He aha te mea e pā ana ki ō kanohi? He raruraru tō tirohanga? Me kōrero tātou mō te mate roro whatu!

He mamae ō kanohi i ētahi wā? He ahua pōuri rānei tō tirohanga? Kāore pea koe e kite mārama i ngā tae? Mena kei te pāngia koe e ēnei āhuatanga, ko tētahi o ngā take pea he mate e kiia nei ko te Optic Neuritis . Kaua e manukanuka, ka kōrerohia tēnei e mātou i roto i tētahi huarahi māmā e mārama ai koe.

He aha te Neuritis Optic? He māmā noa iho...

Whakaarohia, kei waenganui i ō tātou kanohi me tō tātou roro tetahi mea e rite ana ki te waea waea. Ka karangatia tēnei ko te io whatu . Ko tēnei io te mea e kawe ana i ngā mea e kitea ana e tātou mai i ō tātou kanohi ki tō tātou roro, ā, ka mārama tātou, "Āe, koinei taku e kite nei." Inaianei, he hipoki tiaki kei te taha o tēnei io whatu. He rite ki te hipoki kirihou e karapoti ana i tētahi waea hiko. Ka karangatia tēnei e ngā tākuta ko te hipoki myelin . Mena he take kua pakaru, kua mumura rānei tēnei hipoki myelin, kāore ngā karere i runga i taua waea waea e tika ana te haere, ā, ka motuhia ngā tohu e haere ana mai i te kanohi ki te roro. Koinei te mea e karangatia ana ko te Optic Neuritis . He kupu ngāwari noa iho, he mate io tēnei (`(Neuropathy)`) e puta ana i roto i te io whatu. Koinei te take e puta ai ngā mea pēnei i te mamae o te kanohi me ngā huringa tirohanga.

He aha ngā momo matua o te Neuritis Optic?

E toru ngā momo matua o tēnei: ​​1. Te Neuritis Whatu Tūturu: Kotahi noa te kanohi ka pā ki tēnei. Ka ora ētahi tāngata i roto i ētahi rā, kāore he maimoatanga. Heoi, e ai ki ngā tohunga he pai ake te rapu maimoatanga mō ētahi atu take. 2. Te Neuritis Whatu Tūturu: Ka pā tēnei momo ki ngā kanohi e rua. Waihoki, he roa te wā e ora ai. Kua kitea e ngā rangahau he hononga tēnei ki ētahi atu mate pūnaha io uaua. 3. Te Neuritis Whatu Tamariki: E ai ki te ingoa, koinei te momo e puta ana i roto i ngā tamariki nohinohi. Ahakoa he rite ngā momo e rua, he rerekētanga nui. Engari ko te rongo pai he nui ake te tūponotanga o te ora o tēnei momo.

He pēhea te noa o tēnei āhuatanga?

Ae, he mate noa te whatu neuritis. Hei tauira, i te Hononga o Amerika anake, e kīia ana e 5 i roto i te 100,000 ngā kēhi hou o tēnei mate ka puta i ia tau. Nō reira, he mea tino nui kia mōhio ki tēnei.

He aha ngā tohu o te Neuritis Optic?

Ko ngā tohu e puta ana i tēnei mate e pā ana ki ō kanohi me tō tirohanga. I te nuinga o te wā, ko ēnei tohu ka puta mai i ngā pānga "Retrobulbar" e puta ana i muri i te karu o te kanohi. Kia tirohia tātou he aha ēnei tohu:

• Mamae kanohi : Tata ki te 90% o te hunga e pāngia ana e te mate roro whatu ka pāngia e tēnei mamae. Ka tino kaha te mamae ina nekehia ngā kanohi.Heoi, i roto i te momo rerekē kua whakahuatia i runga ake nei, ka taea e ia te memeha atu me te kore mamae.
• Te Ngaronga o te Tirohanga: Ko te tikanga tēnei kāore e taea e koe te kite mārama, koi hoki i ngā mea. Ka nui ake te kino o tēnei i roto i ngā tamariki nohinohi e pāngia ana e te mate io optic neuropathy.
• Ngā Hapa o te Mara Tirohanga, te Ngaronga rānei o te Tirohanga : Koinei te wā ka ngaro tetahi wāhanga o tō whānuitanga tirohanga katoa. He rite ki te kore e taea e koe te kite i waenganui o te pikitia. I roto i te neuritis whatu, ko te wāhi ngaro o te tirohanga kei waenganui tonu o tō mara tirohanga.
• Matapo tae (Dyschromatopsia): Ka whakaitihia tō kaha ki te wehewehe i ngā tae. Tērā pea ka raru koe ki te wehewehe i te whero.

