Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome, neuroleptic damdawi avanga natna hlauhawm tak awm hi i hre chiang ang u!

Nang emaw, i hriat emaw chuan damdawi chi khat neuroleptic an ei mai thei a, chu chu rilru lam natna thenkhat enkawlna atan hman a ni. Heng damdawi te hian mi tam tak tan a \angkai hle thei a, mahse heng damdawi te hian natna hlauhawm tak, nunna atana hlauhawm tak pawh a thlen thei hi a tlem hle. Chu chu Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) kan tih chu a ni. Hming buaithlak tak a ni a, mahse a chanchin hriat a pawimawh.

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) hi eng nge ni? A awlsam zawngin i hrethiam ang u!

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) hi damdawi chi khat neuroleptics (antipsychotic medications tia hriat bawk) an tih avanga thil thleng tlem tak leh nunna atana hlauhawm tak a ni. Heng damdawi te hi rilru lam natna tam tak chhinchhiahna enkawl leh enkawl nan an hmang thin .

He `NMS` dinhmunah hian symptom lian tak tak engemaw zat hmuh tur a awm a:

• Khawsik sang (hyperthermia) nei .
• Taksa ruhte chu a nghet a, a na bawk (hei hi a chhunzawm zel chuan ruhte pawh a chhe thei).
• Rilru dinhmun inthlak danglam (buai, hriatrengna hloh ang chi).
• Autonomic nervous system hnathawh that loh emaw, dysautonomia emaw a awm.

Kan autonomic nervous system hi kan taksaa automatic system ang a ni. Thisen sang leh thawk dan ang chi thil a control thei. A hnathawh that loh chuan thisen sang chu a sang leh hniam nghal thei a, thawk hah lutuk (secondary hyperhidrosis) a thlen thei a, hmui a chhuak nasa lutuk bawk.

NMS hi nunna atana hlauhawm medical emergency a ni a, damdawi lam pan vat a ngai a ni. Chuvang chuan heng symptoms te hi i tawn chuan a tha ber chu damdawi in pan nghal mai hi a ni.

Heng neuroleptic damdawi te hi engte nge ni?

Neuroleptic damdawi, a nih loh leh antipsychotic damdawi hi chi hnih lian takah then theih a ni.

1. Thla hmasa ber emaw "typical" emaw antipsychotics.

2. Thla hnihna emaw "atypical" emaw antipsychotics.

Doctor-te chuan heng first- leh second-generation antipsychotics te hi rilru leh thluak lam natna hrang hrang tan an pe thin. Entirna tlemte chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Dementia natna avanga nungchang lama harsatna awm thin.
• Bipolar disorder a ni.
• Lungngaihna.
• Ei leh in lama harsatna nei.
• Generalized anxiety disorder a ni a, a rilru a hah hle.
• Geriatric tihbuai (Geriatric agitation) a ni.
• Mu thei lo.
• Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) a ni a, a rilru a hah lutuk a, a rilru a buai em em bawk.
• Mihring nihna lama harsatna (personality disorders) a awm.
• Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) avanga harsatna awm thei a ni.
Schizoaffective natna (Schizoaffective disorder) a ni. Schizophrenia leh a kaihhnawih natna te.

Eng damdawi nge neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) thlen thei?

Damdawi chi hrang hrang `NMS` thlen thei a awm a. Eng nge an nih i han thlir teh ang.

Neuroleptic (antipsychotic) damdawi hman tlanglawn tak tak:

• Bromperidol a ni
• Chlorpromazine `(Chlorpromazine)` tih a ni
• Clopenthixol hmanga siam a ni
• Fluphenazine `(Fluphenazine)` tih a ni
• Haloperidol `(Haloperidol)` tih a ni
• Loxapine a ni
• Promazine a ni
• Thioridazine `(Thioridazine)` tih a ni
• Thiothixene hmanga siam a ni
• Trifluoperazine `(Trifluoperazine)` tih a ni

Atypical neuroleptic (antipsychotic) damdawi hman tur:

• Amisulpride a ni
• Aripiprazole a ni
• Clozapine a ni
• Olanzapine a ni
• Quetiapine a ni
• Risperidone a ni
• Ziprasidone a ni
• Zotepine a ni

Antiemetic damdawi thenkhat:

• Domperidone a ni
• Droperidol `(Droperidol)` tih a ni
• Metoclopramide hmanga siam a ni
• Prochlorperazine `(Prochlorperazine)` hmanga siam a ni
• Promethazine a ni

Dopaminergic (Parkinson’s) damdawi (hengte hi tihtawp nghal maiin):

• Amantadine a ni
• Dopamine agonists te hi a awm a
• Levodopa a ni
• Tolcapone a ni

He list hian hlauthawng suh. Heng damdawi ei zawng zawng hian NMS an nei vek dawn lo. Hei hi thil awm lo tak a ni. Mahse heng damdawi te hi i ei a nih chuan hei hi hriat chian a pawimawh hle.

