I taksa glandular system-a harsatna awm ṭhenkhat i zir dawn em ni? - Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN) natna chi hrang hrang a awm thei.

Kan taksa hi machine mak tak ang mai a ni lawm ni? He machine hi a thawk tha tur chuan a part tinte chu an thawk ho a, an inrem tha hle a ngai a ni. Kan taksaah hian system pawimawh tak a awm a, chu chu endocrine system an ti a ni. He system chhunga glands te hian kan taksa chhunga thil tih tam tak control tu hormone an siam chhuak thin. Mahse, a chang chuan he system hi a kal sual thei a ni. Vawiin hian kan sawi dawn a, thil awm lo tak, mahse hriat tur pawimawh tak kan sawi dawn a ni. Chu chu Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia , a tawi zawngin `(MEN)` tia hriat bawk a ni.

Chuti a nih chuan he endocrine system hi eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin kan endocrine system hi kan taksa chhunga gland leh organ hrang hrangte network a ni. Hengte hi hormone an tih chemical siam chhuakin thisenah a chhuah tir thin. Heng hormone te hi kan taksa chhunga thuchah kengtu palai te tak te angin ngaihtuah rawh. Heng thuchahte hian kan taksa peng hrang hrang, vun leh taksa peng hrang hrangte chu kan tih tur leh engtikah nge kan tih tur tih a hrilh a ni.

Kan endocrine system-a tel gland leh organ lian tak tak engemaw zat a awm a:

• Hypothalamus: Hei hi kan thluak bulpuiah a awm a. Endocrine system-a thil tam tak a thunun a ni.
• Pituitary gland: He gland te tak te, hypothalamus nena inzawm hian gland dang tam tak control tu hormone a siam chhuak a, chung zingah chuan thyroid gland, adrenal glands, ovaries leh testicles te pawh a tel.
• Thyroid: He hnim hring ang maia kan kawr hmalam a awm hian kan taksa metabolism a control a, chu chu kan ei leh in atanga chakna kan hman dan a ni.
• Parathyroid glands: Heng gland te tak te pali, a tlangpuiin thyroid gland bula awm te hian kan taksaa calcium leh phosphorus level te chu an control a ni.
• Adrenal glands: Heng gland pahnih, kal chunglama awm hian metabolism, thisen sang, mipat hmeichhiatna lama hmasawnna leh stress response te a control a ni.
• Pineal gland: He gland hian hormone melatonin a siam a, kan mut hun chhung a enkawl a ni.
• Pancreas: Hei hi insulin siam chhuahna hmun a ni. Metabolism leh thisen sugar control nan a pawimawh hle. Kan chaw ei leh in (digestive system)-ah pawh a tel ve bawk.
• Ovaries: Hei hi hmeichhe sex hormone estrogen, progesterone leh testosterone siamna hmun a ni.
• Testes: Mipaah ​​sperm a siam chhuah rualin hetah hian hormone testosterone pawh a siam chhuak bawk.

Chuti a nih chuan Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN) hi eng nge ni?

Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN) hi genetic condition hmuh tur awm lo tak a ni a, endocrine system gland leh tissue pakhat aia tam ah tumor a lo awm a, hei hi a hmain kan sawi tawh a ni. A chang chuan heng tumor te hi cancer a lo ni thei bawk.

He `(MEN)` dinhmun hi chi hnih a awm a:

1. Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN type 1): Hei hi endocrine system gland hrang hrangah tumor tam tak a lo awm thinna a ni. Hei hi MEN-1 leh Wermer’s syndrome an ti bawk.

2. Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN type 2): Hei hi genetic cancer natna a ni a, gland engemaw zat a nghawng a ni. MEN2 vei te hian thyroid cancer chi khat, medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) an nei thin. Tin, endocrine system gland dang dangah pawh tumor an neih theihna chance a sang zawk bawk. Hei hi MEN-2 leh Sipple syndrome an ti bawk.

Engvangin nge he `(MEN)` dinhmun hi a lo awm?

