Hmun hla vak lo i kal lai emaw, stairs i chhoh lai emaw hian thawk harsa i ti ngai em, i rilruah natna tlem i nei ngai em? A nih loh leh, chhan awm lovin i thinlung chu a na zual deuh niin i hria em? Chûngte chu thil pangngaiah kan ngai a, mahse a châng chuan hengte hi kan thinlungin min pêk signal tê tê a ni thei bawk. Vawiinah hian hetiang thinlung kaihhnawih natna, mi tam takin an hriat loh, mahse hriat a pawimawh em em chu kan sawi dawn a ni. Chu chu Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, a tawi zawngin (HCM) a ni.
A awlsam zawngin, Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) hi eng nge ni?
He hming hi a buaithlak deuhin a lang thei. I tan kan then darh ang u. "Hypertrophic" tih thumal hian "a tlangpui aia lian" tihna a ni. "Cardiomyopathy" tih hi heart muscle, a nih loh leh heart muscle tichhe thei natna chi khat a ni. Heng pahnih hi i inzawm khawm chuan Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) tih awmzia chu i thinlung ruh (heart muscle) chu a tlangpui aia thim zawk tihna a ni .
I in bang chu a thim zual zel niin han ngaihtuah teh. Chu chu in chhungah hmun a tlem tihna a ni lawm ni? Chutiang bawk chu thinlungah pawh a thleng thin. Heart muscle a thim deuh deuh chuan thisenin thinlung a luah khatna tur hmun a tlem ta hle a ni. Hei hian taksain thisen a mamawh zat chu thinlung tan a pump harsa zawk a ni.
He thickening hi thinlung hmun eng pawhah awm thei mahse, thinlung lai tak bang a nghawng tam ber. Damdawi lamah chuan hei hi septum an ti a. He bang hi a thim chuan thinlung pumpui pumping chamber, left ventricle atanga thisen kalna tur a tikhawlo thei a, chu chu aorta, thisen kalna kawng lian ber, taksaa thisen phurtu a ni.
Hetiang dinhmun hi dam chhung zawng a ni. Hun kal zelah a na zual deuh thei. Mahse a tha ber chu a hmaa hriat chhuah a nih a, uluk taka enkawl a nih chuan, harsatna awmte chu a tam zawkah chuan ven theih a ni .
HCM hi chi hnih a awm a, chungte chu:
He dinhmun hi thisen kal dan tur tikhawtlai a awm leh awm loh a zirin chi hnih ah then theih a ni.
| HCM chi hrang hrang | A awlsam zawngin sawifiah a ni |
|---|---|
| HCM tibuaitu | Hetah hian thinlung bang (septum) lai tak chu a awm a .Thickening hian left ventricle atanga thisen pump chhuahna kawng a tikhawlo a ni . HCM vei hmun thuma ṭhena hmun hnih vel chuan hetiang chi hi an nei a ni. |
| HCM tihbuai loh (Nonobstructive HCM) tih a ni. | Hetah hian hmun dangah (entir nan, thinlung hnuai lam) thinlung ruh chu a thim a. Mahse, he thickening hian thisen kal chu direct-in a tikhawlo lo. |
HCM vei mi pakhatin eng symptom nge a neih theih ang?
Hei hi a pawimawh ber a ni. Mi thenkhat chu kum tam tak chhung chu symptom nei lovin an kal thei. Mahse mi dangte chuan symptom engemaw zat an nei thei. Hengte chungchangah pawh hian ngaihtuahna i neih a pawimawh hle.
- Chest pain: A bik takin exercise emaw exertion emaw laiin rilru a tight emaw, na emaw a awm thin.
- Luak chhuak leh muhil: Ding chhuak thut emaw, exercise i tih lai emawa luak chhuak tih hriatna, a chang chuan hriatna hloh a thlen thin.
- Thâwk hahna: Thâwk harsa , hna tlem thawh hnu emaw, hla vak lo kea kal emaw pawh ni se.
- Palpitations: Thinlung na tak leh rilru a na lutuk tih hriatna.
- Swelling (Edema): Ke, ke ruh emaw, kawr emaw a vein a hring.
A pawimawh ber chu heng symptoms engemaw zat hi i nei thei a ni. A nih loh leh i nei lo mai thei bawk. Amaherawhchu, heng symptoms te hi i neih chuan doctor pan vat a pawimawh a, ngaihthah lova thurawn lak a pawimawh.
Engvangin nge hetiang dinhmun hi a lo awm?
Mi tam takin zawhna an zawh chu, "Engvangin nge hetiang hi ka chungah a lo thlen?" HCM hi a chhan lian ber pahnih a awm a.