NMS leh malignant hyperthermia hi eng nge an danglamna?

Malignant hyperthermia tih natna pawh i hre tawh mai thei. Tin, a rare, severe reaction a ni bawk. Mahse general anesthesia damdawi leh muscle relaxants vang a ni .

Tin, taksa ruh a tikhauh thei a, reflexes a tlahniam (hyporeflexia), vun a tidanglam thei bawk (blueness, redness). Heng symptoms te hi NMS symptoms nen a inang thei hle. Mahse, doctor-te chuan damlo medical history enin an pahnih hi an thliar hrang thei a ni. Chu chu tun hnaia anesthesia an tih emaw, neuroleptic damdawi an ei emaw tihna a ni.

NMS leh Serotonin Syndrome hi eng nge an danglamna?

Serotonin syndrome hi natna dang buaithlak tak a ni. Serotonergic class-a tel damdawi, antidepressant thenkhat, amphetamines, antihistamines, leh mood stabilizers te avanga lo awm a ni. A awlsam zawngin taksaah hian chemical serotonin an tih tam lutuk hian a thleng thin.

Serotonin syndrome symptoms te chu taksa ruh rigidity, hyperreflexia, diarrhea, thawk hah, muscle twitching (myoclonus), leh rilru dinhmun inthlak danglam te a ni. Mahse , NMS aiin serotonin syndrome-ah hian khawsik leh taksa ruh rigidity hi a tlem zawk tlangpui.

I doctor chuan i natna lan chhuah dan leh i damdawi ei turte a ngaihthlak avangin heng natna pahnih hi a thliar hrang ang.

Tute nge neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) vei?

NMS hi neuroleptic (antipsychotic) damdawi ei apiangah a awm thei.

`NMS` vei zinga hmun thuma ṭhena hmun hnih vel chu neuroleptic damdawi ei ṭan aṭanga kar hmasa berah a awm nia ngaih ni mah se, enkawl chhungin engtik lai pawhin he natna hi a awm thei tih hriat reng a pawimawh.

He `NMS` dinhmun hi engtiang chiahin nge a awm?

Dik tak chuan neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) hi a awm lo hle a ni. Neuroleptic damdawi ei thin zinga 0.01% leh 3.2% inkar ah a awm thin.

Mahse, thu lawmawm tak chu NMS thlen theihna tur hlauhawmna tlem zawk damdawi thar hman a nih vang te, doctor leh damlote’n he natna chungchanga an hriatna avang te hian NMS vei report an tlem chho zel a ni.

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) natna lan chhuahna chu engte nge ni?

`NMS` symptoms hi ni khat atanga ni thum chhungin a lang tan tlangpui . A lan chhuah dan ber chu:

• Khua a sang hle (102 atanga 104 degree Fahrenheit - 38.9 atanga 40 degree Celsius).
• Heart rhythm mumal lo (arrhythmia) a awm thin.
• Lung chakna (tachycardia) a sang .
• Thluak chakna (tachypnea) a sang .
• Muscle stiffness/stiffness `(thau rigidity)`.
• Rilru dinhmun inthlak danglam (buai, buai, hriatna hloh ang chi).
• Thisen sang emaw, thisen sang hniam emaw.
• Thaw hah lutuk.

Heng symptoms pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw i neih chuan, a bik takin neuroleptic damdawi i ei a nih chuan 911 call emaw, damdawi in hnai ber pan nghal emaw rawh. Hei hi medical emergency a ni.

Engtin nge neuroleptic damdawi hian `NMS` a thlen?

`NMS` dinhmun hi neuroleptic (antipsychotic) damdawi avanga lo awm a ni.Dose khata hman emaw, dose tihpun emaw, dose inang hman chhunzawm zel emaw pawhin a thleng thei. NMS hi first-generation antipsychotics nen inzawm ber mah se, a tlem zawkah chuan second-generation antipsychotics, antiemetics thenkhat, leh Parkinson natna atana hman dopaminergic damdawi te chu a rang lama tihtawp a nih pawhin a thleng thei bawk.