He aha tātou ka pāngia ai e te Neuritis Optic? He aha ngā take?

Ko te tino take o te neuritis whatu ko te mumura e kino ai te io whatu. He maha ngā take pea mō tēnei mumura.

1. Ngā Āhuatanga Ārai Mate me te Mumura

E whakapae ana ngā kairangahau ko ngā mate pūnaha ārai mate (te whakaekenga a te pūnaha ārai mate o tō tātou tinana i ō tātou ake pūtau) tētahi o ngā tino take. Ka rerekē pea ngā mate pūnaha ārai mate e pā ana i runga i te momo o te neuritis whatu.

• Te Neuritis Whatu Noa: He maha ngā wā ka honoa tēnei ki tētahi āhuatanga e kiia nei ko te Multiple Sclerosis (MS) . I ētahi wā, ko te neuritis whatu te tohu tuatahi o te MS. Kua kitea tata ki te 50% o te hunga e pāngia ana e te neuritis whatu noa ka pāngia e te MS i roto i ngā tau 15.
• Te neuritis whatu koretake: E pā ana tēnei ki ngā āhuatanga e kiia nei ko te neuromyelitis optica (NMO) me te mate e pā ana ki te paturopi-MOG (MOGAD) . I te tīmatanga, i whakaarohia ko te MS, te NMO, me te MOGAD te mate kotahi. Heoi, i kitea i muri mai ko te NMO me te MOGAD he momo paturopi motuhake e puta mai ana.

2. Ngā mate urutā

Ka taea e ngā mate te pakaru o ō tātou io. Kāore he rerekētanga o te io whatu. Ko ngā mate te tino take o te neuritis whatu, inā koa i roto i ngā tamariki nohinohi. E whā ngā momo matua o ngā mate ka puta ai ngā mate:

• Ngā mate huaketo : He tino take ēnei o te mate pūkahukahu kanohi, inā koa i te tamarikitanga. Hei tauira:
• Ngā take o te rewharewha, te herpes zosterHuaketo `(Huaketo Varicella-zoster)`
• Huaketo Herpes simplex momo 1 me te 2
• Cytomegalovirus `(Cytomegalovirus)`
• Te huaketo HIV `(HIV)`
• Ngā huaketo e kawea ana e te namu
• Ngā mate huaketo o te tamarikitanga pērā i te rewharewha
• Ngā mate kitakita : He maha ngā wā ka horapa ēnei ki te tangata mai i ngā kararehe, i ngā pepeke rānei. Hei tauira:
• Te kirika o te ngeru
• Te mate Lyme, e tukuna ana e ngā puruhi
• Te mate kohi
• Te Syphilis
• Ngā mate harore : Ka taea hoki e ēnei te whakararu i te whatu optic neuritis. Ngā tauira:
• Cryptococcus neoformans `(Cryptococcus neoformans - cryptococcosis)`
• Ngā momo Candida (candidiasis)
• Histoplasma capsulatum `(Histoplasma capsulatum - histoplasmosis)`
• Ngā momo Aspergillus `(Aspergillus - aspergillosis)`
• Ngā mate pirinoa: Ka taea te hora i ēnei mai i ngā mōkai, inā koa ngā ngeru me ngā kurī. Hei tauira:
• Toxoplasma gondii (toxoplasmosis) mai i ngā ngeru
• Toxocara canis mai i ngā kurī (Toxocara canis - toxocariasis)

3. Ngā Tarukino me ngā Paitini

Ka taea e ngā rongoā me ētahi atu rongoā te whakararu i ngā io i ētahi wā. Hei tauira:

