I taksa hian oxygen a tlachham em? Hypoxia chungchang hi i zir dawn teh ang.

A châng chuan thawk hah, luak chhuak, a nih loh leh ngaihtuahna buai i nei ṭhîn em? Chûngte chu hypoxia vang a ni thei a, chu chu i taksa tissue-in oxygen a hmuh tlem vang a ni. Hei hi a pawi deuh thei a nih avangin, awlsam leh hriatthiam awlsam takin i sawi dawn nia. Hlauthawng suh, a pawimawh ber chu fimkhur hi a ni.

Hypoxia chu eng nge ni? A awlsam zawngin...

Okay, hypoxia hi eng nge a nih i hrethiam hmasa phawt ang u. A awlsam zawngin i taksa tissue-in oxygen a hmuh tlem lai a ni. Kan thawk chhuah hian oxygen chu lung chhungah a lut a. Chuta tang chuan lung chhunga boruak bawm te tak te (alveoli an tih) kaltlangin thisenah a lut a, a bula thisen kalna kawng te tak te (capillaries an tih) ah te a lut bawk. He oxygen tamna thisen hian taksa pum puiah a fang kual a, tissue dangte hnenah oxygen a thlen a ni.

Oxygen hi airport (i.e., i lung)-a passenger tluklehdingawn khat lo thleng angin i ngaihtuah thei ang. Chuta tang chuan an la a, kawngpui lian (i.e., i thisen kalna) hmangin an kalna tur hmun (i.e., i taksa tissue) thlengin an phur a ni. Oxygen chu a hmun dik takah a thlen chuan passenger dang , carbon dioxide tan hmun a siamsak a ni. He carbon dioxide hi bawlhhlawh a ni. I lung chhungah a lut leh a, i thawk chhuah dawnin i taksa a chhuahsan thin.

Chuvangin, kawngpuiah khawi emaw laiah oxygen i hmuh tlem chuan hypoxia a awm thei a ni. Hei hian boruak kal dan leh thisen kal dan a mamawh vek a ni . Chuvang chuan lung natna leh thinlung natna nei te hi hypoxia vei theihna chance a sang zawk a ni. Hypoxia vei chu "hypoxic" kan ti bawk.

Hypoxia leh Hypoxemia hi eng nge an danglamna?

Heng thumal pahnih – hypoxia leh hypoxemia – hi inthlak danglamin hman i hre tawh mai thei. Mahse, an inang tak tak lo. A hming hi a inang a, hei hi a buaithlak thei hle a, a chhan chu dinhmun pahnihah hian oxygen tlakchhamna a awm a, mahse taksa hmun hrang hrangah a awm thung.

• Hypoxia chu i taksa tissue-a oxygen tlahniam a ni .
• Hypoxemia chu i thisena oxygen tlahniam a ni .

Hypoxia hi hypoxemia vang a ni fo thin a, mahse chutiang chu a ni ngai lo. Mi chu hypoxemic ni lovin hypoxic a ni thei a, a lehlamah pawh a awm thei bawk. I hrethiam em?

Tute nge hypoxia vei theihna chance sang zawk?

I thisena oxygen awm zat tihtlemtu, emaw, thisen kal dan tikhawtlai thei thil eng pawh hian hypoxia a thlen thei a ni. A bik takin, .

• COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) tih a ni a, a rilru a hah lutuk a, a rilru a buai em em bawk a.
• Emphysema a awm thin
• Asthma natna a ni

Lung emaw lung natna nei te hi hypoxia vei an tam zawk .

Tin, infection thenkhat pneumonia, influenza, leh COVID-19 te hian he hlauhawmna hi a tipung thei bawk.

Hypoxia hian eng nge a nghawng leh a lan chhuah dan?

Kan taksa cell-te chakna siam chhuah nan leh kan taksa peng leh taksa peng hrang hrangte hnathawh that nan oxygen hi a pawimawh hle. Tissue thenkhat chu oxygen level tlahniam rei lo teah an insiamrem thei a, mahse hun rei tak hypoxia hian taksa peng hrang hrang a tichhe thei a ni. A bik takin thluak leh thinlung chhiatna hi a hlauhawm a, thihna hial a thlen thei a ni. Hei hi thluaka oxygen tlakchhamna hi cerebral hypoxia kan ti a ni.

Hypoxia symptoms hi mi hrang hrangah a inang lo thei. A natna nasat dan, a chhan bulpui leh taksa peng engte nge a nghawng danah a innghat a ni. I oxygen level a tlahniam chuan thawk thei lo leh ngaihtuah theih loh ang maiin i inhria mai thei.

