Thisenah hian oxygen a awm avangin harsatna a awm em? Methemoglobinemia chungchang hi i zir dawn teh ang!

Mi pakhat vun leh hmui chu rawng dum mak tak maiin a rawn inthlak nghal tih i hmu ngai em? A nih loh leh naute thenkhat chu a hring deuh piang tih i hre tawh em? Hei hi a chhan pakhat chu thisen lama natna awm lo tak, mahse na tak thei a ni thei. Vawiin hian chutiang dinhmun pakhat methemoglobinemia chungchang kan sawi dawn a ni . Mi thenkhat chuan "blue baby syndrome" an ti bawk.

Methemoglobinemia hi eng nge ni tak tak?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, methemoglobinemia hi kan thisena thisen sen (red blood cells) te hian taksa chhunga cell dang leh tissue dangte hnena oxygen an phurh theih loh vang a ni. Ngaihtuah teh, thisen zam (red blood cells) hi kan taksa pum puia oxygen phurh chhuahna tura puitu a ni, a dik em? Heng thisen sen (red blood cells) ah hian protein bik hemoglobin tih a awm a . Bus ang mai a ni a, he hemoglobin hian taksa pum puiah oxygen a keng tel a ni.

Mahse, he ``Methemoglobinemia`` an tih dinhmunah hian thil thleng chu kan ``Hemoglobin`` oxygen kengtu chu a inthlak a, thil chi danglam tak ``Methemoglobin`` tih a lo ni ta a ni.`` Buaina chu, he ``Methemoglobin`` hian oxygen a phur thei lo. Oxygen phur bus a chhe a, passenger a phur thei lo ang mai a ni.

Hetiang dinhmun hi mi thenkhatah chuan rochun (genetically) a ni thei. Mahse a tam zâwk chu kan hman damdawi ṭhenkhat, intihhlimna damdawi, a nih loh leh chemical ṭhenkhat kan hman vang a ni . A chang chuan nunna atana hlauhawm tak a ni thei a, a bik takin nausen natna khirh tak neia piang leh ruihhlo hmangtute tan chuan a hlauhawm hle. Mahse, a tam zawkah chuan doctor-te chuan ``Methemoglobin`` level tihhniam nan leh a symptoms tihbo nan damdawi an pe thei a ni.

Hei hian engtin nge ka taksa a nghawng?

Methemoglobinemia vei tam tak chuan cyanosis an tih natna an nei thin . Cyanosis chu i kut zungtang, i lei, hmui leh vun te chu a rawng blue emaw purple emaw a nih chuan a ni. Hei hi i thisenin oxygen a neih tlem chuan a thleng thin. Ka sawi tawh ang khan thisen sen (red blood cells) hi a tlangpuiin taksa pum puia oxygen phurtu an ni. Chumi atan chuan protein pakhat hemoglobin an tih hian a pui a ni.

Methemoglobinemia-ah chuan ``Methemoglobinemia`` hi ``Hemoglobin`` chu ``Methemoglobin`` a nih chuan a thleng a, chu chu genetic mutation emaw pawn lam thil dang vang emaw a ni. ``Methemoglobin`` hian oxygen a phur thei lo a, thisen a oxygen awm zat a tlahniam a, ``Cyanosis`` i nei thin.

Methemoglobinemia natna lan chhuah dan chu engte nge ni?

Mi hrang hrangah symptoms a inang lo thei a, i natna chi hrang hrangah pawh a innghat bawk. Heng symptoms te hi engtin nge a lan chhuah tlangpui tih hi han thlir ila.