Heng `(MEN)` chi hnih hi kan genes , chu chu mutations , inthlak danglamna avanga lo awm a ni. Kan taksa hian instruction book, chu chu genes ang chi thil a nei niin han ngaihtuah teh. He instruction bu-a letter pakhat pawh a dik lo a nih chuan, chu chu gene pakhat chu a inthlak danglam chuan taksa hnathawh thenkhat a tibuai thei tihna a ni.

• (MEN type 1) hi `MEN1` gene a mutation avanga lo awm a ni . He `MEN1` gene hi tumor suppressor gene a ni a . Chu chu cell inthen darh dan control thei leh tumor lo awm tur venna atana puitu gene a ni. He gene hian hna a thawk tha lo a nih chuan cell thenkhat chu control theih lohvin an thang lian thei a, tumor an siam thei bawk.
• (MEN type 2) hi `RET` gene a mutation avanga lo awm a ni . He `RET` gene hi cancer lo awm theihna nena inzawm gene a ni. He gene hi a inthlak danglam chuan taksa peng leh gland thenkhata cell te chu thunun theih lohvin an thang lian a, tumor an siam thin.

Heng genetic mutations te hi nu leh pa atanga rochun a ni thei a, nausen lo piang chhuak lai hian random takin a thleng thei bawk. Nu leh pa pakhatin MEN an neih chuan naupangin a neih theihna chance 50% vel a awm.

`(MEN)` type 1 (`MEN type 1`) chungchang tlem han zir belh leh ila.

MEN type 1 vei te hian endocrine system gland engemaw zatah tumor an nei thin. A natna vei tamna hmunte chu:

• Parathyroid glands: Hei hi a tam ber a ni.
• Gastroenteropancreatic tract: Chumi awmzia chu pancreas, pum leh chaw ei kawng dang, duodenum-ah te tumor a lo awm thei tihna a ni.
• Pituitary gland a ni.

A tam zawkah chuan MEN type 1 nena lo awm lumps te hi non-cancerous (benign) an ni. Mahse, lump thenkhat chu cancer (malignant) a ni thei.Taksa hmun dangah pawh a darh (metastasize) thei bawk. Tumor nei gland te hian thisenah hormone tam lutuk an chhuah tlangpui. Hei hian symptom hrang hrang leh hriselna lama harsatna a thlentu a ni.

Doctor-te chuan MEN type 1 vei zingah endocrine leh non-endocrine tumor chi 20 chuang an hmuchhuak a, tumor chi dang, a tam lo zawk pawh a awm a, chungte chu:

• Neuroendocrine tumor te hi thymus (thil chhunga lymph node) leh bronchi (lung chhunga boruak kalna kawng) ah te a lo awm thin.
• Adrenocortical tumor hi adrenal glands pawn lam layer-ah a lo awm a.
• Fatty lumps (Lipomas) vun hnuaia lo awm thin.
• Hnute cancer a ni.
• Tumor , meningioma leh ependymomas ang chi, thluak emaw, ruhro emaw a lo awm thei.

`(MEN type 1)` natna lanchhuahna chu engte nge ni?

MEN type 1 symptoms hi mi hrang hrangah a inang lo thei hle. Eng gland nge a nghawng tih leh hormone engzat nge an siam tih ah a innghat. Mi thenkhat chuan symptoms an nei lo tak tak thei a, thenkhat chuan symptoms na lo tak tak an nei thei a, thenkhat chuan symptoms na tak, nunna atana hlauhawm tak tak pawh an nei thei bawk. Mi hrang hrangah natna lan chhuah dan a inang lo thei a, chhungkaw khat chhungah pawh, twins inkarah pawh a inang lo thei.

Lump chi hrang hrang leh a kaihhnawih symptoms thenkhat han thlir ila:

• Parathyroid glands-a harsatna (hyperparathyroidism) a awm avangin:

`(MEN type 1)` vei zinga 90% chuan kum 50 an tlin chuan he natna hi an nei thin a, hetah hian parathyroid glands te chu an thawk nasa lutuk thin.

