I fa zunthlum vei a damloh hunah engtin nge i sugar control theih ang? (Diabetes Mellitus) Hemi chungchang hi han sawi ila!

I fain zunthlum a vei hian khawsik tenau emaw, khawsik emaw pawh phurrit lian tak a ni thei a ni lawm ni? Natna pangngai ang lo takin zunthlum vei naupangin a damloh chuan an thisen sugar level chu a inthlak danglam nghal thei a ni. Mahse, lungngai suh! I doctor hnen atanga ruahmanna tlem leh thurawn tlemte i dawn chuan heng natna ni te hi i enkawl tha thei ngei ang. A chipchiar deuh deuh hi han thlir ila.

Naupang damloh hian engtin nge taksa sugar level a inthlak thin?

Naupang a damloh chuan an taksa chu harsatna nasa tak hnuaiah a awm tihna a ni. Naupang zunthlum veiah chuan he stress hian an thisen sugar level chu sawi lawk loh takin a tidanglam thei a ni. A chang chuan sugar level a sang thei a, a chang chuan a tlahniam thei bawk.

Engvangin nge hetiang hian sugar level a san? (Hyperglycemia) tih a ni.

Naupang a damloh chuan, stress an neih avangin an taksa hian hormone thenkhat, `stress hormones` an tih chu a siam tam zawk thin. Heng hormone te hian thisen sugar level a tisang a. Tin, he huna naupangin insulin a ei hian hna a thawk tha lo thei bawk. A dik tak chuan insulin sensitivity a tlahniam thin. Tichuan, naupang chuan a hma aia tam insulin a mamawh mai thei. Khawsik emaw, khawsik emaw hian he natna hi a thlen thei a, chuvangin thisen sugar level sang (`Hyperglycemia`) chungchangah fimkhur a ngai a ni.

Tichuan, sugar level a tlahniam thei ang em? (Hypoglycemia) tih a ni.

Ni e, a dik tak zet. Natna \henkhatah chuan naupang chu chaw ei chak lohna te, pum na te, luak chhuak te, luak chhuak te a thlen thei a ni. Hei hian naupang chu a ei tlem phah thei a, a ei duh loh phah thei bawk. Chuvangin, naupang insulin ei hian a hma angin a ei tam lo a nih chuan an thisen sugar level chu a tlahniam nghal thei (`Hypoglycemia`). Hetih lai hian naupangin insulin a mamawh tlem zawk ang.

I fa chu a pum a na a, a luak chhuak a, engmah a ei lo ang tih han ngaihtuah teh. Ni khata a mamawh insulin i pek chuan a thisen sugar level chu ei tur tlakchham vangin a tlahniam lutuk thei a, hei hi a hlauhawm thei hle.

Engtin nge naupang damloh hmaa kan inbuatsaih theih ang?

"Inbuatsaihna hi damdawi tha ber a ni" tih thufing a awm. Hei hi zunthlum vei naupangin a damloh hunah pawh a pawimawh hle. He inbuatsaihna hian hlauthawng lovin hna thawk turin a pui ang che.