Acquired Methemoglobinemia natna lan chhuah dan

Mi tam tak chuan natna tidamtu damdawi, damdawi, a nih loh leh thil tha lo tak tak an ei hnuah he natna hi an nei ṭhin . Hei hi acquired methemoglobinemia an ti a. Symptoms lo awm thei te chu:

• Vun dum (pale) 1.1.
• Chau lutuk tih hriatna (chau) .
• Chaklohna
• Lu na

A châng chuan, acquired methemoglobinemia vei te chuan natna lan chhuahna na tak an nei thei a, chu chu damdawi lam pan vat ngai a ni . Chung zingah chuan:

• Nausea leh luak chhuak.
• Mut tam lutuk, thusawi thiam loh, leh chhanna slow lutuk: Chûngte chu central nervous system depression chhinchhiahna a ni thei .
• Thil hriatna hloh emaw, taksa chetna thunun theih loh (seizure ang chi): Hengte hi epileptic seizure chhinchhiahna a ni .
• Thâwk rang, thinlung chakna sang, leh buai: Chûngte chu metabolic acidosis an tih natna lan chhuahna a ni.

Pawimawh: I bula mi tu emaw chuan heng epilepsy symptoms, `(Metabolic Acidosis)` emaw `(Central Nervous System Depression)` emaw a lantir chuan 1990 ah call nghal la, ambulance i call tur a ni

Congenital Methemoglobinemia natna lan chhuah dan

Congenital methemoglobinemia hi a awm lo hle. Khawvel pumah hri kai hmuh chhuah tlemte chauh an awm. Chu thu hriat a\ang chuan doctor-te chuan chi thum-ah an ṭhen a: Type 1, Type 2, leh Hemoglobin M disease (HbM) .

• Hemoglobin M natna (HbM) vei te hian cyanosis (blue skin) an nei fo thin a, mahse a tlangpuiin an hrisel hle.
• Type 1 methemoglobinemia (Type 1 MetHb) vei te pawhin cyanosis nei mahse, hriselna lama harsatna lian dang erawh a awm lo.
• Mahse, naute Type 2 methemoglobinemia (Type 2 MetHb) neia piangte chuan thla 9 vel an tlin meuh chuan thluak lama harsatna nasa tak an nei thei a ni. Lungchhiatthlak takin heng naute hi an dam rei lo.

Engvangin nge methemoglobinemia hi a lo awm?

Hetiang dinhmun hi rochun a ni thei a, a nih loh leh ka sawi tawh ang khan a hnuah damdawi thenkhat, damdawi thenkhat emaw, chemical tha lo tak tak emaw avanga lo awm pawh a ni thei bawk.

Acquired Methemoglobinemia awm chhan te

• Painkillers benzocaine leh lidocaine (a bik takin topical gel leh spray-a awm) leh antibiotic dapsone te hian hetiang hi a thlen thei a ni.
• Damdawi thenkhata hman thin nitrates, Nitrites, ei tur humhalhtu leh tuikhuah tui thenkhata awm thei te, leh loneih nana hman thin herbicide thenkhat nena inzawmna te pawh a chhan a ni.
• Mite chuan intihhlimna atana ruihhlo amyl nitrite (poppers tia hriat bawk), nitrous oxide (laughing gas), leh anesthetics thenkhat cocaine ang chi ruihhlo nena chawhpawlh hmang thinte chu methemoglobin a tam em avangin nunna atana hlauhawm damdawi lama harsatna an tawk nasa hle.

Congenital Methemoglobinemia awm chhan te

Congenital methemoglobinemia (Congenital MetHb) hi genetic mutation hrang hrang pahnih avanga lo awm a ni.

• Type 1 leh 2 -ah chuan gene CYB5R -a mutation a awm chuan thisen sen (red blood cells)-a hemoglobin leh methemoglobin inkara balance a tibuai a ni.
• Hemoglobin M natna (HbM) hi Hemoglobin M gene engemaw zat mutations avanga lo awm a ni.

Congenital methemoglobinemia hi autosomal recessive disorder a ni a . A awlsam zawngin, naupangin natna a vei theih nan nu leh pa pahnih hi gene mutation kengtu an nih a ngai a, naupang chuan an pahnih hnen atangin mutation chu a rochun a ngai bawk.

Hemoglobin M natna (HbM) hi autosomal dominant disorder a ni a . Chumi awmzia chu naupangin nu leh pa pakhat chauh hnen atanga gene mutation rochun pawh ni se, he natna hi a vei thei tihna a ni.