Hypoxia natna lan chhuah dan tlangpui thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• A rilru hahdam lo, rilru hahdam lo tak.
• Lu na.
• Rilru buai, ngaihtuahna inrualrem thiam lohna.
• Hlauhna leh lungkhamna awm reng.
• Fast heartbeat (doctor-te chuan hei hi tachycardia an ti).
• Thâwk rang (hei hi tachypnea an ti a).
• Thâwk harsa emaw, thawk harsa emaw (hei hi dyspnea an ti a).

Hypoxia a na zual zel chuan symptom dang a lo lang thei bawk:

• Lung natna (bradycardia) a ti hniam.
• Agitation lutuk.
• Vun, hmui leh kut zungtang (cyanosis an tih) rawng dum (blue discoloration) a awm. Hei hi chhinchhiahna hlauhawm tak a ni.

Pawimawh: Nangmah emaw, i hriat miin emaw heng symptoms te hi an nei a nih chuan doctor lam pan vat a pawimawh hle.

Hypoxia thlentu berte chu engte nge ni?

Hypoxia hi thisen kal dan emaw thawk dan emaw tichhe thei damdawi lam dinhmun hnuaia awm a ni fo thin. Hypoxia thlen thei dinhmun thenkhat chu:

• Anemia - taksaa thisen tlakchhamna.
• Asthma natna a ni.
• Bronchitis - Bronchial tubes atanga natna hrik awm.
• COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) - Hun rei tak chhung lung natna a ni.
• Thinlung chhiatna (congenital heart defects) a awm.
• Lung chak lohna (Congestive heart failure) natna thenkhat.
• Emphysema - lung chhunga air sacs tihchhiat.
• Pneumonia - Bacteria emaw virus emaw avanga lo awm thei a ni.
• Thliin lung chhehvel hmun a luah khat emaw, lung a tlakbuak emaw (Pneumothorax).
• Pulmonary edema a awm thin.
• Pulmonary embolism a awm thin.
• Pulmonary hypertension a awm bawk.
• Pulmonary fibrosis - lung chhunga hliam awm.
• Mut theih lohna (sleep apnea) a awm.

He list hian hlauthawng suh. Heng zinga pakhat nei zawng zawng hian hypoxia an nei vek dawn lo a, mahse a hlauhawmna erawh a awm.

Hypoxia hi chi hrang hrang 4 a awm a, chungte chu:

Kan tissue chhunga cell-te hian oxygen an dawn dik theih nan thil engemaw zat dik a ngai a:

1. Kan thaw thaw ah hian oxygen a awm tawk tur a ni.

2. Kan air sacs (`alveoli`)-a oxygen kan thlen theih nan lung hnathawh hrisel a ngai.

3. Thisen oxygen tamna tissue-a phurh tur chuan thinlung hrisel leh circulatory system i mamawh a ni.

4. Oxygen phur thei tur thisen sen (red blood cells) a awm tawk tur a ni.

5. Tissue chhunga cell awmte hian oxygen hman theihna an neih a ngai.

Heng hmun hrang hranga oxygen tlakchhamna hian hypoxia chi li zinga pakhat a thlen thei a ni.

1. Hypoxemic Hypoxia a awm thei

Hei hi hypoxia chi khat zingah chuan a tam ber a ni . Hei hi thisena oxygen awm zat (hypoxemia an tih) a tlahniam lai a ni. Hetiang dinhmun hi lung leh thinlung natna, pianpui thinlung natna, leh thawk tikhawlo thei damdawi thenkhat avanga lo awm thei a ni. Tin, Nuwara Eliya ang hmun sang takah i kal chuan boruakah oxygen level a hniam a, chu chuan hypoxemia a thlen thei a, chu chuan hypoxia a thlen thei bawk.

2. Circulatory Hypoxia a awm thin

Hei hi stagnant hypoxia emaw ischemic hypoxia emaw an ti bawk. Heta thil thleng hi i thisen hian oxygen a nei tam thei a, mahse i thinlung hian thisen a pump tha lo a nih chuan, emaw, khawi emaw laiah thisen kalna kawng a block a nih chuan chu oxygen chu i tissue-ah a thleng lo. Congestive heart failure leh thisen zam hian he hypoxia chi hi a tipung a ni.

3. Thisen tlakchham (Anemic Hypoxia) a awm

Tunah chuan mi thenkhat chuan thisen sang an nei tih an sawi a ni lawm ni? Chumi awmzia chu thisen sen (red blood cells) an nei tlem hle tihna a ni. Heng thisen sen (red blood cells) te hi lung atanga taksa peng hrang hranga oxygen phurtu an ni. Chuvangin, oxygen phur thei tur thisen sen i neih loh chuan, chu chu thisen tlakchhamna (anemia) i neih chuan he hypoxia chi hi a lo awm thin. Taksain thisen zam (red blood cells) a siam tling tawk lo a nih chuan, a nih loh leh thisen sen (red blood cells) a lo piang chhuak te chu a deformed a nih chuan thisen tlakchhamna (anemia) a awm thei a ni.

