Cell tharte chu taksa hmêlma an lo nih chuan engtin nge ni ang? Transplant hnua Graft vs. Host Disease (GvHD) chungchang sawifiahna awlsam tak

Leukemia ang natna enkawlna atan mi hrisel tak atanga stem cell transplant pek i nih angin han ngaihtuah teh. Hei hian i dinhmun a tidam beisei a ni. Mahse a tlem hle a, heng cell thar i tanpui tura lo kalte hian i taksa chuan "hmêlma" tiin a ngai sual a, nangmah ngeiin i cell te chu a rawn bei tan ta a ni. Chu chu "Graft versus Host Disease" emaw, a tawi zawngin GvHD emaw kan tih dinhmun khirh tak chu a ni.

A awlsam zawngin GvHD chu eng nge ni?

Hei hi hrethiam tur chuan thumal pahnih kan hriat a ngai a ni. "Graft" tih hian thil dang, chu chu pawn lam atanga pek che stem cell hrisel tak takte a kawk a ni. "Host" tih hian host a kawk a, chu chu chutiang cell dawngtu i taksa tihna a ni. Chuvangin "Graft leh Host" tih awmzia chu "graft leh host" tihna a ni.

A tlangpuiin, he stem cell transplant chi, allogeneic transplant an tih hi cancer te, leukemia leh lymphoma te, emaw, bone marrow failure condition aplastic anemia ang chi te enkawlna atan an ti thin. Heng transplanted cells te hi i taksain thisen cell thar siam tirtu an ni.

Mahse, a chang chuan heng cell thar te hian nangmah ngeiin cell te hi an hre lo. Ramdang invader an nih an ring. Chuvangin, i taksa peng hrisel tak tak, i vun, i thin leh i intestines ang chi te chu an rawn bei tan ta a ni. Chu chu GvHD chu a ni.

GvHD hi chi hnih a awm a, chungte chu:

GvHD hi chi hnih ah then theih a ni. Tun hma chuan hei hi natna lan chhuah hun azirin an then thin a. Mahse tunah chuan doctor-te chuan natna lan chhuah dan te, test result te, leh natna lan chhuah hun te enin a chi dik tak chu an hre chhuak ta a ni.

• Acute GvHD (aGvHD): Hei hi a tlangpuiin transplant hnu ni 100 hmasa berah a thleng thin. Mahse a chang chuan a hnuah a thleng thei. Hetiang chi hian i vun, gastrointestinal system (intestines), leh liver a nghawng ber a ni.
• Chronic GvHD (cGvHD): Hetiang chi hi transplant hnuah engtik lai pawhin a awm thei a, mahse kum hnih hmasa berah a awm tam ber . Taksa peng eng pawh a nghawng thei a, vun, ka, thin, lung, ril, ruh, ruh leh serh te a nghawng thei a ni.

Transplant nei tawh chuan heng chi hnih zinga pakhat, a pahnih hian a nei thei a, a nih loh leh pakhat mah tel lovin an hrisel thei bawk.

GvHD natna lan chhuahna chu engte nge ni?

GvHD symptoms hi a na lo hle a, a hniam lam thlengin, a nasat thlengin, nunna atana hlauhawm tak thlengin a awm thei. Heng chi hnih nena inzawm symptoms te hi han thlir ila.

Engvangin nge he GvHD hi a lo awm?

Hei hi scientific deuh a ni a, mahse awlsam takin ka sawifiah ang.

A tlangpuiin kan taksa hriselna (immune system) cell-te hian ramdang mi rawn lut, virus leh bacteria te chu doin natna lakah min venghim thin. Mahse, chu cell-te chuan kan cell ngei chu an bei ngai lo. A chhan chu kan cell zawng zawng chung lamah protein bik a awm vang a ni. Hei hi Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA) an ti a.

Twins inang tih loh chu mi zawng zawng HLA hi a danglam vek.

Stem cell transplant i neih chuan chu cell atanga thisen cell thar siam chuan chu cell petu che HLA chu a nei a ni. Chu HLA chu i HLA nen a danglam lutuk a nih chuan, chu cell tharte chuan i taksa chhunga cell awmte chu an en a, "Hei hi invader a ni a, a ID hi kan ID nen a inmil lo," tiin an ngaihtuah thin. Chutah chuan chu cell te chuan i taksa chu an rawn bei tan ta a ni.

Hemi avang hian doctor-te chuan donor leh recipient-te HLA chu uluk takin an enfiah a, transplant an tih hmain an inhnaih thei ang bera an awm leh awm loh an enfiah thin. Mahse cell hi twin atanga lak a nih loh chuan GvHD hlauhawmna engemaw zat a awm fo thin.

Tute nge GvHD vei theihna chance sang zawk?