Engtin nge doctor-te hian hei hi an hriat chian?

Doctor te chuan he natna hi i medical history kimchang la in taksa enfiahna hmangin an hmuchhuak thin . Mi pakhatin acquired methemoglobinemia symptoms a neih chuan damdawi hman emaw, chemical tha lo tak tak a tawrh theih dan emaw a zawt thei a ni.

Hei hi hriat theih nan eng test nge tih thin?

Heng test te hi tih thin a ni tlangpui:

• Thisen Test: Hetiang natna vei te thisen kalna kawng atanga thisen lak hi a tlangpuiin a rawng dum (dark brown) a ni. He dark brown rawng hian thisenah hian arteries te hian oxygen an phur tha lo tihna a ni.
• Methemoglobin (MetHb) level test: Hei hian i thisena methemoglobin awm zat a teh a ni.
• CYB5R enzyme activity: He enzyme activity hi a tlangpui aia hniam a nih chuan congenital methemoglobinemia chhinchhiahna a ni.
• Genotyping: Congenital methemoglobinemia i vei nia i rinhlelh chuan i DNA-ah genetic changes a awm leh awm loh enfiah a ni ang a, chu chuan i diagnosis chu a nemnghet ang. Hei hian natna chi hrang hrang hriat theih nan a pui thei bawk.
• Hemoglobin Electrophoresis hmanga thil tih dan: 1.1.Hei hi thisen sen chhunga ``Hemoglobin`` test dan a ni. He test hmang hian hemoglobin M natna ``(HbM).`` hriat theih a ni

Hei hi engtin nge enkawl a nih?

Methemoglobinemia i neih chi hrang hrang a zirin enkawl dan tur a inang lo. Entirnan, nau piang thar type 2 vei enkawlna chu chemical tha lo emaw ruihhlo hman avanga he natna lo nei tawh enkawl dan nen a danglam hle.

• Type 1 Methemoglobinemia emaw Hemoglobin M natna vei te chuan enkawl an ngai lo mai thei. A tul chuan doctor-te chuan heng damdawi te hi Methemoglobin level tihhniam nan an hmang thei ang:
• Methylene Blue: Hei hi methemoglobinemia damdawi ber a ni.
• Vitamin C leh vitamin B2 te a awm bawk.

Acquired Methemoglobinemia enkawl dan

A dinhmun a zirin acquired methemoglobinemia hi medical emergency a ni thei. Chutiang hunah chuan thisen kal tlanga tui pek leh oxygen pek a ngai mai thei . Vawi tam tak chu, acquired methemoglobinemia vei te chu methylene blue -ah pek an ni.

Enkawlna avanga harsatna awmte chu engte nge ni?

G6PD Deficiency (genetic condition pawh ni bawk) vei mi pakhat chu methylene blue treatment pek chhunzawm zel a nih chuan hemolysis an tih condition a awm thei a ni. Hemolysis chu i thisen sen (red blood cells) a hun hma emaw, a tul lo emawa a chhe vek hi a ni.

Methemoglobinemia vei theihna ka tihtlem thei ang em?

• Hetiang dinhmun hi genetic variant rochuntute chuan chemical tha lo (e.g. pesticides), damdawi thenkhat, leh local anesthetics tam tak , methemoglobin level tisang thei te chu an ei loh tur a ni. Hetiang natna hi i neih chuan i doctor hnenah eng nge i allergy neih theih tih zawt rawh.
• Amyl nitrite emaw cocaine ang chi ruihhlo hmangtute chuan methemoglobinemia vei theihna an nei sang hle. Heng damdawite hi i hman a, i bânsan theih nâna ṭanpuina i mamawh a nih chuan, damdawi awm thei chungchâng doctor nên sawipui rawh.

Hetiang dinhmun hi ka neih chuan eng nge thleng ang?