• Ngā rongoā mō ngā mate pāwera: `(Ethambutol)`, `(Chloramphenicol)`, `(Isoniazid)` me ngā paturopi momo-Sulfa`
• Ngā rongoā mō ngā mate manawa o te ngākau: `(Amiodarone)`, `(Digoxin)`
• Ngā rongoā momo-quinine e whakamahia ana mō te malaria: Chloroquine, Hydroxychloroquine
• Ngā rongoā ārai matepukupuku: `(Methotrexate)`, `(Vincristine)`, `(Tamoxifen)`
• Ngā hua tupeka me ngā hua kei roto he nikotīni
• Waipiro, methanol rānei (e kiia ana i ētahi wā ko te "waipiro rakau")

4. Ētahi atu Take

He maha atu anō ngā take ka pā ki tēnei:

• Te whakahekenga o te toto (Ischemia): Ki te kore e nui te toto e whiwhihia ana e te io whatu, kāore pea ōna pūtau e mahi tika, ā, ka pakaru pea.
• Te korenga o ngā huaora: Ka taea e te korenga o ngā huaora B, inā koa te huaora B12, te whakararu i ngā io tuturu, kino hoki.
• Te Pehitanga o te Io:Ka pā te kino me te mumura ina pēhia te io whatu e tetahi mea. Tērā pea nā ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te pukupuku me te hydrocephalus tēnei.
• Ngā Āhuatanga Pūmua: Ngā mate pēnei i te Mate Huka Momo 2. Ka piki ake te mōrearea o te pakaru o te io whatu i te haere whakamua o te mate huka. Ka nui ake tēnei mōrearea mēnā he teitei te taumata huka toto.

I ētahi wā, ka puta te mate neuritis whatu , engari kāore i te kitea te take (idiopathic) .

Ko wai te hunga ka nui ake te tūponotanga ki te pāngia e te Neuritis Optic? (Ngā āhuatanga mōrearea)

Tērā pea ētahi āhuatanga ka whakanui ake i tō tupono ki te whakawhanake i tēnei mate. Me titiro tātou ki ēnei āhuatanga:

• Ira Tangata: He nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā wāhine ki te pāngia e te mate neuritis whatu noa i ngā tāne, engari he nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā tāne ki te pāngia e te momo rerekē.
• Tau: Ko te momo noa ka pā ki te hunga i waenga i te 20 me te 40 tau te pakeke. Ko te momo rerekē ka pā ki te hunga kei raro iho i te 18 tau te pakeke, neke atu rānei i te 50 tau te pakeke. Ko te momo tamariki ka pā ki te hunga kei raro iho i te 10 tau te pakeke.
• Iwi: He nui ake te tūponotanga o te hunga Pākehā ki te pāngia e te neuritis whatu. Ka pā anō hoki te iwi ki te pānga o te MS ki te tangata whai neuritis whatu. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau he iti ake te tūponotanga o te hunga Āhia ki te pāngia e te MS i muri i te neuritis whatu.
• Te wāhi e noho ana koe: Ka pā pea te wāhi e noho ana koe ki tō tupono ki te whakawhanake i te MS. Ko te hunga e noho ana i tawhiti atu i te ekueta he paku teitei ake te tupono ki te whakawhanake i te MS. E whakaaro ana ngā tohunga he mea pea tēnei nā te pānga o te rā me/ranei ngā taumata huaora D.
• Te whai i tētahi atu mate pūnaha ārai mate: Ko te hunga whai mate pūnaha ārai mate pēnei i te lupus erythematosus, te sarcoidosis, me te mate a Behçet he nui ake te mōrearea ki te whakawhanake i te optic neuritis.

He aha ngā raruraru ka pā mai i tēnei?

Ko te raruraru matua ko te ngaronga o te tirohanga. Ka taea e tō tākuta kanohi te kōrero atu ki a koe mō ētahi atu raruraru pea i runga i tō āhua.