• A lan chhuah dan tlem: ruh na, taksa ruh chak lohna, hah, lungngaihna, ngaihtuahna seng harsa, ei duh lohna.
• A lan chhuah dan na tak tak: luak chhuak, luak chhuak, buai, theihnghilh, tuihal lutuk leh zun tam, chaw ei kham, ruh na.

• Pancreas leh small intestine hmun hmasa ber (Gastrinomas)-a tumor awm avangin:

MEN type 1 vei puitling zinga 40% vel chuan gastrinomas an tih tumor an nei a. Chungte chuan hormone gastrin an siam a, chu chuan pum chhungah acid a siam tam lutuk a ni.

• A lan chhuah dan: Pum na, luak chhuak, lungphu (acid reflux), pum na (peptic ulcers).
• Hemi category a tumor hmuh tur dang chu insulinoma a ni . Hei hian insulin a siam chhuak a, chu chuan thisen sugar a tihhniam (hypoglycemia) a thlen thei a ni.
• A lan chhuah dan: buai, khur, thawk hah, riltam lutuk, hahdam lo, thinlung na rang, mit hmuhna hun eng emaw chen a danglam.

• Pituitary tumor (prolactinomas) avang hian:

MEN type 1 vei zinga 25% vel chuan pituitary tumor an nei thin. A tam ber chu prolactinomas a ni a, chu chuan hormone prolactin a siam chhuak a ni .

• Hmeichhiaah hian a lan chhuah dan: thlasik hun mumal lo emaw, thlasik chawlhsan (amenorrhea), naupai harsat, naupai loh emaw, hnute pek loh emaw laia hnute atanga hnute tui chhuak (galactorrhea), mipat hmeichhiatna lama duhna tlahniam.
• Mipa natna lan chhuah dan: Testosterone level tlahniam, erectile dysfunction (ED), leh nau pai harsat avanga mipat hmeichhiatna lama duhna tlahniam.
• Lump a lian chuan: lu na, nausea/vomiting, mit a danglam (double vision, side vision tlahniam).

Pawimawh: Mi zawng zawngin symptom inang an nei vek dawn lo. He list hi a kimchang lo hle. `(MEN type 1)` ah hian lumps chi dang tam tak a lo awm thei bawk.

`(MEN)` type 2 (`MEN type 2`) chungchang pawh i zir ve ang u.

MEN type 2 vei zawng zawng hian thyroid cancer chi khat, medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) an nei vek a ni. Hetiang cancer chi hi thyroid gland-a cell chi khat bik C cells an tihah a lo awm a. Heng cell te hian hormone pakhat calcitonin an siam chhuak a. MTC hi lymph node leh taksa peng dangah a darh thei a ni. Enkawlna ber chu thyroid gland surgery hmanga lakchhuah (thyroidectomy) a ni.

Tin, `(MEN type 2)` vei te hian a hnuaia dinhmun pakhat emaw, pahnih emaw an tawk thei bawk:

• Pheochromocytoma: Hei hi tumor hmuh tur awm lo tak a ni a, adrenal gland pakhat emaw, a pahnih emaw (adrenal medulla) lai takah a lo awm thin. A tam zawkah chuan hengte hi cancer vei an ni lo. 10%-15% vel chu cancer an ni thei a, a darh thei bawk.
• Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid glands-in parathyroid hormone (PTH) a siam tam lutuk avangin thisenah calcium level a sang chho zel a.

`(MEN type 2)` natna lanchhuahna chu engte nge ni?

Heta symptoms pawh a inang lo. Symptoms hi cancer (MTC) leh tumor thenkhat atanga hormone siam tam vang a ni tlangpui.

• Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) natna lan chhuah dan:
• Kawng hma lam a lump, kawng na, aw inthlak (hoarseness), khuh, ei harsa, thawk harsa.

• Pheochromocytoma avanga natna lan chhuah dan: (50% velin a awm) .
• Heng tumor te hian hormone tam lutuk, adrenaline ang chi an siam chhuah chauhvin symptoms a awm thin. Tumor thenkhat chuan hormone an siam lo va, symptoms an nei lo thei bawk.
• A lan chhuah dan tlangpui (spell-a lo kal leh kal fo): thisen sang (hypertension), lu na, chhan awm lova thawk hah lutuk, thinlung na rang emaw mumal lo emaw, khur.

