I fate thinlunga he dinhmun hmuh tur awm lo tak hi i hre chiang em? (Pulmonary Atresia) tih a ni.

Nausen piang thar en ai chuan lawmawm a awm lo. Mahse, a châng chuan chu naupang tê chu bawnghnute a pai laiin a tap ṭan a, a rawn sen thut chuan nu leh pa zawng zawng chu an hlauthawng vek a ni. Vawiin hian nau piang laia thinlung natna awm lo, mahse pawi tak, chutiang symptoms lantir thin chungchang kan sawi dawn a ni. Damdawi lamah chuan hei hi Pulmonary Atresia kan ti a. He hming i hriat hian hlauthawng suh. Tûn laia enkawlna hmasawn tak tak awm tawhte hmang hian he natna hi hlawhtling taka enkawl theih a ni. Hei hi a tir atang chauhvin i hrethiam ang u.

A awlsam zawngin, Pulmonary Atresia chu eng nge ni?

Hei hi hrethiam tur chuan kan thinlung hnathawh dan hi i hre hmasa phawt ang u. Kan thinlung hian pindan lian pali a nei a. Dinglam (right ventricle) a lower chamber hian oxygen tlachham, thianghlim lo chu lungah oxygen la turin a pump chhuak thin. He thisen hi lung lama phurtu thisen kalna kawngpui ber chu pulmonary artery a ni.

Ngaihtuah teh, thinlung ventricle dinglam leh he pulmonary artery inkarah hian gate ang chi hmun a awm a. Hei hi pulmonary valve kan ti a. He valve hi a inhawng a, a khar a, chu chuan lungah thisen a thawn chhuak thin.

Pulmonary atresia hi naute pum chhunga a seilian laiin pulmonary valve a lo thang tha lo a ni. A châng chuan, he valve hi membrane thuk takin a khuh vek thei bawk. Chumi awmzia chu ventricle dinglam atanga lung a thisen kalna kawngpui ber chu a inkhar vek tihna a ni.

He natna thinlung leh a chi hrang hrangte "Alternative pathways" te

He kawngpui lian hi a inkhar chuan engtin emaw takin lung hian a dam khawchhuah theih nan thisen engemaw zat a la a ngai a ni. Vanneihthlak takin naupai lai hian thinlung chhunga kawngpui "hun eng emaw chen" awm ṭhenkhat chu he hun lai hian nunna chhanhimtu angin an thawk a ni.

• Foramen Ovale: Thinlung chunglam pindan pahnih inkar khur te tak te. Hei hian oxygen tlachham thisen chu dinglam atanga veilamah a luang chhuak thei a ni.
• Ductus Arteriosus: Taksa a thisen phurtu main artery (aorta) leh lung lama thisen phurtu artery (pulmonary artery) inzawmna tenau tak a ni. Hemi hmang hian taksa atanga thisen tlemte chu lungah a luang leh thin.

Heng temporary passage te hi pian hnu ni engemaw zat chhunga khar mai hi thil pangngai a ni. Mahse, Pulmonary Atresia vei naute chu heng kawngte hi a inhawng reng chhung chauhvin a dam thei a ni. Chuvangin, naute a pian veleh doctor-te chuan heng kawng (a bik takin Ductus Arteriosus) te hi hawn reng turin damdawi an pe ang.

Pulmonary Atresia dinhmun hi kawng pawimawh pahnihin kan hmu thei.

1. Pulmonary Atresia with Intact Ventricular Septum (IVS): Hetah hian thinlung hnuai lam pindan pahnih (septum) inkar bang chu a kim vek a. Khur a awm lo. Mahse, hei vang hian ventricle dinglam hian thisen pumpna tur hmun a nei lo va, a lo thang tha lo fo va, a te hle bawk.

2. Pulmonary Atresia with Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD): Hetah hian pulmonary valve a block bakah hian thinlung hnuai lam chamber pahnih inkarah hian khur a awm a (Ventricular Septal Defect - VSD). He khur hian dinglam chamber atanga veilamah thisen a luang chhuak thei a, chuvangin dinglam chamber chu a pangngai aia lian deuh pawh a ni thei.

Naute hian heng chi hnih zingah hian eng chi nge a neih tih a zirin enkawl dan tur a ruat thin.