Scientist te chuan NMS thlentu dik tak chu an la chhui chhuak mek a ni. Tuna theory awm mek chu dopamine D2 receptor antagonism vang a ni tih a ni . Dopamine hi kan thluaka neurotransmitter a ni a. Cell inkara thuchah kengtu chemical a ni. Neuroleptic damdawi hian he dopamine messenger hi receptor bik hmanga cell chhunga lut lo turin a block a ni.

I hypothalamus leh/ emaw i spinal cord-a dopamine receptor te a block chuan muscle tension a sang chho thin. Tin, hypothalamus-a dopamine receptor tihbuai hi NMS-a hmuh theih khawsik sang leh thisen sang inthlak danglamna lian tak thlentu a ni.

Engtin nge neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) hi hmuhchhuah a nih?

Doctor-te’n NMS an hriat theih nan a hnuaia symptom emaw condition emaw zawng zawng hi i nei vek tur a ni :

• Neuroleptic damdawi i ei emaw, dopaminergic damdawi i ei tawh loh thut emaw a ni.
• Muscle tightness/tightness nasa tak i nei a (hei hian muscle rupture pawh a thlen thei).
• Khawsik sang tak i nei a.
• I rilru dinhmun a inthlak danglam a.

Chu bakah, a hnuaia mize pahnih tal chu a awm tur a ni:

• Thaw tam lutuk emaw, a danglam bik emaw.
• Chaw ei harsa.
• Zun emaw ek emaw control theih lohna (incontinence).
• Lung chakna (tachycardia) a sang.
• Vawikhatmah thusawi thei lo.
• Thisen sang sang emaw, a inthlak fo emaw.
• Thisen var zat (Leukocytosis) a pung.
• Muscle breakdown vangin creatine phosphokinase (CPK) level a sang.
• Reflexes slow emaw limited emaw (hyporeflexia) a awm.

`NMS` hriat theihna turin eng test nge tih thin?

I doctor chuan NMS i vei nia a rinhlelh chuan test tur a order thei a, chungte chu:

• Metabolic panel kimchang tak a awm.
• Urinalysis tih a ni.
• Arterial emaw venous emaw thisen gas test.
• Creatine phosphokinase (CPK) hmanga thisen test a ni.

Engtin nge neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) hi enkawl a nih?

NMS hi medical emergency a ni a. Chuvangin a natna hi hriat chian a, enkawlna tan thuai a pawimawh hle. NMS i neih chuan damdawi inah dah a ngai mai thei.Intensive care unit (ICU)-ah enkawlna i dawng a ngai dawn a ni.

`NMS` awm zawng zawngah chuan doctor-te chuan `NMS` thlentu neuroleptic (antipsychotic) damdawi chu an titawp nghal vek ang. Hei bakah hian `NMS` symptoms te an enkawl ang a, harsatna awm thei tur venna atan hma an la ang. Heng enkawlnate hi a hnuaia mi ang hian a ni thei:

• Mechanical ventilation, antiarrhythmic damdawi, leh/ emaw pacemaker hmanga cardiac leh respiratory stability vawn reng.
• Taksa chhunga electrolyte balance vawng reng tur, intravenous fluids (IV fluids) pek a ni.
• Cooling blanket, ice water, leh/ emaw ice pack hmanga taksa lumna tihhniam.
• Thisen sang a san chuan damdawi hmangin control tur a ni.
• Thisen zam lo tura damdawi heparin pek.
• Taksa a dopamine level hniam tak siam that thei damdawi pek.
• Muscle emaw skeletal relaxant pek.

`NMS` siam chhuahna atana risk factors awmte chu engte nge ni?

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) vei theihna tipungtu thil engemaw zat a awm a:

• Neuroleptic (antipsychotic) damdawi thar tan emaw, a dose tihpun emaw.
• Neuroleptic damdawi pakhat aia tam hman emaw, damdawi lithium hman emaw.
• Parkinson natna damdawi dopaminergic hman chu tihtawp nghal a ni.

`NMS` atanga dam leh theih nan eng chen nge a la ngai ang? (Prognosis) tih a ni.

NMS hi a hmaa hriatchhuah a nih a, rang leh dik taka enkawl a nih chuan mi tam zawk chu kar hnih atanga ni 14 chhungin an dam leh thin.

Mahse, enkawlna a tlai chuan harsatna nasa tak a awm thei a, chu chuan taksa ruh, kal, thinlung leh/ emaw lung a tichhe thei a ni.