1. Genetic Cause: HCM vei mi 5 zinga 3 velin he natna hi an nei a, hei hi an genes inthlak danglam vang a ni. A awlsam zawngin, rochun aṭanga lo chhuak a ni . Heart muscle thanna tur control tu genes a chhiatna avanga lo awm a ni. Autosomal dominant takin a inherit a ni. Hei hian a awmzia chu nu leh pa pakhatin gene chhia an neih chuan an fain a rochun theihna chance 50% a awm tihna a ni. Amaherawhchu, chhungkaw khat chhungah pawh natna nasat dan a inang lo thei. Mi thenkhat chuan gene nei mahse natna hi an nei lo mai thei.
2. A chhan hmuh tur a awm lo: HCM vei mi 5 zinga 2-ah hian a chhan bik hmuh tur a awm lo. Hei hian genetic influence a awm lo tihna a ni. Hemi hi zirchiangtute chuan an la zirchiang mek a ni.
He natna hi kum eng pawhah awm thei mahse, kum 40 vel a ni tlangpui.
HCM vang hian eng harsatna nge thleng thei?
Hei hi hlauhawm tak angin a lang thei a, mahse hriat reng a pawimawh. Enkawl loh chuan HCM hian harsatna a thlen thei a ni. Mahse, HCM vei tam zawk hian harsatna lian tham an nei lo tih hre reng ang che.
| Complication awm thei | Eng thil nge thleng? |
|---|---|
| Atrial fibrillation (Afib) a awm thei lo. | Thinlung chunglam chamber te chu a thawk mumal lo va, rang takin a thawk a. Hei hian thisen zam leh stroke ang chi dinhmun a thlen thei a ni. |
| Congestive heart failure a awm thin | He heart muscle thicked hian taksa mamawh phuhruk turin thisen a pump thei lo. |
| Endocarditis natna hrik kai thei | Thinlung chhungril lining emaw valve emaw a bacteria infection a awm. |
| Lung natna pangngai lo (Ventricular arrhythmias) . | Lungphun mumal lo, nunna atana hlauhawm thei, thinlung hnuai lam chamber atanga lo chhuak. |
| Cardiac arrest a awm nghal | Hei hi a tlem hle a, mahse harsatna lian tak a awm thei a ni. |
Heng thilte hi hlau suh. Heng thil laka inven nan hian damdawi lam inenkawlna neih fo a ngai a ni. A bik takin i chhungkuaa mi pakhatin HCM a vei a nih chuan, emaw, mi pakhatin heart attack nghal vanga thi a nih chuan, nangmah ngeiin i check a pawimawh hle.
He natna hi Doctor ten engtin nge an hriat chian?
Doctor hmu tura i kal chuan he natna hi i vei em tih hriat nan step engemaw zat a zawm ang.
- Medical history: A hmasa berin i symptoms te, i chhungkuaa tu emaw chuan thinlung natna an nei em tih emaw, tu emaw chu a thi thut em tih te zawt che a ni ang.
- Taksa endikna: Doctor chuan i thinlung leh lungte chu stethoscope hmangin a ngaithla ang. Obstructive HCM i neih chuan thinlung mur ri i hre fo thin.
- Test bik: 1.1.
- ECG (Electrocardiogram): Hei hi test hmasa ber a ni. He test hian thinlung electrical activity a record a, HCM vei tam takah thil dik lo a hmuchhuak thei a ni.
- Echocardiogram (Echo): Hei hi HCM hriat theihna atana test pawimawh ber leh chiang ber a ni. Nausen scan ang mai a ni. Lung ruh thik zia te, thinlung hnathawh dan te, thisen a pump dan te chiang takin a hmu thei a ni.
Heng test lian ber berte bakah hian doctor chuan a tul chuan test dang neih belh a rawt thei bawk.
- Thisen test a ni
- Cardiac catheter hmanga tih a ni
- Cardiac MRI scan hmanga tihchhuah a ni
- Darkar 24 emaw a aia rei emaw chhung heart rate enfiahna ``Holter monitor'' test
- Exercise stress echo test neih a ni
- Genetic testing neih a ni
HCM enkawlna tur engte nge ni?
HCM i vei tih hmuhchhuah a nih hnuah i cardiologist chuan i tan enkawlna tha ber tur a ruat ang. Enkawlna tum ber chu symptoms control leh complication awm theihna tihtlem a ni.
1. Nunphung thlak danglam leh enkawl dan
I natna lan chhuahna i neih loh a, harsatna i neih theihna a tlem a nih chuan i doctor chuan i dinhmun chu a enfiah fo ang che a, thinlung hrisel nunphung hmang turin a fuih thei che a ni.
- Meizial zuk loh vek tur a ni.
- Lung hrisel chaw (chi leh hriak tlem) ei.
- Mut tam tawk neih.