Me pēhea te tātaritanga a ngā tākuta i te mate neuritis whatu? (Tauātanga)

Ka tirohia e te tākuta kanohi ō tohumate, tō hītori hauora, me te mea kei a koe ētahi atu āhuatanga ka puta ai te mate neuritis whatu hei whakatau i te mate. He wāhanga nui o tēnei tukanga te whakamātautau kanohi . Kei roto pea i tēnei whakamātautau:

• Te Mataaratanga o te Tirohanga
• Mara Tirohanga
• Te kaha ki te kite i te tae
• Ngā Whakaata o ngā Ākonga
• Whakamātautau Rama Kutikuti

Ka taea hoki te whakahaere i ēnei whakamātautau i te tīmatanga:

• Ngā Pūmanawa Whakaoho Ataata
• Tomography Whārite Whatu (OCT)

Mena kei te whakaatu mai ēnei whakamātautau he mate pūkahukahu kanohi pea tōu, ka tukuna koe e tō tākuta kanohi ki tētahi tohunga. He tākuta roro pea tēnei, he tākuta kanohi rānei e tohunga ana ki ngā mate o te retina me te io whatu (neuro-ophthalmologist).

Ētahi atu whakamātautau

He whakamātautau tino nui te matawai MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging - MRI Scan) hei tātaritanga i te neuritis whatu. Ka whakamahia e tēnei matawai he wai motuhake e kiia nei ko te "Contrast", e whakaatu ana i ngā huringa o te kiko kia kitea ake. Mena he neuritis whatu tōu, ka kanapa ake te āhua o te io whatu kua pāngia i te io hauora. He mea nui te MRI nā te mea ka taea e ia te kite i ngā whara o te roro . Ka taea e ēnei te tohu matua mēnā he MS tōu. Ka taea hoki e te MRI te kite i ētahi atu kino o te io whatu me/ranei te taurakira, pērā i ngā mate pēnei i te NMO, te MOGAD rānei. He maha anō hoki ngā whakamātautau taiwhanga ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta. He maha ngā wā ka mahia ēnei hei:

• Tērā pea i puta te mate neuritis optic i te mate pukupuku.
• Mena ka whakaatuhia e te MRI he kino, he MS, he NMO, he MOGAD rānei, tērā pea.
• Mena he rite ake ō tohumate ki te NMO, ki te MOGAD rānei i te MS.

Ko ngā whakamātautau taiwhanga he whakamātautau toto me te mimi. Ka taea e ēnei te rapu i ngā tohu o te mate urutā, i ngā paturopi ārai mate rānei (ina koa ko ngā paturopi e tohu ana i te NMO, i te MOGAD rānei). Ka taea hoki e te pokanga lumbar, te tap tuaiwi rānei te rapu i ngā tohu o te mate urutā, i ētahi atu huringa rānei i roto i te wai cerebrospinal (CSF).

Me pēhea te rongoā i te Neuritis Optic?

E rua ngā momo maimoatanga matua: 1. Ngā rongoā ārai-mumura ā-uaua (IV) (Steroids): Ka āwhina ēnei rongoā ki te whakaiti i te mumura me te whakawhāiti i te kino ki te io whatu. Ka taea e tēnei te āwhina ki te whakaiti i te mamae me te whakaora i te tirohanga. Ko te maimoatanga noa ko te hoatu ki a koe he horopeta nui o ngā steroids ā-uaua, ā-waha rānei mō ngā rā e toru ki te rima. Whai muri i tēnā, ka hoatu pea e tō tākuta he horopeta iti o ngā steroids ā-waha hei whakamahi tonu. (He mea nui kia tangohia te rongoā kia rite ki te whakahaunga, nā te mea ka whakaitihia haeretia te horopeta o te rongoā ā-waha.) 2. Te rongoā i te take pūtake, te take whai wāhi rānei: He rerekē ēnei maimoatanga. Hei tauira, te hoatu paturopi mō te mate kitakita, mēnā rānei ka whakaūhia e ngā whakamātautau he mate pūnaha ārai mate tōu pērā i te NMO, te MOGAD rānei, ka taea te whakamahi i te plasma exchange (PLEX) hei whakaiti i te mahi a te pūnaha ārai mate.Ngā maimoatanga pēnei i te. Tērā pea ka pāngia te maimoatanga e whiwhi ana koe e ētahi atu āhuatanga. Ko tō tākuta kanohi, ko tō kaiwhakarato hauora rānei te tangata pai hei kōrero atu mō ō kōwhiringa, ngā pānga taha, ngā raruraru, me ētahi atu taipitopito me mōhio koe.