Nu leh pate hian eng symptom nge an zawn theih?

Heng symptoms te hi naute pian hnu darkar engemaw zat emaw, ni engemaw zat emaw chhungin a lang tlangpui. Damdawi inah hian doctor-te hian he thil hi an ngaihven hle nachungin, in i thlen hnua i hriat chian a pawimawh hle.

Engvangin nge ka naute chungah hetiang hian a lo awm? Risk factors te chu engte nge ni?

He zawhna hi nu leh pa zawng zawng rilruah a lo thleng thin. "Thil dik lo ka ti em?" I ngaihtuah mai thei. A hmasa berah chuan hei hi a chhan dik tak hriat a la ni lo. I sualna a ni lo. Naute naupai kar 8 hmasa bera thinlung a lo pian chhuah atanga lo awm, thil buaithlak tak, a hnathawh that lohna avanga lo awm a ni.

Mahse, thil engemaw zat hmuhchhuah a ni a, chu chuan he natna hi a thlen theihna, a nih loh leh a hlauhawmna chu tlem a tipung a ni.

• Genetic factors: Chhungkaw zinga mi (nu, pa) hian pianpui thinlung natna a neih chuan a hlauhawmna a sang deuh hlek a ni. Genetic condition thenkhat, DiGeorge’s syndrome ang chi nen pawh a inzawm thei bawk.
• Naupai laia nu hriselna: Nu hian naupai laiin zunthlum thunun theih loh a nei a.
• Naupai laia damdawi thenkhat ei: Damdawi thenkhat hman hian nausen chungah nghawng tha lo a nei thei (teratogenic). Chuvang chuan naupai lai hian doctor thurawn tel lova damdawi engmah ei loh tur a ni.
• Meizial zuk: Nuin naupai lai emaw, naupai hma emawa meizuk.
• Nu kum: Nu kum a san chhoh zel chuan heng nau piangsual chi hrang hrangte hi a pung deuh thei a ni.

Doctor-te hian engtin nge hei hi an hmuh?

Tuna technology hman mek hmang hian he natna hi a châng chuan naute pian hmain, chu chu naupai laiin hriat theih a ni .

• Naupai laiin: Ultrasound scan pangngaia i naute thinlungah thil danglam a awm a nih chuan, i doctor chuan scan bik , fetal echocardiogram tiin a refer thei che a ni. Hei hian i naute thinlung insiam dan leh a hnathawh dan chiang takin a hmu thei a ni.

Naute a pian hnuah doctor-in naute a enfiah laiin heart murmur danglam tak a hriat emaw, blue discoloration (cyanosis) a hmuh emaw chuan he natna hi finfiah turin test eng emaw zat an nei ang.

• Pulse Oximetry: Hei hi test awlsam tak, hrehawm lo tak a ni. Clip ang chi hmanrua te tak te chu naute ke ruh lianah hian bun a ni a, thisena oxygen awm zat a teh thin. Oxygen level a hniam chuan thinlung lam harsatna a awm tihna a ni.
• Chest X-ray: Chest X-ray hian lung chhunga thisen kal dan, a lian leh te, a pianzia leh a kal dan te chu a rough idea a pe thei a ni.
• Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG): Thinlung electric hnathawh dan chhinchhiahna test a ni. Hei hian heart muscle-a stress awm leh awm loh leh heartbeat rhythm inthlak danglamna a awm leh awm loh a enfiah thei a ni.
• Echocardiogram (‘Echo’ scan): Hei hi test pawimawh leh chiang ber a ni. Ultrasound scan ang chiah a ni. Thinlung chhunga thil awm zawng zawng, chamber te, valve te, thisen kalna kawng te, thisen kal dan te pawh chiang takin a hmu thei a ni. Pulmonary Atresia hi he test hmang hian a dik ber a ni.

Naute enkawlna tur engte nge ni?

He natna hi tihdam kim theih ni lo mah se, zai leh enkawlna dangte hian naute thinlunga thisen kal dan chu nasa takin a titha thei a, nun pangngaia an nun theih phah a ni. Enkawl dan tur ruahmanna hi naute hrang hrangah a inang lo.