Risk factor pawimawh ber chu HLA incompatibility a ni a, mahse thil dang engemaw zat pawhin hmun an chang thei bawk.

Tin, Acute GvHD (aGvHD) i neih tawh chuan Chronic GvHD (cGvHD) i vei theihna a sang zawk bawk.

Engtin nge he natna hi hriatchhuah leh enkawl a nih?

Diagnosis tih a ni

I doctor chuan GvHD hi taksa enfiahna hmangin, i natna lan chhuah dante enin, thisen test leh biopsy hmangin a hmuchhuak ang. Biopsy-ah chuan vun te tak te emaw, a nghawng tissue emaw lak a, microscope hmanga enfiah a ni. Chronic GvHD symptom thenkhat hi condition dang nen a inang avangin i doctor chuan GvHD a hmuhchhuah hmain condition dang a paih chhuak ang.

Tihdamna

Transplant hnua GvHD ven nan hian immunosuppressive damdawi pek i ni ang a, chu chuan i immune system a titawp ang. Heng damdawi te hian foreign cells ten i taksa an beih theihna a tihtlem avangin hna an thawk a ni.

• Acute GvHD (aGvHD) tan chuan: A tam zawkah chuan corticosteroid hi pill, injection emaw, vunah cream hnawih angin emaw pek thin a ni. Hengte hian natna a thunun loh chuan damdawi dang Ruxolitinib (Jakafi®) emaw clinical trial emaw ngaihtuah theih a ni.
• Chronic GvHD (cGvHD) tan chuan: Hei atan hian hun rei tak chhunga immunosuppressive damdawi pek thin a ni bawk. Hengte hian a natna hi a thunun loh chuan damdawi Ruxolitinib (Jakafi®), Belumosudil (RezurockTM), Ibrutinib (Imbruvica®) emaw, photopheresis ang chi specialized treatment emaw a ngai thei a ni.

Enkawlna avanga side effects awm thei

Heng enkawlnate hian i immune system a titawp a, chu chuan i taksain natna a do theihna a ti tlem a ni. Hei hian fungal, bacteria leh viral infection i vei theihna a tipung a ni. I doctor chuan heng nunna atana hlauhawm thei natna hrik te hi venna atana pui turin damdawi a pe bawk ang.

GvHD avanga thil thleng thei dang

GvHD hian nunna a tichhe thei em?

Ni e, GvHD hi nunna atana hlauhawm tak a ni thei. A bik takin chronic GvHD hi stem cell transplant hnua thihna thlentu lian ber a ni a, primary disease tih loh chu a ni. Chuvangin eng enkawlna pawh i neih hmain i doctor nen a hlauhawm dan sawiho hmasak a pawimawh hle.

GvHD hian hlawkna a awm em?

Mak tak maiin, a ni. GvHD hian hlawkna engemaw zat a nei a. Heng i cell hriselte beitu immune cell tharte hian i taksaa cancer cell awm thei zawng zawng chu an zawng chhuak a, an tichhe vek bawk. Hei hi "graft-versus-tumor effect" an ti a. Chuvangin, zirchianna atanga a lan dan chuan GvHD nei damlote chu an cancer lo let leh theihna a tlem zawk a ni.

I himna atana i tih theih thilte

I doctor chuan transplant hnua i in enkawl dan tur a hrilhfiah ang che. A bik takin GvHD vei hlauhawm i nih chuan heng thilte hi fimkhur hle ang che.

• Ni laka inveng rawh: Ni chhuahna hian GvHD a ti na zual thei. Chuvangin pawn chhuah dawnin kawr kawr sei leh pants sei ha thin ang che. Sunscreen SPF 50 tal hmang rawh.
• Oral hygiene: I ha uluk takin silfai la, chu chuan ha natna hlauhawmna a ti tlem ang.
• Chaw leh In: Ka hmui natna thlen thei ei tur spicy, oil leh ei tur ei loh tur.
• Natna hrik laka inveng rawh: I immune system a chak loh avangin natna darh zauna hmun leh mipui tamna hmunte chu pumpelh rawh. I kut chu vawng fai fo ang che.

Engtikah nge Doctor ka hmuh ang?

I taksaa danglamna i hmuh chuan doctor hriattir nghal a pawimawh a, a bik takin natna hrik kai emaw, khawsik 38 degree Celsius (100.4 Fahrenheit) aia sang emaw i hmuh chuan i doctor hriattir nghal a pawimawh. Immune system titawp thei damdawi i ei hian infection hi a na zual nghal vat thei.

I doctor chuan i transplant hnuah GvHD ang chi complication awm leh awm loh a en reng ang che. Symptoms a lo awm chuan i damdawi an thlak ang emaw, a thar an pe ang che. Damdawi pek zawng zawng hi a tih ang anga ei a, doctor thupek zawm a pawimawh hle.