• Hyperparathyroidism avanga natna lan chhuah dan:
• `(MEN type 1)`-ah ang bawkin, ruh natna, taksa ruh chak lohna, hahna, lungngaihna, ngaihtuahna seng harsa, chaw ei chak lohna, luak chhuak, luak chhuak, tuihal lutuk leh zun tam lutuk, chaw ei kham, ruh natna te a awm thei.

He `(MEN)` dinhmun hi tuin nge nei thei ang? Engtiang chiahin nge a hluar?

`(MEN)` natna hian hmeichhia leh mipa a nghawng dan inang tlangin a nghawng thei a ni. Condition `(MEN type 1)` lo lang kum hi a inang lo hle. Naupang kum 8 mi lek leh puitling kum 80 inkar ah hmuhchhuah a ni tawh bawk.

`(MEN)` tih hi a awm lo .

• `(MEN type 1)` hian mi 30,000 zinga pakhat vel a vei a ni.
• `(MEN type 2)` hian mi 35,000 zinga pakhat vel a vei a ni.

Researcher thenkhat chuan heng natna vei tak tak hi underdiagnosis emaw misdiagnosis emaw vangin a tam zawk thei niin an ngai.

Engtin nge doctor-te hian `(MEN)` natna hi an hriat chhuah? (Diagnosis) tih a ni.

`(MEN)` natna hriatchhuah hi a buaithlak deuh thei a, a chhan chu gland hrang hrang a nghawng avangin.

• `(MEN type 1)` hriatchhuahna:

Mi pakhat chu a chunga kan sawi tak endocrine tumor lian pathum zinga pahnih tal (parathyroid tumor, pituitary tumor, leh/ emaw gastrointestinal tract-a tumor) a neih chuan MEN type 1 a vei tih hmuhchhuah a ni tlangpui a, chutiang tumor zinga pakhat a neih a, chhungkaw member pakhatin MEN type 1 a neih chuan a ni.

• Test hrang hrang:
• Thisen test: Hormone thenkhat (e.g. parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium) a tam em tih enfiah thin ang che.
• Imaging test: Hengte hian lumps awmna hmun zawng turin a pui thei a, chu chu CT scan (computed tomography scan) emaw MRI (magnetic resonance imaging scan) emaw te hi a ni.
• Genetic testing: `MEN1` gene-a mutation awm leh awm loh enfiah thin.

• `(MEN type 2)` hriatchhuahna:

Mi pakhat chu pheochromocytoma leh/ emaw hyperplasia emaw adenoma of the parathyroid glands te nen medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) a neih chuan MEN type 2 a vei tih hmuhchhuah a ni.

• Test hrang hrang:
• Thisen test: Hormone level, calcitonin (MTC tan), parathyroid hormone (PTH), leh catecholamines (pheochromocytoma tan) te enfiah thin ang che.
• Imaging test: `CT scan` emaw `MRI scan` emaw hman a ni.
• Genetic testing: `RET` gene-a mutation awm leh awm loh enfiah thin.

`(MEN)` enkawlna tur engte nge ni?

MEN enkawlna hi eng endocrine glands leh organs nge a nghawng tih ah a innghat vek a ni. A tlangpuiin doctor team hrang hrang, endocrinologist , surgeon , leh oncologist te pawh an tel a ni.

Enkawlna kawng hrang hrang a awm thei a:

• Damdawi: Natna lan chhuah dan control leh hormone tam lutuk nghawng tihziaawm.
• Surgery: Lump emaw, a natna gland zawng zawng (e.g., thyroid gland) chu la chhuak rawh.
• Hormone replacement therapy: Endocrine gland pakhat chu operation hmanga lakchhuah a nih chuan a siam chhuah hormone chu pawn lam atanga pek a ni.
• Cancer enkawlna: Cancer chu hmun dangah a darh tawh (metastasized) a nih chuan, chemotherapy leh radiation therapy ang chi enkawlna .