Enkawl vat loh chuan NMS hi thihna thlen thei a ni. NMS vanga thihna hi 5% atanga 20% inkar a ni. Mahse, NMS chungchanga hriatna sang zawk leh antipsychotic damdawi thar zawk hman a nih avangin kum sawmhnih kalta chhung khan he thihna hi a tlahniam a ni.

Mi tam tak chuan doctor kaihhruaina hnuaiah neuroleptic (antipsychotic) damdawi chu hlawhtling takin an hmang leh thei a ni.

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) hian eng harsatna nge a thlen?

Vanduaithlak takin NMS natna hi a awm fo a, a na hle bawk. Complication thenkhat chu NMS leh autonomic nervous system dysfunction characteristic symptoms vang a ni a, thenkhat, a bik takin infection te hi intensive care unit (ICU)-a hun rei tak awm vang a ni thei bawk.

NMS avanga harsatna awm thei thenkhat chu:

• Rhabdomyolysis (muscle cells tihchhiat - hei hi complication awm tam ber a ni).
• Tui tlakchhamna (dehydration).
• Acute kidney tha lo a awm.
• Acute respiratory failure a awm thin.
• Epileptic natna/ seizures .
• Myocardial infarction a awm thin.
• Taksa pum puia thisen zam (Disseminated intravascular coagulation).
• Acute liver a chak loh vang a ni.
• Pneumonia natna (Pneumonia) a ni.
• Sepsis (thisen chhunga hrik lut).
• Zun kawng natna (UTI) a awm.
• Pulmonary embolism a awm thin.

Heng harsatnate hi a nasat em avangin nunna atana hlauhawm tak a nih avangin NMS natna lanchhuahna i neih chuan 911 call nghal a, damdawi in hnai ber pan a, damdawi lam pan a pawimawh hle. Hetah pawh hian NMS hi nunna atana hlauhawm emergency a nih avangin Intensive Care Unit (ICU)-ah enkawl a ngai thei bawk.

Engtikah nge ka doctor ka hmuh ang?

Neuroleptics (antipsychotics), antiemetics, leh/ emaw dopaminergic (Parkinson’s) damdawi pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw i ei a nih chuan i doctor hnenah a thawk tha em tih hriat chian a pawimawh hle. Tin, i damdawi ei tur side effects te leh eng symptoms nge i hriat tur tih te i doctor zawt bawk ang che.

`NMS` symptom ka neih chuan Emergency Department (ETU) ah ka kal tur em ni?

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) symptoms i neih chuan khawsik sang tak leh taksa ruh na tak tak i neih chuan 911 call emaw, damdawi in hnai ber pan nghal emaw a pawimawh. NMS hian damdawi lam pan vat a ngai a ni. Rang leh mumal taka enkawl loh chuan thihna hial a thlen thei a ni.

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) hi natna khirh tak, nunna atana hlauhawm tak a ni. Chuvangin symptoms i neih chuan a rang thei ang bera doctor pan a pawimawh hle. NMS hi a hmaa man a nih chuan enkawl a awlsam zawk hle. NMS hi a tlem hle nachungin, neuroleptic (antipsychotic) damdawi i ei a nih chuan i doctor emaw pharmacist emaw nen side effect leh symptoms fimkhur tur chungchang sawipui rawh. I tanpui turin an awm reng a ni.

He thuziak atanga kan zir chhuah pawimawh ber berte (Take-Home Message) .

Okay, chuvangin he `NMS`-a kan sawi tawh atang hian thil pawimawh tak tak i hriat nawn tir leh ang u:

• NMS hi neuroleptic damdawi avanga natna awm lo, mahse nunna atana hlauhawm thei a ni .
• Khawsik sang, taksa ruh na, leh rilru buai te hi a lan chhuah dan ber a ni.
• Heng symptoms zinga pakhat tal i hmuh chuan doctor thurawn la nghal rawh. Tikhawtlai suh.
• Neuroleptic damdawi i ei a nih chuan i doctor nen damdawi leh a side effects chungchang sawipui rawh. Zawhna zawh hreh suh.
• NMS hi a hmaa hriatchhuah leh enkawl a nih chuan a dam kim thei a ni.

He thu hian hriattirna i neih ngei kan beisei. Hrisel takin awm rawh!

` Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome, NMS, rilru lam damdawi, side effects, khawsik sang, taksa ruh nghet lo