chhuakin lab-ah test turin a thawn ang. Hei hi thoracentesis an ti a . Hei hi numbing damdawi hmanga tih a nih avangin a na vak lo ang.

I doctor chuan empyema i vei nia a rinhlelh chuan test eng emaw zat tih belh leh turin an ti leh ang.

Empyema hriat theihna tur test dang neih belh a ni

• Imaging test hrang hrang:
• Chest X-ray: Hei hian pleural space-ah tui a awm leh awm loh leh engzat nge a awm tih rough idea a pe thei.
• CT scan: Hei hian X-ray aiin thlalak chiang zawk, chipchiar zawk a pe a. Tui awmna hmun leh a zat a tarlang thei a, lungah harsatna dang a awm leh awm loh a entir thei bawk.
• Ultrasound scan: Hei hi pleural space-a tui awm zat enfiah nan pawh hman theih a ni. Hei hian tui sample lak hunah needle dahna tur hmun hriatna kawngah a pui hle (thoracentesis).

Heng thlalak te hnuah hian fluid sample chu test hrang hrang nei turin lab-ah thawn a ni. A chhungah hian pus a awm em tih leh eng ang hrik nge a awm tih te (culture) an zawng thin.

• Thisen test dan: 1.1.
• Thisen test a, natna hrik i neih leh neih loh enfiah thin a ni.
• Thisen var zat (WBC) an enfiah thin. He count hi infection a awm chuan a pung tlangpui.
• Test pakhat C-reactive protein (CRP) tih a ni. Hei hian taksaah natna hrik emaw, inflammation emaw a awm leh awm loh hriat theih nan a pui thei bawk.
• A châng chuan thisenah hrik a awm leh awm loh hriat nân thisen culture pawh tih theih a ni.

Heng test zawng zawng atanga information kan hmuh atang hian doctor chuan empyema i vei leh vei loh leh a dinhmun eng nge a nih tih chiang takin a hre thei ang.

Empyema hi tihdam theih a ni em? Enkawlnate chu engte nge ni?

Ni e, thu lawmawm tak chu empyema hi enkawl theih a ni . Mahse a hmaa hriatchhuah a ngai a, uluk taka enkawl a ngai a ni. Enkawlna hian thil tum lian tak pahnih a nei a, chungte chu:

1. Pleural space atanga pus lakchhuah.

2. Natna thlentu hrik tihhlum tura enkawlna (hei hi antibiotics hmanga tih a ni tlangpui ).

Tunah chuan he pus hi engtin nge kan paih chhuah ang tih i en ang:

• Thoracentesis tih dan tur: 1.1.Empyema hmasa berah emaw, a zung a tlem chuan doctor chuan a rilruah needle leh tube (catheter) te tak te hmangin pleural space-ah a dah thei a, a hring thenkhat chu a chhuah tir thei bawk. A châng chuan, tube te tak te (chest tube emaw drainage tube) chu ni engemaw zat a hmunah dahin, chu chu a chhuah chhunzawm theih nan.
• Fibrinolytic therapy: A chang chuan zun hi a thim hle thei a, a clot thei bawk. Tichuan tube kaltlangin awlsam takin a chhuak lo. Chutiang hunah chuan doctor chuan chest tube hmangin pleural space-ah damdawi a inject thei a ni. He damdawi hian a hnah (thick pus) thenkhat chu a tithianghlim a ni. Tichuan awlsam taka lakchhuah theih a ni.
• Inzai:

Empyema a nasat chuan, a zung chu hmun tam takah a darh a nih chuan, fibrous tissue a siam a nih chuan, emaw, enkawlna dangin a puih loh chuan i doctor chuan operation a tih a ngai mai thei. Surgery hi chi hrang hrang a awm a:

• Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery (VATS): Hei hian rilruah incision te te engemaw zat siam a, camera leh instrument bik dah a, pleural space tihfai a, pus leh thickened membrane te paih chhuah a ni. Hei hi incision tlemte hmanga tih a ni a, chu chuan a dam thuai thei a ni.
• Thoracotomy leh Decortication: A natna hi a na lutuk a, VATS hmanga enkawl theih a ni lo a nih chuan thoracotomy (rilru hawn) tih theih a ni. Hei hian doctor chuan lung chu direct-in a en thei a, membrane thickened, constricting (decortication an tih) leh pus awm zawng zawng chu a paih chhuak thei a ni.

I doctor chuan i empyema nasat dan leh i hriselna tlangpui ang chi thil tam tak a ngaihtuah hnuah eng damdawi nge i tana tha ber tih a rel ang.

Empyema damdawi hi engte nge ni?

Infection control leh tihbo nan i doctor chuan antibiotics a pe ang che . Chungte chu thisenah (IV) pek theih a ni a, pill emaw capsule emaw angin pek theih a ni bawk. IV pek hmasak a ni thei a, chumi hnuah damdawi ei lamah an thlak leh thei bawk.