Ka taea e tātou te ārai i tēnei mate e kiia nei ko te Optic Neuritis?

He maha ngā wā ka puta te mate pūkahukahu me te kino o ngā io i ngā take ohorere. Ahakoa he mea ka taea e koe te mahi hei whakaiti i tō mōrearea, kāore he huarahi hei ārai i ngā take katoa. Anei ētahi mahi ka taea e koe te mahi:

• Āta karohia, mutu rānei te whakamahi i ngā hua tupeka (tae atu ki te vaping me te tupeka kore auahi).
• Me rapu maimoatanga i mua i te horapa o te mate ki ngā io whatu.
• Whakamahia ngā rongoā i tohua e te tākuta kia rite tonu ki te mea i tohua, ā, kati rawa te tango i ngā rongoā me te kore he tohutohu a te tākuta.
• Whakatairangahia te kai totika hei ārai i te korenga o ngā huaora.
• Kia taurite te inu waipiro, ā, kia karohia ngā matū paitini pēnei i te methanol.
• Whakahaerehia ngā āhuatanga autoimmune, mumura rānei o mua.

He aha ngā mea ka taea e koe te tumanako mēnā kei a koe te Optic Neuritis?

Ka rerekē ngā mea ka taea e koe te tumanako i runga i te momo o te neuritis whatu kei a koe. He mea noa te mamae me te ngaronga o te tirohanga, ā, ka pā ki tētahi, ki ngā kanohi e rua rānei. He mahi uaua te tātaritanga o te neuritis whatu, ā, ka pōuri pea koe i te wā e mahi ana koe. Kia mahara ehara koe i te mea ko koe anake. Ina kōrero koe ki tō tākuta mō ō āwangawanga, ka mōhio pea ia me whakamanawa, me whakatenatena rānei koe. Kāore he hē ki te kōrero ki tō tākuta kanohi, ki ētahi atu kaiwhakarato hauora rānei me hiahia koe ki taua momo tautoko.

Kia pēhea te roa o te mate o te neuritis optic?

Ko te roa o tēnei ka whakawhirinaki ki te momo, te maimoatanga e whiwhi ana koe, me te angitu o taua maimoatanga.

• He raruraru poto noa te neuritis whatu . Ka memeha te mamae i roto i ētahi rā (i roto rānei i ngā wiki), ā, ka taea e te maimoatanga te tere ake. Ka hoki mai te nuinga o te tangata ki te mārama, ki te koi, me te tirohanga tae. E rua wiki noa iho, e toru marama rānei te roa.
• Ka nui ake te kino o te neuritis whatu rerekē , ā, ka roa ake ngā pānga, inā koa mēnā kāore e rongoatia. Tērā pea ētahi tāngata kāore e kite i te hokinga mai o ō rātou tirohanga mō ngā wiki e ono, neke atu rānei, ā, ka roa pea. Koia te mea nui kia mōhio wawe ki tēnei mate, kia rapu maimoatanga ai.

He aha te tirohanga mō tēnei āhuatanga?

He rerekē te tirohanga mō te neuritis whatu, inā koa kei runga i te momo kei a koe:

• Ngā mate pūngāwerewere whatu noa:Tata ki te 90% o te tangata ka hoki anō ki te tirohanga noa, tata rānei ki te tirohanga noa i roto i ngā marama 6 ki te 12. Tērā pea ka puta ngā raruraru tirohanga mō te wā roa, engari he onge. He whai hua te maimoatanga hei whakaiti i te mumura mā roto i ngā uaua mēnā ka tīmata wawe.
• Te neuritis whatu koretake: Ka rerekē pea te tirohanga mō tēnei momo i runga i te take matua. I te nuinga o te wā, ka kino haere te tirohanga ina whakaroahia te maimoatanga.
• Te Neuritis o te Kanohi o ngā Tamariki: Ko te tirohanga whānui mō te neuritis o te kanohi i roto i ngā tamariki nohinohi he pai ake i ngā pakeke. He iti ake te tūponotanga ka pāngia ngā tamariki e ngā pānga roa mai i te neuritis o te kanohi. Heoi, pērā i ngā pakeke, kei te tūpono tonu ko te neuritis o te kanohi te tohu whakatūpato tuatahi o te MS. Mena ka puta te neuritis o te kanohi i te tamarikitanga, ko te tūponotanga kia kitea he MS i roto i te 40 tau he tata ki te 26%.