A tam zawkah chuan enkawlna hian symptoms a ti reh thei. Type 1 Congenital Methemoglobinemia, emaw Hemoglobin M natna vei tam zawk chuan symptoms an nei tlem hle. He natna nei lo mi ang maiin an dam rei tlangpui.

Engtin nge ka in enkawl ang?

• A tlangpuiin natna ``congenital`` form neia piangte chuan natna tizual thei damdawi leh chemical te lakah fimkhur tur a ni. Mi zawng zawng dinhmun hi tlem a inang lo deuh avangin doctor rawn la a tha ber.
• Acquired methemoglobinemia (Acquired MetHb) vei te chuan a thlentu thil – damdawi, topical painkiller, emaw chemical tha lo tak tak te hi an pumpelh vek tur a ni.

Engtikah nge Doctor ka hmuh ang?

• Methemoglobinemia hi hereditary form i neih chuan i taksaah inthlak danglamna, hahna emaw, hah lutuk emaw i hmuh chuan doctor pan rawh. Hengte hi i thisen sen (red blood cells) te hian i taksa pum puiah oxygen an phur thei tawh lo tih chhinchhiahna a ni thei.
• Symptom na tak tak cyanosis (blue skin) bakah seizures emaw mut tam lutuk emaw i neih chuan 911 call nghal la, hospital emergency department hnai ber pan rawh.

Doctor hnenah eng zawhna nge ka zawh ang?

Methemoglobinemia hi thisen lama natna awm lo tak a ni. Mi thenkhat chuan rochun (Congenital MetHb) an nei a, mahse mi tam zawk chuan a hnuah (Acquired MetHb) an nei thin. I dinhmun a zirin i doctor hnenah zawhna i zawt thei ang:

Acquired Methemoglobinemia (Acquired MetHb) chungchang:

• Engvangin nge hetiang hian ka chungah a lo thlen?
• Enkawlna hian ka natna lan chhuah dan a ti bo dawn em ni?
• Ka symptoms te hi a lo let leh thei ang em?
• Hetiang thil hi a thleng leh tawh loh nan eng nge ka tih ang?

Type 1 Congenital MetHb chungchang:

• Cyanosis (blue skin) hi damdawi lama harsatna lian tak a ni em?
• Methemoglobinemia (MetHb) damdawi ka ei a ngai reng ang em?
• Symptom dang ka nei thei ang em?
• Ka fate hian he dinhmun hi an rochun thei ang em?

Type 2 Congenital MetHb (naupang a nih chuan):

• Hetiang dinhmun hian ka naute hi engtin nge a nghawng ang?
• Ka naute natna lanchhuahna tihziaawmna tur enkawlna a awm em?
• Ka naute tanpui nan eng nge ka tih theih ang?
• Fa tam zawk ka neih chuan an chungah pawh hetiang hi a thleng dawn em ni?

A tawi zawngin (Take-Home Message) .

Methemoglobinemia hi thisen natna hmuh tur awm lo tak a ni a, kan thisen sen (red blood cells) te taksa chhunga oxygen an phurh kual theihna a tichhe a ni. Mi thenkhat tan chuan rochun a ni a, mahse mi tam zawk tan chuan damdawi thenkhat, chemical tha lo tak tak an inhriat vang emaw, intihhlimna atana ruihhlo hman vang emaw a ni. Congenital methemoglobinemia (a bik takin type 2) hian a chang chuan thluak lama harsatna lian tak a thlen thei a, mahse a tam zawkah chuan hriselna lama harsatna lian tham a thlen lo. Mahse, acquired methemoglobinemia (acquired methemoglobinemia) hi a chang chuan nunna atana hlauhawm tak a ni thei.

A pawimawh ber chu he natna vei theihna hlauhawmah i inngai a nih chuan Doctor hnenah hemi chungchang hi sawipui hlau suh. Amah emaw, ani emaw chuan lawm takin a pui ang che.

` Methemoglobinemia, Methemoglobinemia, Blue baby syndrome, Cyanosis, Thisenah oxygen tlakchhamna, Hemoglobin, Thisen natna, Genetic natna