Kia ako tātou i ngā mea katoa mō te Repe Pituitary: te "rangatira" iti o tō tinana!

Kua whakaarohia e koe he repe iti i roto i tō tinana, pērā i te miihini o te motuka, e whakahaere ana i tō tinana katoa? Kāore i te mīharo? Ko tēnei repe iti, he iti nei pērā i te pī, kei raro i tō tātou roro, e mahi ana i ngā mahi whakamiharo maha, e kiia ana ko te repe pituitary . Me kōrero taipitopito tātou mō tēnei 'rangatira' iti i tēnei rā, āe?

He aha te repe pituitary? Kei hea tōna wāhi?

Ki te kī ngāwari, he repe iti tō repe pituitary te rahi, he rite te rahi ki te pī, kei te pūtake o tō roro, i raro noa i tētahi atu wāhanga nui e kiia nei ko te hypothalamus . Kei roto i tētahi rūma iti, tiakina kei te pūtake o tō roro. Ka kiia tēnei rūma ko te Sella Turcica . He wāhanga tēnei o tō pūnaha endocrine . Ka hangaia e ia ētahi momo homoni he mea nui mō ō tātou tinana, ā, ka kī atu ki ētahi atu repe endocrine kia tukuna ēnei homoni. He iti, engari he mahi nui tāna, tika?

Tērā pea kei te whakaaro koe he aha te repe me ngā homoni.

Ko te repe he okana e whakaputa ana i tētahi, i ētahi atu matū rānei, pērā i ngā homoni, ngā wai nakunaku, te werawera, me ngā roimata. Ka tukuna tika ngā homoni e ngā repe endocrine ki roto i te toto.

He rite ngā homoni ki ngā karere matū e whakarite ana i te mahi a ō tātou tinana. Ka haere rātou i roto i te toto, ka kawe karere ki ngā whekau, ki te kiri, ki ngā uaua, me ētahi atu kiko. Mā ēnei karere ka tohutohu te tinana ki te aha me mahi, me te wā hoki e tika ai.

E rua ngā wāhanga matua o tō repe pituitary: ko ​​te pituitary o mua ( te pū o mua) me te pituitary o muri ( te pū o muri). E honoa ana tēnei repe ki te hypothalamus e tētahi kakau iti o ngā uaua toto me ngā io e kiia nei ko te kakau pituitary, ko te infundibulum rānei.

Ko ēhea ngā homoni tino nui e whakaputaina ana e te repe pituitary?

Kia titiro tātou inaianei ki ngā homoni nui e puta mai ana i tēnei repe iti.

Ngā homoni mai i te Lobe o mua

Ka whakaputa, ka tuku hoki tēnei wāhanga i ngā homoni nui ki roto i te toto.

• Te homoni adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) te corticotrophin rānei: Ka pā tēnei ki te āhua o te urupare a ō tātou tinana ki te ahotea . Ka whakaoho i ō repe adrenal ki te whakaputa i te "hormone ahotea" cortisol . He maha ngā mahi a te Cortisol. Hei tauira, ka whakahaere i te pākia o te tinana , ka pupuri i te toto toto tiketike , ka whakahaere i ngā taumata huka toto , ā, ka whakaiti i te mumura .
• Te homoni whakaoho-pūmua (FSH):Mena he tāne koe, ka whakaoho te FSH i te whakaputanga o te parāoa. Mena he wahine koe, ka whakaoho te FSH i ngā ovaries ki te whakaputa i te estrogen , e āwhina ana hoki i te pakari o ngā hua manu. Ka kiia hoki ko te homoni gonadotrophic .
• Homoni tipu (GH): Ka āwhina tēnei i ngā tamariki ki te tipu, arā, ka roa ake rātou. Mō ngā pakeke, ka āwhina i te pupuri i ngā uaua me ngā wheua hauora me te whakahaere i te penapena ngako. Ka pā hoki te GH ki tō pākia o te tinana (te huarahi e huri ai koe i te kai e kainga ana e koe hei pūngao).
• Homoni Luteinizing (LH): Ka whakaoho i te whakaputanga o te hua manu mēnā he ovaries tōu, ā, ka whakaoho i te hanga testosterone mēnā he testicles tōu. He homoni gonadotrophic anō hoki te LH nā te mea ka whakahaere i te mahi a ngā ovaries me ngā testicles (e kiia ana ko ngā gonads ).
• Prolactin: Ka whakaoho tēnei i te whāngai ū i muri i te whānautanga. Ka pā anō hoki ki te momonatanga me te mahi ā-ira tangata o ngā pakeke.
• Te homoni whakaohooho tairoiti (TSH): Ka whakaoho te TSH i tō repe tairoiti kia whakaputa i ngā homoni tairoiti, e āwhina ana ki te whakahaere i tō pākia o te tinana, i ngā taumata pūngao, me te pūnaha io .