`(MEN)` damlo tin hi an danglam bik avangin, mi zawng zawng tana hnathawk thei enkawlna ruahmanna chu a danglam vek a ni. I doctor nen i tana tha ber tur enkawlna tur chungchang sawipui hlau suh.

`(MEN)` hi a dam kim thei em? A veng thei ang em?

Vanduaithlak takin tunah hian `(MEN)` natna hi damdawi a la awm lo. Mahse, a enkawl theih a ni . Doctor-te chuan gland tina inthlak danglamna chu a hun laia a remchan dan angin operation emaw damdawi emaw hmangin an enkawl thin.

`(MEN)` lo piang tur hi ven theih a ni lo, a chhan chu genetic mutation avanga lo awm a nih vang a ni. Heng genetic mutations te hi nu leh pa atanga rochun emaw, embryonic stage-a randomly-a thleng emaw a ni thei.

Mahse, chhungkaw hnai tak (nu leh pa, unau) pakhatin MEN a vei tih hmuhchhuah a nih chuan MEN tan genetic testing chungchangah doctor nen inbiakna neih a pawimawh hle. Chutianga tih chuan he natna hi i neih chuan tumor hriat hmasak phawt theih a ni.

`(MEN)` nen in awm dun hian eng nge thleng? (Prognosis) tih a ni.

MEN tana prognosis hi thil engemaw zat ah a innghat a:

• Engtiang chiahin nge `(MEN)` tih hriatchhuah a nih.
• Eng endocrine glands nge a nghawng?
• Lump chu cancer a nih leh nih loh.
• Enkawlna hman dan chi hrang hrang.
• Cancer natna chu taksa peng dangah a darh tawh em tih (metastasized) an ti a.

MEN i vei tih hmuhchhuah i nih chuan i doctor chuan i enkawl dan tur leh hmalam panna tur kawng tha ber a pe thei che a ni.

Doctor hmuh hun tur leh zawhna pawimawh zawh tur

MEN i vei tih hmuhchhuah i nih chuan i doctor pan fo a ngai ang a, i dinhmun enfiah a, i enkawlna a tha em tih enfiah a ngai bawk ang.

Tin, i chhungte zinga chhungkaw hnai tak pakhatin `(MEN)` a neih chuan, a hmaa kan sawi tawh ang khan, i doctor nen genetic testing chungchang sawipui rawh.

`(MEN)` i neih chuan i doctor hnenah hetiang zawhna hi zawh a \angkai mai thei:

• Eng chi `(MEN)` nge ka neih?
• Engtin nge (MIPA) hian ka taksa a nghawng?
• Eng symptom nge ka fimkhur tur?
• Eng enkawlna kawng nge ka neih?
• Enkawl dan hrang hrang hian eng nge a thatna leh a that lohna?
• Enkawlna a hlawhtlin theih nan eng chen nge hun a duh?
• Ka chhungte dang zawng zawng hi (MEN) test tur em ni?

A tawp berah chuan thil hriat reng tur (Take-Home Message) .

Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) hi natna hlauhawm tak a ni. Tin, MEN hian symptom hrang hrang a thlen thei a, mi zawng zawng dinhmun a inang vek lo a, a chang chuan i nei em tih hriat a harsa thei bawk.

I rilru tibuaitu symptom thar i neih chuan, emaw, i taksaah danglamna i hmu a nih chuan, a tha ber chu doctor pan hi a ni.

`(MEN)` case thenkhat chu random takin thleng mahse chhungkaw hrang hrangah pawh a kal thei bawk. I chhungte hnai tak zinga pakhatin `(MEN)` a neih chuan i hlauhawm em tih hriat nan genetic testing neih a pawimawh hle. `(MEN)` i vei theihna tur chungchanga zawhna i neih apiang chu i doctor nen sawiho rawh. I tanpui turin an awm reng a ni. Hlau suh, hlau suh, zawhna zawh pawh hlau suh.

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