• I fa zunthlum enkawl dan tur hre rawh: I doctor hian i fa chu zunthlum a enkawl lai khan "Diabetes Care Plan" a pe che a ni mai thei. "Natna ni"-a tih tur chungchangah thupek chiang tak a nei a ni. Entirnan, insulin dose siamrem dan leh ketones check dan. Hei hi ngun takin chhiar la, hrethiam rawh.
• Glucose leh ketone test strip tam zawk dah la:I damloh chhung hian i thisen sugar leh ketone level i check fo a ngai dawn a ni. Chuvangin in lamah test strip extra thenkhat dah la, chutiang chuan i tlakchham loh nan. Minute hnuhnung berah hmanhmawh a ngai lo.
• Heng thilte hi kitchen-ah inpeih reng tur a ni:
• Sugar-free fluids: I fa damloh laia tui tlakchham loh nan a pawimawh hle. Tui tam tak dah la, chu chu tui, vawk chaw (oil tel lova siam), thlai chi, tea thlum loh, leh soda thlum loh te hi a ni.
• I thisen sugar level a tlahniam chuan sugary drinks pe rawh: I thisen sugar a tlahniam palh hlauh chuan regular soda (sugar awmna) leh thei tui (fresh a tha zawk) ang chi te chu pe thuai turin dah la.
• Special drinks: A chang chuan i doctor chuan sports drinks Pedialyte emaw Gatorade emaw a rawn rawt thei bawk. Chungte chuan taksaah chi (salt) mamawh a pe bawk.
• Pum tana ei tur rit lo: Chaw rit lo, ei awlsam tak tak, crackers, chhang, yogurt, leh porridge te chu i kutah dah la.
• Thermometer chu awlsam taka thlen theihna hmunah dah rawh: Hei hi i fa taksa lum leh vawt enfiah fo nan a pawimawh hle.

Ka fa a damloh hunah eng nge ka tih ang?

I fa a damloh chuan i kaihhruaina hmasa ber leh pawimawh ber chu i fate zunthlum enkawl dan tur a ni. Doctor thupek a ziah ang chiah chiah zawm rawh. Chu bakah, heng general tips te hian a pui bawk ang che:

• I thisen sugar level enfiah fo rawh: A tlangpui aia tam i check a ngai mai thei, darkar 2-3 danah i check fo mai thei. I doctor-in a hrilh che angin ti rawh.
• Insulin pek hi bansan suh: Hei hi a pawimawh hle! Naupangin chaw a ei lo a nih pawhin taksa sugar level a la sang thei tho a, chuvangin insulin a mamawh a ni. Mahse, a dose hi tihdanglam a ngai mai thei. Tipung mai thei, tihhniam pawh a ni mai thei. Doctor nen inbia la, thutlukna siam rawh. Doctor-te chuan naupang ``Type 2 Diabetes`` vei, nitin insulin ei ngai lote hnenah insulin pek an rawt thei bawk.
• Ketones awm leh awm loh enfiah: I fa zun emaw thisen emaw ah ketone awm leh awm loh enfiah rawh. Pum natna, luak chhuak leh luak chhuak te hi pum natna awlsam tak a ni thei a, a nih loh leh Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) an tih natna hlauhawm tak chhinchhiahna a ni thei bawk. Chuvang chuan ketone awm leh awm loh enfiah a pawimawh.
• Fluid intake fuih rawh: Dehydration ven nan i fa chu a tam thei ang ber fluid (sugar tel lo) pe thin ang che. Tlemte pek fo hi a tha ber.
• Damdawi pek dawnin fimkhur rawh: Damdawi lei theih loh thenkhatah chuan khuh leh khawsik damdawiah hian sugar a awm thei. Damdawi thenkhat hian thisen sugar level a tichhe thei bawk. Chuvangin i fa hnenah damdawi engmah i pek hmain i pharmacist emaw doctor emaw zawt hmasa phawt ang che .Chu damdawi chuan zunthlum a nghawng em, sugar a pai em?
• Engkim record rawh: Hei hi a pawimawh hle. I fate natna lan chhuah dan (khawsik, khuh, luak chhuak, etc.), damdawi pek leh a zat, a ei leh in, a rihna tihtlem, khawsik engzat nge a neih, thisen sugar level, ketone level, heng zawng zawng bakah hian lehkhabuah ziak vek rawh. Heng note te hi doctor tan chuan an enkawlnaah a \angkai hle ang.
• I fa chu chawlh hahdam tawk turin tanpui rawh: A damloh hunah taksa tan chawlh hahdam a pawimawh hle. I fa chu khelhpui, tlan, emaw, zuang emaw phal ai chuan, mut ṭhat leh chawlh hahdam tir rawh.

Engtikah nge Doctor i hmuh a ngaih?