4. Histotoxic Hypoxia a awm thei

Hei hi a danglam deuh hlek a ni. Hetah hian i lungin oxygen a hmu tling a, i thisenin a hmu bawk. Mahse eng emaw chhan vangin tissue chhunga cell te hian chu oxygen chu an hmang tha thei lo. Hei hi cyanide ang chi rulhut i ei huna thil thleng thei nen a inang hle. Cell te hian oxygen an dawng nasa hle a, mahse an hmang thei lo.

Engtin nge hypoxia hi an hriat theih?

I doctor chuan a enfiah hmasa ang che, i thinlung leh i lung a ngaithla ang. I vun, i nail leh i hmui te chu blueness a awm leh awm loh an enfiah thei bawk. Chu bâkah, i oxygen level enfiah nân leh hypoxia awm chhan bulpui zawng tûrin test dang an ti thei bawk:

• Pulse Oximetry: Hei hi test awlsam tak, hrehawm lo tak a ni. Sensor te tak te chu i kut zungtang ah clip a ni. I thisena oxygen awm zat a teh thin. Hei hi vawi tam tak i hmu tawh ngei ang.
• Arterial Blood Gas test (ABG): Hei hi i kutphah, i kut emaw, i ke ruh emawa thisen tlemte lak chhuah a ni a, chu chu needle te tak te hmangin i oxygen level enfiah a ni.
• Pulmonary Function Test (PFT): Hei hian machine nena inzawm mouthpiece hmanga thawk chhuah leh chhuah a ni. I lung hnathawh that dan a teh thin.
• Imaging test: X-ray, CT scan, leh V/Q scan ang chi test hian i chhungril taksa peng hrang hrangte thlalak a la a. Hengte hian hypoxia awm chhan hriat theihna kawngah a pui thei a ni.
• Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT): He test hian hmun zau takah minute ruk chhung i kal theih dan tur a teh a ni. He test hian i lung leh thinlung hnathawh dan a hriattir thei che a ni.

Hypoxia hi engtin nge enkawl a nih?

Hypoxia enkawlna chu a chhan bulpuiah a innghat a ni . Vawi khat thil thleng emaw, natna khirh tak emaw pawh a ni thei. Enkawlna kawng hrang hrangte chu:

• I thawkna kawng hawngtu damdawi, inhaled steroids te, asthma emaw lung natna dang emaw enkawl nan.
• Lung chhunga tui tam lutuk tihtlem thei damdawi (``Diuretics'' an tih).
• Sleep apnea enkawl nan CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) mask hman a ni.
• COPD leh sleep apnea natna thenkhat tan BiPAP® (BiLevel Positive Airway Pressure) (brand name BiPAP® tia hriat fo) hman dan.
• Chronic hypoxia tan oxygen supplement pek a ni . Hei hian oxygen machine, mask emaw tube emaw hmangin i hnar-ah dah a, chu chuan i lung leh air sacs (alveoli) thlenga oxygen a thlen tam zawk nan a hmang a ni.
• Acute hypoxia na tak a awm chuan damdawi inah mechanical ventilation tih theih a ni.

Hypoxia symptoms hi engtin nge ka enkawl ang?

I kea i dinhmun a nghet lo tih i hriat a, i thinlung a thawk emaw, i thawk a chak emaw, i nail, i hmui, a nih loh leh i vun a sen a nih chuan, doctor pan nghal tur a ni . Eng nge i hria em? Hypoxia hi enkawl vat ngai a ni. A nih loh chuan a chang chuan kan taksa peng pawimawh tak takte a tichhe thei a ni.

COPD ang chi hun rei tak chhung dinhmunah chuan he hypoxia hi a awm reng thei a, mahse a natna lan chhuah dan erawh chutiang chuan a na lo thei thung. Chutiang hunah chuan i doctor chuan i dinhmun enkawl dan tur leh oxygen level tlahniam theihna tihtlem dan tur a hrilh ang che. Symptom tharte chu ngaihthah ngai suh. Thil danglam i hriat chuan doctor hnenah hrilh rawh.

Engtin nge hypoxia hlauhawmna tihziaawm theih ang?

Hypoxia i vei theihna tihtlem dan tha ber chu i oxygen level tihhniam thei tur damdawi lam dinhmun hnuaia awm eng pawh uluk taka enkawl hi a ni. Lung emaw, lung emaw natna i neih chuan i doctor nen i hlauhawmna tihziaawmna tur kawng chiang tak tak sawipui rawh.