Ngā homoni mai i te Lobe o muri

Kāore tēnei wāhanga e whakaputa homoni, engari e rua ngā homoni e hangaia ana e te hypothalamus ka rongoatia ki konei, ā, ka tukuna ki roto i te toto ina hiahiatia.

• Te homoni antidiuretic (ADH) te vasopressin rānei: Ka whakataurite tēnei homoni i te nui o te wai me te konutai i roto i tō tinana.
• Oxytocin: Ka hangaia te oxytocin e te hypothalamus, ā, ka rongoatia, ka tukuna hoki e te repe pituitary. Ka āwhina i te whakahaere i te whānautanga mā te tuku tohu ki te kōpū kia kōpiri i te wā e whānau ana. Ka āwhina hoki i te whakaoho i te tukunga o te waiū me te whakatairanga i te hononga i waenga i ngā mātua me ngā pēpi. He mahi anō tā te oxytocin ki te nekenekehanga o te parāoa.

He aha ngā mahi matua a te repe pituitary?

Kua mārama pea koe ināianei ki te hiranga o tēnei repe iti. Anei ētahi o āna mahi matua:

• Te tipu
• Te pākia o te kai (arā, te āhua o te hurihanga o te kai hei pūngao, me te whakahaere i taua pūngao)
• Te whakaputa uri
• Te urupare ki te ahotea, ki te whara tinana rānei
• Te whāngai ū
• Taurite wai me te konutai (tote)
• Te whānautanga me te whānautanga

Whakaarohia te thermostat i roto i tō whare.He rite ki tētahi. Ka aroturuki tonu te thermostat i te pāmahana o tō whare, ā, ka mahi kia noho whakamarie koe, tika? Ka tukuna he tohu ki te whakamahana me te pouaka whakamātao kia whakanuia, kia whakaitihia rānei te pāmahana mā tēnei nui, kia mau tonu ai te pāmahana o tō whare ki tētahi taumata.

He rite tonu tō repe pituitary ki a koe, e aroturuki ana i ngā mahi a tō tinana. Ka tukuna e te repe pituitary ngā karere ki ō whekau me ō repe mā roto i ōna homoni, e mea ana, 'Anei ngā mea me mahi e koe i tēnei wā.' Ko ngā tautuhinga e tika ana mō tō tinana ka whakawhirinaki ki ngā āhuatanga maha, pērā i tō tau me tō ira tangata.

He aha te whanaungatanga i waenga i te hypothalamus me te pituitary gland?

Ka mahi tahi tō repe pituitary me tō hypothalamus ki te hanga i te matatini Hypothalamus-Pituitary . He rite tēnei ki te pokapū whakahaere matua o tō roro, e whakahaere ana i ngā mahi tino nui o tō tinana.

Ko te hypothalamus te wāhanga o tō roro e whakahaere ana i ētahi o ngā mahi matua o te tinana. Ka tukuna ngā karere ki tō pūnaha io motuhake , e whakahaere ana i ngā mea pēnei i te toto totoka, te tere o te manawa, me te manawa. Ka kī atu hoki ki te repe pituitary kia whakaputa me te tuku i ngā homoni e pā ana ki ētahi atu wāhanga o te tinana.

E ai ki tā mātou i kōrero ake nei, e hono ana te repe pituitary ki te hypothalamus mā te kakau pituitary . Mā tēnei kakau ka hono te hypothalamus ki te repe pituitary o mua mā roto i ngā homoni, ā, mā roto hoki i ngā nekehanga io ki te repe pituitary o muri. Ka whakaputahia hoki te oxytocin me te homoni antidiuretic e te hypothalamus. Ko te hypothalamus te kawenga mō te penapena me te tuku i ēnei homoni ki te repe pituitary o muri.

Ka kōrero te hypothalamus ki te repe pituitary, ka whakaoho hoki, ka whakaputa i ngā homoni pēnei i:

• Te homoni tuku corticotrophin (CRH)
• Dopamine
• Te homoni tuku gonadotropin (GnRH)
• Te homoni tuku-homoni tipu (GHRH)
• Somatostatin
• Te homoni tuku-thyrotropin (TRH)

Nā te mea he tino tata te mahi tahi a ēnei e rua (te hypothalamus me te pituitary gland), ki te pakaru tētahi, ka pāngia hoki te mahi a tētahi atu e ngā homoni.