Antibiotics hman tlanglawn tak tak thenkhat chu:

• `Amoxicillin-clavulanate` tih a ni
• `Piperacillin-tazobactam` tih a ni
• `Imipenem` tih a ni
• `Meropenem` tih a ni
• A chang chuan damdawi `Clindamycin` emaw `Metronidazole` emaw te pawh a tel thei bawk.

Hengte hi entirnan chauh a ni. I doctor chuan nangmah leh i natna kaihhnawih atana tha tur antibiotic leh a dose a ruat ang. Damdawi lam thurawn tel lovin antibiotic i duh apiang ei ngai suh.

Engtiang chiahin nge enkawl hnuah ka dam leh thuai ang?

Hei pawh hi mi tin a inang lo thei a ni.

• Antibiotics hi kar hnih atanga kar ruk chhung ei a ngai tlangpui a, a chang chuan a rei zawk.A pawimawh ber chu i doctor-in a pek hun chhung zawng zawng chu damdawi hi ei tur a ni a, tlem chuan i rilru a hahdam deuh a nih pawhin i ei tur a ni. Chutiang a nih loh chuan natna chu a bo vek lo thei a, a lo let leh thei a, enkawl a harsat phah thei a, damdawi an pek che pawhin a thawk lo thei bawk.
• Thoracentesis ( needle hmanga pus lakchhuah) hnuah chuan needle dahna hmunah ni engemaw zat emaw kar khat emaw chhung chu harsatna engemaw zat a awm thei. Hemi atan hian doctor chuan painkiller a pe ang che.
• Chest tube i neih chuan , a lak chhuah hma loh chuan harsatna engemaw zat i nei thei.
• Surgery lian tham (VATS emaw Thoracotomy) i neih chuan kar li atanga kar ruk emaw, a aia rei emaw pawh a ngai thei a, chu chu a dam kim thei a, i hnathawh pangngai i tan leh thei bawk. Hemi hun chhung hian doctor-in a tih angin chawlh hahdam leh exercise lak a pawimawh hle.

Engtin nge empyema lo awm tur hi i ven theih ang?

"Tihdam aiin invenna hi a tha zawk." Empyema lo awm tur venna kawng tha ber leh pawimawh ber chu lung natna eng pawh, a bik takin pneumonia, rang tak leh dik taka enkawl hi a ni.

• Pneumonia symptoms (khuh, phlegm, khawsik, rilru na, thawk harsa) i neih chuan ngaihthah suh la, doctor pan nghal la, a tih ang chiah khan damdawi ei tur a ni.
• Meizial i zu a nih chuan bânsan hi i lung hriselna atana ṭha tak a ni.
• Faina tha, kut sil fo leh mipui tamna hmuna fimkhur te pawh a pawimawh hle.
• Mi thenkhat (e.g., tar, natna dang nei) tan chuan pneumonia laka invenna vaccine a awm a. An chanchin hi doctor zawt rawh.

Empyema ka neih chuan eng nge ka beisei theih ang?

Empyema hi natna tlanglawn tak a nih loh dan kan sawi tawh a. In most cases , a hmaa hriat chhuah leh enkawl a nih chuan, chu chu a natna lan chhuah tirh veleh a na zual hmain a dam vek thei tihna a ni.

Mahse, enkawl that loh chuan, emaw, hun rei tak chhunga damdawi lam natna dang (comorbidities) i neih chuan zunthlum, thinlung natna, emaw kal natna emaw i neih chuan empyema vei zinga 5% leh 30% inkarah thihna a thlen thei a ni. Chu chu nunna atana hlauhawm a ni thei tihna a ni.

Empyema hi taksa chak lohna nei (e.g., HIV vei, cancer vei, organ transplant dawngtu)-ah a lo awm a nih chuan thihna rate hi 40% vel a ni thei. Chu chu a hlauhawm hle tihna a ni.

Chuvangin, empyema symptoms i neih chuan a tha ber chu hun khawhral lova doctor pan hi a ni. Doctor-in antibiotics a pek chuan, natna chu a bo vek tawh a, a lo let leh tawh loh nan damdawi ei tur zawng zawng ei ngei ngei tur a ni.

Doctor hnenah eng zawhna nge i zawh tur?

Doctor hmu tura i kal hian i dinhmun chiang taka i hriat theih nan hetiang zawhna hi zawh a tha ang:

• "Doctor, engtin chiah nge empyema ka vei tih i hriat chhuah? Eng test nge a nemnghet?"
• "Empyema ka neih loh chuan eng dinhmun dang nge heng symptoms te hi a thlen theih?"
• "Engtin nge empyema ka neih? A chhan bik a awm em?"
• "Ka empyema hi engtiang chiahin nge a serious? Eng stage-ah nge a awm?"
• "Eng ang inenkawlna nge ka tan i rawt? Chumi atana beisei tur chu eng nge ni?"
• "Heng antibiotics te hi eng chen nge ka ei ang, ni khatah vawi engzat nge ka ei ang, chaw ei hma emaw ei zawhah emaw?"
• "Heng damdawi te hian side effect a nei thei em? A nih chuan engtin nge ka tih ang?"
• "Engtin nge heng antibiotics te hi ka dah ang? (e.g., refrigerator-ah nge room temperature-ah?)".
• "Ka lo haw a, ka rawn inlan a ngai em (`follow-up appointments`)? Engtikah nge chu chu?"
• "Hetih hun chhung hian ei leh in, leh nitin thil tih kawngah fimkhur tur thil bik a awm em?"