A chang chuan i fa chu in lamah i enkawl thei a, a chang chuan doctor pan nghal a pawimawh. Heng symptoms te hi i neih chuan doctor ko nghal la emaw, i fa chu damdawi inah hruai la:

• Naupangin ei duhna a neih chuan ei leh in engmah a duh lo.
• Darkar hnih aia tam i luak chhuak reng emaw, i luak chhuak reng a nih chuan.
• I thisen sugar level a hniam hle (`Hypoglycemia`) a, sugar awmna thil nen pawh i control theih loh chuan.

Pawimawh: I fa thisen thlum a tlahniam a nih chuan i doctor i ko hmain emaw, damdawi in i kal hmain in lama damdawi (e.g., in tur thlum tak pek) te enchhin hmasa phawt ang che. I fa thisen sugar chu a pangngaia a lo kir leh loh chuan emergency room (Sri Lanka ramah kum 1990) ah call la , i fa chu damdawi in hnai ber ah hruai la.

• I thisen sugar level a sang reng (`Hyperglycemia`) a, i care plan angin insulin pek mahse a tlahniam lo a nih chuan .
• I zun emaw thisen emaw ah ketones level hniam emaw sang emaw i neih chuan.
• I fa hian `DKA (Diabetic Ketoacidosis)` (e.g., thawk rang, thei rimtui, mut tam lutuk, buai) symptoms a nei nia i hriat chuan.

Ngaihtuah nawn ngai suh, rinhlelhna tlemte pawh i neih chuan i doctor nen inbia ang che. Chu chu thil him ber a ni.

Eng thil dang nge kan hriat ngai? (Invenna chungchang pawh tlem tal)

I fa damloh laia enkawl a pawimawh ang bawkin, a hrisel thei ang bera awm tura tanpui a pawimawh bawk.

• I fate vaccine pek a hun takah: I fate vaccine zawng zawng chu a hun takah la vek rawh, a bik takin Pneumonia natna atana Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) te, kum tin flu shot te, leh a tling a nih chuan COVID-19 vaccine te. Hengte hian i fa chu natna tam tak lakah a venghim a ni.
• I fate kut sil fo turin zirtir rawh: Hripui darh tur venna tha ber chu an kut silfai hi a ni. I fain chaw a ei hma te, bathroom a hman zawh te, pawna a inkhelh zawhah te, sahbawn leh tuiin a kut a sil thin tur a ni.
• Damlote lakah inthiarfihlim rawh:Khawsik leh flu ang chi natna te hi a darh chak hle. Chuvangin i fa chu mi damlohna hmuna hruai loh tur a ni.

Heng zawng zawng atanga kan hriat reng tur (Take-Home Message) .

I fa zunthlum vei a damloh hunah tlem tal i fimkhur a ngai tih hi a dik a ni. Mahse chu chu i thunun thei lo tihna erawh a ni lo. A pawimawh ber chu hlauthawng lo tur a ni a, inbuatsaih lawk tur a ni.

• I fate zunthlum enkawl dan tur leh damlohna ni atana dan siamte chu hre chiang rawh.
• I thisen sugar leh ketone level te enfiah fo thin ang che.
• Insulin ei hi chawlhsan ngai suh (damdawi lam thurawn tel lo chuan).
• Naupang chu tui tam tak pe rawh.
• Eng thilah pawh rinhlelhna i neih chuan i doctor nena inbiak pawh hi tikhawtlai suh.

I hmangaihna, i ngaihsakna leh he hriatna hmang hian natna ni te chu i enkawl tha thei ngei ang a, i fa chu a dam thuai theih nan i pui thei ngei ang. Nangmah chauh i ni lo va, i medical team pawhin tanpui turin an awm reng bawk.

Zunthlum, naupang, natna, thisen sugar, insulin, ketones, DKA, hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, zunthlum enkawl dan tur ruahmanna, damlo ni dan tur