Ka taea te ora me te kore he repe pituitary?

Ae, ka taea e koe te ora me te kore tō repe pituitary, engari kia taea ai e koe te mahi pera, me tango e koe he rongoā e kiia nei ko te whakaora whakakapinga hei whakakapi i ngā homoni pituitary e ngaro ana. Nā te mea he mea nui ngā homoni pituitary mō te pupuri i ngā mahi maha i roto i te tinana. Mena ka ngaro katoa ngā homoni pituitary, ā, ka waiho kia kore e rongoatia, ka tūpono te ora.

He aha ngā mate ka pā ki te repe pituitary?

He maha ngā āhuatanga hauora e pā ana ki te mahi a te repe pituitary, e puta mai ana rānei i ēnei. Ka taea te wehewehe i ēnei ki ngā wāhanga matua e whā:

• Ngā adenoma pituitary
• Te ngoikore o te pituitari
• Te hyperpituitarism
• Te mate sella kau

Kia kōrerohia whānuitia atu ēnei e tātou.

Ngā Adenoma Pituitary

He momo pukupuku pai tēnei e tupu ana i roto i te repe pituitary. Tata ki te 10% ki te 15% o ngā pukupuku katoa e tupu ana i roto i te roro ko ngā adenomas pituitary.

I te nuinga o te wā ka tino nui haere ēnei. Heoi, ki te tino nui rawa, ka puta he tohu mā te pēhi i ngā mea tata. I ētahi wā ka pēhi i te io whatu, ka puta he raruraru tirohanga (pēnei i te ngaronga o te tirohanga taha). He tino onge, ka taea e ngā adenoma pituitary nui te toto.

Ka nui rawa te homoni pituitary ka puta i ētahi adenoma pituitary. Ka kiia ēnei ko ngā adenoma "Mahi/Huna" . Ko ētahi kāore e puta he homoni. Ka kiia ēnei ko ngā adenoma "Kāore e Mahi" .

He maha ngā momo adenoma mahi, i runga i te homoni e whakaputaina ana e rātou. Ko te adenoma mahi tino noa ko te prolactinoma . Ka nui rawa te prolactin e whakaputaina ana e tēnei. Ko te tikanga ka rongoatia ngā prolactinoma ki te rongoā.

Ko ngā pukupuku pituitary he tino nui, he whakaputa homoni rānei, me rongoā, ā, ko te nuinga he pokanga .

Te ngoikore o te pituitari

He āhuatanga tēnei e kore ai e taea e te repe pituitary te whakaputa i tētahi, i ētahi, i ngā homoni katoa rānei.

I te nuinga o te wā, ka kitea te korenga o te kotahi homoni. Ko te korenga o ngā homoni pituitary e rua, neke atu rānei, ka kiia ko te panhypopituitarism . Ka puta pea tēnei i muri i te pokanga pituitary, i muri rānei i te irahiko roro .

Ko te tino take o te hypopituitarism ko te pakaru o te repe pituitary, te hypothalamus rānei.

He maha ngā mate motuhake e pā ana ki tēnei āhuatanga:

• Te korenga o te homoni tipu: Ka puta tēnei ina kore e nui te homoni tipu (GH) e whakaputaina e te repe pituitary. I roto i ngā tamariki, ka ngoikore te tipu me te whanaketanga, ā, ka whakaroa te pakeketanga. I roto i ngā pakeke, ka puta ngā raruraru pākia o te pūnaha io.
• Te mate huka insipidus pokapū:Ka puta tēnei ina kore e nui te homoni antidiuretic (ADH) e whakaputaina e te repe pituitary. Ka nui rawa te mimi e tukuna ana e te tinana, ā, kāore e taea te pupuri wai.
• Te ngoikore o te puku: Ka puta tēnei ina kore e nui te whakaputa a te repe pituitary i te homoni luteinizing (LH) me te homoni follicle-stimulating (FSH). Ka puta he raruraru ki te mahi ā-ira tangata, te whanaketanga, me te momonatanga.
• Te ngoikore o te repe adrenal matua: Ka puta tēnei ina kore e nui te ACTH e whakaputaina e te repe pituitary. Nā tēnei ka kore e taea e te tinana te whakaputa cortisol.
• Te hypothyroidism pokapū: Ka puta tēnei ina kore e nui te homoni whakaoho tairoi (TSH) e whakaputaina e te repe pituitary, ka iti ai ngā taumata o te homoni tairoi.