Step khatna: Naute dinhmun nghet taka siam

Naute a pian veleh thil tum hmasa ber chu nunna chhanhimtu thisen kalna Ductus Arteriosus an tih chu hawn reng a, a khar loh nan a ni.

• Damdawi: Damdawi alprostadil an tih chu vein (IV) kaltlangin pek chhunzawm zel a ni. Hei hian temporary blood vessel chu a khar loh nan a veng a ni. Hei hian thisen chu lung chhunga kal theihna tur kawng dang a siam belh a ni.
• Thiltih dan dang: A chang chuan cardiologist-te chuan ke chhunga thisen kalna kawng (catheter) te tak te tak te hmangin thinlung lam pan a, Ductus Arteriosus chhungah mesh ang chi (stent) te tak te dahin a inhawng reng thin.

Step hnihna: Surgery tih dan tur

Vawi tam tak chu Pulmonary Atresia vei naute chu a dam chhung kum engemaw zat chhungin operation hrang hrang a neih a ngai thin. Heng surgery te hi vawi khatah tih vek theih a ni lo va, naute a lo thanglian zel angin stage hrang hrangah tih thin a ni.

Surgical procedure pathum tih dan tlangpui chu:

1. BTT Shunt (Surgery hmasa ber - kar hmasa berah): Hei hian taksaa thisen phurtu thisen kalna kawng lian ber branch pakhat leh lung lama thisen phurtu thisen kalna kawng inkara artificial tube (shunt) te tak te inzawmkhawm a ni. Hei hian lungah thisen nghet tak a pe a ni.

2. 2. A rilru a hah lutuk chuan a rilru a buai em em a.Glenn Procedure (second surgery - thla 4-8 vel): Naute chu a upa deuh deuh chuan a hmaa shunt dah kha lakchhuah a ni. Tichuan, taksa chunglam atanga oxygen tlachham thisen lo chhuak chu pulmonary artery nen direct-in a inzawm ta a ni. Hei hian thinlunga hnathawh tur chu nasa takin a ti tlem a ni.

3. Fontan Procedure (surgery pathumna leh hnuhnung ber - kum 2-4 vel): Hemiah hian taksa hnuai lam atanga thisen deoxygenated chu pulmonary artery nen direct-in a inzawm bawk. He surgery zawh hian thisen kal dan chu siamrem a ni a, taksa atanga thisen deoxygenated zawng zawng chu lung dinglamah kal lovin, lungah direct-in a kal vek a ni.

Heng surgery neih zawh hian naute chu damdawi inah, intensive care unit (ICU)-ah, ​​kar khat emaw kar hnih emaw chhung a awm a ngai dawn a ni.

Operation hnua nun hi engtin nge a awm?

Hetiang surgery neih zawh hnu hian naupang chu sikul kal theiin a pangngaiin a khel thei tawh dawn a ni. Mahse, hei hi dam chhung zawnga damdawi lam enkawlna ngai dinhmun a ni.

• Medical check-up neih fo: Cardiologist hnenah follow-up appointment neih fo tur a ni. Kum khatah vawi khat tal echo scan leh ECG ang chi test i neih a ngai dawn a ni.
• Harsatna: Hun a kal zel a, arrhythmia, thin lam harsatna, leh heart failure te ang chi harsatna a awm thei a ni. Hei vang hian regular checkup neih a pawimawh.
• Infection laka invenna: Heng naupangte hian thinlung chhunga natna hrik awm, endocarditis an vei theihna a sang hle. Chuvangin, damdawi lam thil thenkhat, ha lakchhuah ang chi, natna hrik laka invenna atana antibiotics ei a ngai em tih doctor hnenah zawt hmasa phawt tur a ni.
• Hnathawh tur: I doctor nen inbia la, i fain eng exercise leh sports nge a tih theih leh tih theih loh chu i rel tur a ni.

I fain he natna hi a vei tih i hriat huna i rilru natna, hlauhna, leh mangang tak takte chu thuin a sawi thei lo. Mahse, nangmah chauh i ni lo tih hre reng ang che. Doctor leh nurse thiam tak tak team lian tak chuan i fa enkawlna tha ber pe turin an inpe a ni. Zawhna emaw, ngaihtuahna emaw i neih chuan i doctor nen sawiho rawh.