- Doctor-in a tih angin exercise nêm leh mumal tak neih (exercise chak tak hi a dik lo mai thei).
- Rihna hrisel tak vawn reng.
- Damdawi dang, thisen sang leh zunthlum te control tha.
2. Damdawi chi hrang hrang
Damdawi chi hrang hrang hmangin symptoms control nan an hmang thin.
- Beta-blockers: Heart rate a ti hniam a, heart pressure a tihziaawm bawk.
- Calcium channel blockers: Heart muscle a ti hahdam a, thisen kal a ti awlsam bawk.
- Diuretics: 1.1.Taksa atanga tui tam lutuk a paih chhuak a, thawk hah ang chi symptoms te a ti tlem bawk.
Tun hnaiah damdawi thar `(mavacamten)` tih a rawn chhuak a. Hei hi HCM thlentu bulpui ber target tu damdawi hmasa ber a ni.
3. Thiltih dan leh Surgery bik
Damdawi hmanga thunun theih loh dinhmun, a bik takin obstructive HCM, leh harsatna awm lo tur venna atana enkawlna bik a awm bawk.
| Enkawl dan tur | Eng nge tih a nih |
|---|---|
| Septal myectomy tih a ni | Hei hi open-heart surgery a ni. Hetianga tihnaah hian surgeon chuan thisen kalna tur tikhawlotu thinlung bang (septum) thickened section te tak te chu a la chhuak thin. |
| Zu in septal ablation tih a ni | Hei hi damlo zai theih loh tan tih a ni. Catheter hmangin zu tlemte chu thisen kalna kawng te tak teah an inject a, chu chuan heart muscle thicked takah thisen a pe a ni. Hei hian tissue thickened chu a tichhia a, a ti tlem a ni. |
| ICD hmanrua (Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator) hmanga siam a ni. | Hei hi damlote tan hman a ni a, chu chu sudden cardiac arrest hlauhawm tak a ni. Thil te tak te, vun hnuaia dah thin. Thinlung tana mimal humhimtu ang mai a ni. Nunna atana hlauhawm thei heartbeat mumal lo a awm meuh chuan he device hian electric shock a pe chhuak a, chu chuan heart chu a normal angin a siam leh thin. |
HCM nena kan awm hian eng nge beisei tur?
HCM i nei tih an hrilh chu hlauh a ngai lo. Mi tam zawk chuan enkawl dan leh enkawl dan mumal tak nen nun pangngai an hmang thei a ni. Tun hma chuan he natna avanga thihna hi a sang hle laiin, tunlai hian enkawlna hmasawn tak avangin chu hlauhawmna chu a hniam hle a, 0.5%-ah a tlahniam ta a ni.
I tana pawimawh ber chu i cardiologist nen inbiak reng hi a ni. Checkup neih fo la, i damdawi ei la, a rawtna angin i nunphung chu vawng reng rawh.
Mahse, hriat tur pakhat a awm. Undiagnosed HCM hi kum 35 hnuai lam infiammi zingah sudden cardiac death thlentu lian ber a ni a, chuvang chuan chhungkaw history i neih chuan infiamna i khelh tan hmain test neih a pawimawh em em a ni.
He natna hi ven theih a ni em?
HCM hi genetic factors avanga lo awm fo a nih avangin a lo awm lohna tur kawng a awm lo. Mahse kan tih theih tha ber chu harsatna awm lo tur ven hi a ni . Chutianga tih theih dan tha ber chu screening test neih a, natna hriat hmasak hi a ni.
I chhungkuaa mi (nu, pa, unau, fate) hian HCM an nei a nih chuan test i neih ngei ngei tur a ni.
A hmasa berin ECG leh Echocardiogram i nei ang. Chu test te chu a pangngai a nih pawhin kum 3 danah kum 30 i tlin thlengin check tir leh a, chumi hnuah kum 5 danah enfiah thin a tha.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- HCM hi heart muscle chu a pangngai aia a thim a, heart-in thisen pump a harsat phah a ni.
- Hei hi chhungkaw hrang hranga kal thin genetic condition a ni fo thin . I chhungkuaa mi tu emaw chuan a nei a nih chuan test neih a pawimawh.
- Mi tam tak chuan symptoms an nei lo mai thei . Thâwk harsa, rilru na, emaw, muhil emaw ang chi symptom i neih chuan doctor thurawn la nghal rawh.
- Natna hriat theihna atana test ber chu Echocardiogram (Echo) a ni.
- Enkawlna dik, damdawi, leh nunphung tihdanglam a nih chuan HCM vei tam zawk chuan nun pangngai, hrisel takin an nung thei a ni . Hlauthawng a ngai lo, i tih tur awm chhun chu fimkhur a, uluk taka enkawl a ni.
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