Ka rongoatia te hypopituitarism mā te hoatu i ngā homoni ngoikore ki waho, me te aroturuki i aua taumata mā te whakamātautau toto.

Te hyperpituitarism

He āhuatanga tēnei e nui rawa ai te whakaputanga o tētahi, neke atu rānei o ngā homoni e tō repe pituitary. He maha hoki ngā wā ka puta mai tēnei i te mahi a te pituitary adenoma (he pukupuku ehara i te matepukupuku).

He maha ngā mate motuhake e pā ana ki tēnei āhuatanga:

• Acromegaly: Ka puta tēnei ina nui rawa te homoni tipu (GH) e whakaputaina ana e te repe pituitary i te wā e pakeke ana. Ka nui haere ētahi wāhanga o te tinana, pērā i ngā ringa, ngā waewae, me/ngā whekau o roto rānei, me ngā raruraru pākia o te tinana.
• Gigantism: Ka puta tēnei ina nui rawa te homoni tipu (GH) e whakaputaina ana e te repe pituitary i te wā tamarikitanga, taiohitanga rānei. Ka tere te tipu me te roa rawa.
• Te mate a Cushing: Ka puta tēnei ina nui rawa te ACTH e whakaputaina ana e te repe pituitary (ka nui rawa te cortisol e whakaputaina ana e te repe adrenal). Ka piki ake te taumaha i ētahi wāhanga o te tinana, ka nui ake te huka toto, ā, ka arahi pea ki te mate huka momo 2 .
• Hyperprolactinemia: Ka puta tēnei ina nui rawa te prolactin e whakaputaina ana e te repe pituitary. Ka heke pea te momonatanga me te rere mai i ngā uma (galactorrhea) .

Te Mate Pūkahukahu o Sella

He mate onge te mate Sella Kore (ESS) . Ka puta mai ina papatahi, ina mimiti rānei te repe pituitary nā te raruraru o te hanganga wheua e karapoti ana, e tiaki ana i a ia, e kiia nei ko te Sella Turcica . Ko te Sella Turcica he rūma āhua nohoanga. I ahu mai i te kupu Latina mō te "nohoanga Turkish".

He tātaritanga X-ray te pūtau kau.I te nuinga o te wā, kāore tēnei e noho hei mate hauora tūturu, ā, ka kitea noa iho i te wā o te matawai.

I ētahi wā, ka puta pea ngā tohu pēnei i te kore taurite o ngā homoni, te mamae o te upoko, me ngā panoni o te tirohanga i te ESS. Heoi, ki te mea kei roto i te awhe noa ngā taumata homoni pituitary, kāore he take e manukanuka ai.

He aha ngā tohu ka puta mēnā he raruraru ki te repe pituitary?

Ka taea e ngā adenoma pituitary nui (he pukupuku kore-matepukupuku ēnei) te pana, te kino rānei i ngā kiko tata. Ka puta pea ngā tohu pēnei i:

• Ngā raruraru tirohanga (pērā i te ngaronga o te tirohanga ā-taha)
• Ānini
• Ngā taurite kore o ngā homoni i puta mai i te pikinga, te hekenga rānei o ngā homoni pituitary

Ka puta he maha ngā tohu i te kore taurite o ngā homoni pituitary, i runga i te homoni e pāngia ana. Ko ētahi tauira ko:

• Te puhoi o te tipu, te nui rawa rānei o te tipu o ngā tamariki
• Te hekenga o te momonatanga o ngā wāhine me ngā tāne (Te kore tamarikitanga)
• Ngā huringa paheketanga koretake
• Te pikinga, te hekenga rānei o te taumaha mō te kore take
• Te pouri me te manukanuka rānei

Mena kei a koe ētahi tohumate hou, e mau tonu ana, he mea nui kia kōrero koe ki tō tākuta. Ka taea e rātou te mahi i ngā mea pēnei i ngā whakamātautau toto māmā hei whakatau mena he raruraru homoni, he take kē atu rānei ō tohumate.

Mā wai tātou e kōrero mō tētahi raruraru pēnei?

Ko ngā raruraru o te repe pituitary ka rongoatia e ngā endocrinologists .

He tākuta endocrinologist te tākuta e tohunga ana ki ngā mate e pā ana ki ngā homoni. Ka taea e ia te tātaritanga i ngā mate endocrine (hormonal), te whakawhanake i ngā mahere maimoatanga me te whakahaere, me te tohu rongoā.