Nā te hononga i waenga i te neuritis whatu me ētahi atu mate, ka tukuna pea koe e tō tākuta kanohi ki tētahi tohunga roro, ki tētahi tohunga rheumatology, ki ngā mea e rua rānei. Ka taea e ēnei tohunga te tirotiro mō ngā tohu o te MS, ngā mate rite rānei. Mā tēnei aroturuki ka āwhina i te tautuhi wawe i ēnei mate. He mea nui tēnei nā te mea he maimoatanga kei reira hei whakahaere i te haere whakamua o ēnei mate.

Mena kei a au te mate roro whatu ināianei, i mua rānei, me pēhea taku tiaki i a au anō?

Ki te whakapae koe he mate pūkahukahu ōu, me toro atu koe ki tētahi tākuta kanohi. Ka taea e ia te tātaritanga i te mate me te mahi i ngā mahi tuatahi hei tīmata i te maimoatanga. Ka taea hoki e ia te tuku i a koe ki tētahi tākuta roro, tākuta rumatiki, ki tētahi atu tohunga rānei hei āwhina i te rongoā i te mate. Ko te wawe o te tātaritanga me te tīmatanga o te maimoatanga, ka nui ake ō tupono ki te angitu.

Āhea ahau me toro atu ki taku tākuta, me rapu tohutohu hauora rānei?

Me toro atu ki te tākuta kanohi mēnā ka kite koe i ētahi panonitanga o tō tirohanga, inā koa te hekenga o te tirohanga. Mēnā ka ngaro ohorere tō tirohanga, ā, kāore he tātaritanga hei whakamārama i tēnā, me tere tonu te tiaki hauora. Mēnā he mate tōu ka pāngia e te ngaronga ohorere o te tirohanga (pēnei i te migraine), mā tō tākuta kanohi, mā tētahi atu kaiwhakarato hauora rānei koe e kī atu āhea koe e rapu tiaki hauora ohorere. I muri i te tātaritanga o tō mate whatu neuritis, ka tūtohu tō tākuta kanohi (me ētahi atu kaiwhakarato hauora, mēnā kua tukuna koe) kia haere tonu ki te tirotiro. I aua haerenga, ka taea e rātou te aroturuki i tō āhua me ō tohumate, me te whakarerekē i tō maimoatanga mēnā e tika ana.

He MS tonu te tikanga o te Optic Neuritis?

Kāore, kāore e tupu tonu. Engari, ki te mea he mate pūkahukahu kanohi tōuHe tino tiketike te mōrearea o te whakawhanake i te sclerosis maha.

Hei whakamutunga, ētahi mea hei maumahara māu (Karere hei tango ki te kāinga)

He mate mamae, he mate morearea hoki te neuritis whatu. Heoi anō, nā te rangahau whānui i ngā tekau tau tata nei, kua tino rite ngā tākuta kanohi me ētahi atu kaiwhakarato hauora ki te rongoā i tēnei mate.

Ki te puta mai ngā tohu o te mate pūkahukahu kanohi, me toro atu ki tētahi tohunga kanohi tonu. Mā te tere o te tautuhi i te mate, me te tīmatanga o te maimoatanga, ka nui ake te tūponotanga ka pai te hua.

Mena kei te hono tō mate pūkahukahu kanohi ki tētahi mate mau tonu pērā i te sclerosis maha, te mate neuromyelitis optica spectrum, te mate rānei e pā ana ki te paturopi MOG, ka taea hoki te āwhina i te tautuhi me te rongoā wawe i tēnei mate. He maimoatanga kei reira mō ēnei mate ka taea te whakahaere i tō rātou whanaketanga, ā, ka taea e ēnei maimoatanga te āwhina i a koe ki tō oranga o ia rā me ngā mahi ā muri ake nei. Nō reira, kaua e mataku, kia kaha, me te tiki i ngā tohutohu hauora e tika ana.