Damdawi thenkhat leh dinhmun thenkhat, hmun sang taka zin te hian hypoxia vei theihna a tipung thei tih hre reng ang che. Khualzin emaw, damdawi thlak emaw huna fimkhur tur bikte chu i doctor zawt la.

Engtin nge he dinhmun hi ka nunpui ang?

Hypoxia hian damdawi lam pan vat a ngai tlangpui. I doctor chuan a chhan bulpui leh hmalam pan zel tura enkawl dan tur a hrilhfiah ang che.

A then phei chuan hypoxia hi a hnuaia dinhmun enkawl a nih chuan a reh a, supplemental oxygen mamawhna a awm tawh lo. Mahse, a then phei chuan hypoxia ven nan leh oxygen level hniam avanga tissue chhiatna ven nan chronic supplemental oxygen a ngai thei. I doctor chuan i tana tha tur duhthlan tur a sawipui ang.

Engtin nge ka in enkawl ang?

Hypoxia thlentu emaw, a thlen theihna tur emaw, damdawi lam dinhmun hnuaia awm i neih chuan, chu natna chu enkawl chu a lo thleng leh theihna tur tihziaawmna kawng ṭha ber a ni.

• Symptom tharte chu ngaihthah suh. Thil dik lo i hriat chuan i instinct ring la, i doctor hmu la, Emergency Department (ETU) ah kal rawh .
• Nangmah in enkawl rawh. Asthma i neih chuan i triggers te kha fimkhur rawh. Rescue inhaler keng fo la, i doctor-in a tih chuan. I doctor-in a tih angin thawk lakna exercise ti rawh.
• Meizial zu leh zuk leh hmuam hman loh tur.Meizial i zuk chuan i zuk bânsan hian i lung hnathawh a titha thei a, chhiatna dang a veng thei bawk.
• I doctor-in damdawi a pek apiang chu ei rawh.
• Hmun sang takah i zin dawn a nih chuan ruahmanna siam rawh. Damdawi lam harsatna bulpui nei lote pawhin hmun sang takah thawk harsatna an tawk thei a ni. Chu chuan engtin nge a nghawng ang che tih hrethiam la, inthlâk danglamna nêna insiamrem tûrin ruahmanna siam rawh. Damdawi lam thurawn i mamawh chuan eng nge i tih ang tih pawh ngaihtuah bawk ang che. A tul chuan insiamrem theihna hun remchang pe la, hmanraw dang emaw damdawi emaw i mamawh belh apiang keng tel bawk ang che.

Engtikah nge Emergency Department (ETU) ah ka kal ang ?

Hypoxia hi nunna atana hlauhawm tak a ni. Hypoxia symptoms i neih chuan, emaw, midangte’n i nungchang emaw, i hriatna emaw a danglam nghal tih an hriat chuan (buai, buai, hriatna danglam) Emergency Department (ETU) ah kal nghal rawh. Damdawi lam harsatna i neih chhunzawm zel a, i natna lan chhuah dan pangngai chu a lo zual nghal a nih chuan, emaw, hypoxia ni thei tura i ngaih symptom thar i neih chuan Emergency Department-ah kal rawh.

Doctor hnenah eng zawhna nge ka zawh ang?

Nangmah emaw, i hmangaih tak emaw pawhin hypoxia i vei tih hmuhchhuah a nih chuan, i doctor zawh tur zawhna thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Doctor, he hypoxia hi natna hnuaia awm dang vang em ni?
• Engtin nge ka dinhmun hi ka enkawl theih ang, hypoxia ka neih theihna tur tihtlem nan?
• Hei hian ka taksa peng hrang hrang a tichhia em, a nih loh leh harsatna dang a awm em?
• Hypoxia vei theihna tur tihtlem nan ka nunphung tihdanglam ka mamawh em?
• Ka zinna tur ruahmanna emaw, damdawi emaw thlak danglam hian hypoxia ka vei theihna a tipung thei ang em?

A tawp berah chuan (Take-Home Message) hi hre reng ang che.

Hypoxia hi nunna atana hlauhawm tak a ni a , mahse damdawi lam pan vat chuan enkawl theih a ni. Hypoxia vei theihna tur thinlung emaw, lung emaw natna i neih chuan, i doctor nen eng symptom nge i ngaihven tur tih leh i oxygen level a hniam nia i hriat chuan eng nge i tih tur tih sawipui rawh.

I taksa hi i hre chiang ber tih hre reng ang che. Chuvangin, i ngaihtuahna tibuaitu symptom i neih chuan i doctor ko nghal emaw, i hnai ber Emergency Department (ETU) pan emaw hreh suh. Hrisel takin awm rawh!

` Hypoxia, oxygen, thawk harsa, lung natna, thinlung natna, symptoms, enkawl dan