Mena he raruraru tō te repe pituitary, pērā i te pituitary adenoma, e pā ana ki ngā hanganga o te roro, me/ranei e hiahiatia ana he pokanga, me toro atu pea koe ki tētahi taote pokanga roro .

Me pēhea te tautuhi a ngā tākuta i ngā raruraru o te repe pituitary?

Nā te mea ka tukuna tika e tō repe pituitary ngā homoni ki roto i ō toto, he maha ngā wā ka inehia e ngā tākuta ngā taumata homoni pituitary mā roto i ngā whakamātautau toto .

Mena he rerekē te taumata o ō homoni, ka tono pea tō tākuta i ngā whakamātautau whakaahua, pērā i te matawai CT , te matawai MRI rānei, kia kitea ai mēnā he raruraru kei te repe pituitary. I te nuinga o te wā, ka mahia he MRI pituitary motuhake kia kitea mārama ai te repe pituitary me tōna kakau.

Me pēhea te pupuri i te hauora o tō tātou repe pituitary?

Ko te huarahi pai hei pupuri i te hauora o tō repe pituitary ko te tiaki i tō mahunga. Ngā whara o te mahunga me ngā whara roro whara (TBI)Ka taea e ia te kino i tō repe pituitary, ka nui rawa, ka iti rawa rānei ngā homoni e whakaputaina ana.

Anei ētahi mea ka taea e koe te mahi hei ārai i ngā whara o te mahunga me te roro:

• Me mau te whitiki nohoanga i ngā wā katoa kei roto koe i te waka.
• Taraiwa haumaru.
• Mauria he potae i te wā e eke pahikara ana, e motopaika ana, e takaro ana rānei i ngā hākinakina e pā ana ki te tinana.
• Me mahi i ngā mahi hei ārai i te hinganga, inā koa mēnā he nui te tūponotanga o te hinganga. Kei roto i tēnei ko ngā mahi whakakori tinana hei whakanui ake i te kaha me te taurite, te tango i ngā arai me ngā mea pahekeheke i roto i tō whare, te whakamahi i tētahi taputapu āwhina hikoi, me te tirotiro i tō tirohanga.
• Mena he tamariki nohinohi āu, me whakarite kia haumaru te wāhi e noho ana rātou, kia haumaru hoki te tākaro.

Āhea koe me toro atu ki te tākuta mō te repe pituitary?

Mena kei a koe ngā tohu o te adenoma pituitary me/ngā tohu rānei o te kore taurite o ngā homoni, he mea tino nui kia kōrero koe ki tō tākuta. Ka taea e rātou te whakahaere i ētahi whakamātautau hei tirotiro mēnā he hē kei roto i tō repe pituitary.

Mena kua pāngia koe e tētahi whara roro kino (Traumatic Brain Injury - TBI) , ka tirotirohia pea e tō tākuta te mahi a tō repe pituitary kia kite ai mēnā kei te mahi tika, mehemea hoki kua pakaru i te whara.

Hei whakarāpopototanga, anei ngā mea hei maumahara mā tātou (Karere hei tango ki te kāinga):

He repe iti rawa tō repe pituitary, engari he kaha, e whakahaere ana i ngā tukanga nui o tō tinana katoa! He rite ki tētahi 'rangatira' iti.

Ka whakaputahia e ia ngā homoni e whakahaere ana i ngā mea maha, tae atu ki tō tipu, tō nakunaku, tō momonatanga, me te āhua o tō whakatau i te ahotea. Nō reira, he mea tino nui te pupuri i te hauora o tēnei repe iti.

• Kia tiakina tōu mahunga: mauria he potae, kia noho haumaru.
• Kia tūpato ki ngā tohu rerekē: Kōrero ki te tākuta mēnā kei te pāngia tonu koe e te ānini, ngā raruraru tirohanga, ngā huringa ohorere o te taumaha, te tino ngenge rānei.
• Kaua e manukanuka: he pai ngā rongoā mō te nuinga o ngā raruraru o te repe pituitary. Mēnā ka kitea wawetia, ka taea te whakahaere pai.

Kua mōhio koe inaianei ki tēnei wāhanga iti whakamiharo o tō tinana. Mēnā he pātai, he āwangawanga rānei āu, kaua e mangere ki te kōrero ki te tākuta. Kia ora tonu!

` Te repe pituitary, ngā homoni, te roro, te pūnaha endocrine, ngā mate pituitary, te hypothalamus, te homoni tipu