Heng zawhnate hi zawh hreh suh. I natna chungchang hriatthiamna tha neih hi dam thuai nan a pawimawh hle.

Empyema leh Pneumonia hi eng nge an danglamna?

Heng pahnih hi lung infection ni mahse, a danglamna tlem a awm.

• Pneumonia chu i lung pakhat emaw, a pahnih emaw, emaw , lung tissue ngeia natna a ni . Bacteria, virus, fungi emaw avanga lo awm thei a ni. Pneumonia i neih chuan infected mucus i khuh mai thei.
• Empyema hi i lung chhehvel pleural space a pus awmkhawm a ni . Pneumonia thlentu bacteria (chu chu pneumonia complication angin) avanga lo awm a ni fo. Empyema i neih chuan i khuh chuan a chhuak lo ang. Pus chu antibiotics hmanga enkawl a ngai dawn a, a nih loh leh doctor chuan needle emaw surgery emaw hmanga a chhuah a ngai dawn a ni.

Empyema leh lung abscess hi eng nge an danglamna?

Heng pahnih ah hian pus a awm khawm a, mahse hmun hnih ah a awm.

• Lung abscess chu lung tissue chhunga tissue thi leh pus awmkhawm dan pangngai lo a ni . He abscess hi hmun khatah a awm a, a inher kual lo.
• Empyema hi lung pawn lama pleural space-a pus awmkhawm a ni. He pus hi hmun khatah a inzawm khawm thei a, pleural space zawng zawngah a darh thei bawk.

Empyema leh Pleural Effusion hi eng nge an danglamna?

Heng pahnih hi a buaithlak thei hle.

• Pleural effusion hi i lung leh pleural space inkar membrane te tak te inkarah extra fluid a ni.A pungkhawm vang a ni. Mi thenkhat chuan hei hi ‘lung chhunga tui’ an ti bawk. He tui hi chhan hrang hrang (lung natna, kal natna, cancer ang chi) avangin a khawlkhawm thei a ni. He fluid hi pus a ni thei a, a ni lo thei bawk.
• Empyema chu a bik takin pleural space-a pus awmkhawmna a ni. Chu chu, pleural effusions zawng zawng hi empyemas an ni vek lo va, empyemas erawh chu pleural effusions, pus (infected) awmna a ni tihna a ni.

Empyema leh Parapneumonic Effusion hi eng nge an danglamna?

Hei hi tlem han sawifiah ila.

• Parapneumonic effusion hi pleural effusion chi khat a ni a. Pneumonia avanga lo awm a ni . Hei hian pneumonia vangin pleural space-ah tui a pung khawm tihna a ni. He fluid hi a tir lamah chuan fluid (pus tel lo) mai a ni thei.
• He parapneumonic effusion hi bacteria in a kai a, a chhungah hian pus a lo awm a nih chuan `Empyema` kan ti a ni. Chu chu parapneumonic effusion chu empyema-ah a lo chang thei tihna a ni.

A tawp berah chuan hriat reng tur pawimawh ber ber (Take-Home Message) .

Chuvangin, ka thianpa, tunah chuan empyema chungchang hi i hrethiam zawk ka beisei. Heng thute hi hre reng ang che:

• Empyema hi i lung chhehvel pleural space-ah pus a awm khawm a, enkawl a ngai a ni.
• Hei hian a tlangpuiin rilru leh thawkna tichhe thei symptoms (ril na, thawk harsa, khawsik, khuh) a thlen thin.
• Hei hi thil awm dan tlangpui ni lo mah se, doctor-in empyema a hmuhchhuah hma chuan i dam kim theihna chance a sang zawk hle.

A pawimawh ber: Enkawl loh a nih chuan, emaw, damdawi dang, zunthlum ang chi i neih chuan empyema hian thihna a thlen thei a ni. Chuvangin, thawk harsatna emaw, rilru natna dang rinhlelh awm tak tak emaw i neih chuan, a pangngai angin ngaihthah suh la, doctor pan nghal ngei ang che.

I doctor chuan empyema emaw thil dang emaw i nei tih a hre thei a, a chhan a hmu thei a, enkawlna tha ber, a remchang ber a pe thei che a ni. Inenkawl hmasak leh doctor thupek zawm hi hrisel taka awm theihna tur kawng tha ber a ni tih hre reng ang che!

` Empyema, pleural space, pus, pneumonia, lung infection, rilru na, thawk harsa