E mōhio ana koe ki ēnei ngongo nui i roto i tō ara manawa? (Parangā) Kia kite tātou!

Kua whakaaro koe me pēhea te urunga o te hau ki roto i ngā pukahukahu ina manawa tātou? He tikanga whakamiharo tēnei. Ko tētahi o ngā kaitākaro matua i roto i tēnei haerenga nui o roto i tō tātou pūnaha manawa ko ngā pūkahukahu . I tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō ēnei pūkahukahu me te hiranga o aua mea ki tō tātou hauora.

He aha ēnei pūkahukahu?

Ki te kī ngāwari, ko ō pūkahukahu he ngongo nui e rua e kawe ana i te hau ki ō pūkahukahu. Ina manawa koe, ka haere te hau e tomo ana mā tō ihu, mā tō waha rānei mā tō korokoro ka heke ki raro i tō trachea , arā, tō pūkahukahu . Ka wehea tēnei pūkahukahu kia rua, pērā i te reta Y. Ko ēnei ngongo matua e rua e kiia ana ko te pūkahukahu - ka haere tētahi ki te pūkahukahu maui, ko tētahi ki te pūkahukahu matau. Kātahi ka wehea ēnei ngongo matua e rua, pērā i ngā manga o te rākau, kia iti ake ngā ngongo i roto i ō pūkahukahu. He wāhanga tino nui ēnei o tō tātou pūnaha manawa . Whakaarohia ēnei hei rori, e āwhina ana i te hau kia tae ki ngā pēke hau iti (alveoli) i roto i ō pūkahukahu.

He aha te mea ka tupu ki ngā pūkahukahu?

Anei te mea nui. Ko te mahi matua o ngā ara manawa he kawe i te hau ki roto i ngā pukahukahu, me te kawe i te hau ki waho i ngā pukahukahu. He rite ki te rori e taea ai e ngā waka te neke whakamua, te hoki mai.

Whakaarohia kei te manawa koe...

1. Ka tomo te hau mā te waha, mā te ihu rānei, ka heke iho ki ngā pūkahukahu .

2. Kātahi ka tomo te hau ki ngā ara manawa matua e rua, te taha matau me te taha maui, e hangaia ana i te wehenga o tēnei trachea.

3. Ka wehea ēnei pūkahukahu ki ngā ngongo iti ake, ā, hei whakamutunga, mā roto i ngā ngongo iti rawa e kiia nei ko ngā pūkahukahu, ka uru te hau ki roto i ngā alveoli i roto i ngā pukahukahu. Koinei te wāhi e tāpirihia ai te hāora ki roto i ō toto.

Waihoki, i te tāpiritanga o te hāora ki te toto, ka mimitihia anō te hau waro hauhā kāore e hiahiatia i roto i te toto ki roto i ngā pēke hau. Ina whakapūha koe i te manawa, ka hoki mai tēnei hau waro hauhā mā roto i te trachea, te bronchi, me ngā bronchioles, ka whakapūha mā roto i tō waha, i tō ihu rānei.

He mea nui: Kei roto i ngā ara manawa he mea whakakikorua ki tētahi matū e kiia nei ko te hūpē . Mā tēnei hūpē ka whakamakuku i te hau e tomo mai ana, ka mau i ngā matū kino pērā i ngā iroriki me te puehu i te rangi. Hei tāpiri, kei roto i ngā ara manawa he hanganga iti rite ki te huruhuru e kiia nei ko ngā cilia . He rite ēnei ki ngā puruma, ā, ka panaia ngā iroriki me te puehu kua mau ki muri o te korokoro. Koinā te wā ka maremare, ka tihe rānei tātou, ā, ka puta mai. He pūnaha parepare whakamiharo tēnei?

Kei hea ngā pūhā?

Kei roto i tō uma tō trachea, kei roto i ō pukahukahu, e tiakina ana e tō rara. E ai ki te kōrero i mua ake nei, koinei ngā ngongo o tō trachea (E hono ana ngā pūkahukahu ki te pito o raro o ngā pukahukahu. Ka tīmata hei ngongo nui, ka wehewehe haere ki ngā manga iti ake, ā, ka mutu ka peka ki ngā pūkahukahu iti rawa.

He aha ngā wāhanga o te bronchi?

Ehara te ara manawa i te whatunga ngongo kotahi. Ka taea te wehewehe kia toru ngā wāhanga matua, pērā i te rori e wehea ana ki ngā rori matua me ngā rori taha.

• Ngā Pūnaha Matua/Matua: Koinei ngā pūnaha tuatahi e rua nui rawa atu – ko ngā pūnaha matau me ngā pūnaha maui. Koinei ngā mea e hono tika ana ki te trachea (ngā pūnaha ). Koinei te wāhanga whānui rawa atu o ngā pūnaha.
• Pūkahukahu Tuarua/Pūkahukahu Roro: Koinei ngā ngongo e peka mai ana i te pūkahukahu matua ka uru ki ngā momo pūkahukahu rerekē. I mōhio koe e toru ngā pūkahukahu o te pūkahukahu matau, e rua ngā pūkahukahu o te pūkahukahu maui? Ka uru ēnei pūkahukahu tuarua ki ia o aua pūkahukahu.
• Ngā Pūkahukahu Tuatoru/Wāhanga: He ngongo iti ake ēnei e peka ana ki ngā wāhanga iti ake i roto i ngā pūkahukahu. Whai muri i ēnei, ka tīmata ngā pūkahukahu iti ake.

Whakaarohia he rori. He rite ki te huri mai i te rori matua (Tuatahi) ki te rori tuarua (Tuarua), kātahi ka haere ki tētahi atu rori iti ake (Tuarua).

He aha te hanganga o te bronchi?

He uaua maeneene me te kiko pakari e kīia ana ko te kiriuhi e karapoti ana i ngā ara manawa. Mā tēnei kiriuhi ka kaha ake ngā ara manawa, ā, ka ārai i a rātou kei hinga i te wā e haere ana te hau. He mowhiti kiriuhi kei ngā ara manawa matua. Heoi, nā te mea he iti ake ngā ara manawa tuarua me ngā ara manawa tuatoru, he wāhi kiriuhi anake kei roto. E ai ki te kōrero i mua ake nei, he kiriuhi hūpē me ngā kiriuhi kei roto.

Ko tēnei pūnaha katoa o te trachea, te bronchi, me ngā bronchioles e kiia ana ko te rākau tracheobronchial , ko tōna tikanga he "rākau tracheobronchial". Nā te mea he rite tōna āhua ki te rākau e hurihia ana ki raro. He rite te trachea ki te take o te rākau, ā, he rite ngā bronchi ki ngā manga.

He aha ngā mate e pāngia ai te bronchi?

Engari, ka pāngia hoki tō tātou ara manawa e ngā mate maha. Kua rongo pea koe i ētahi o ēnei.

• Te mate huango: He āhuatanga tēnei e mumura tonu ai ngā ara manawa, e uaua ai te manawa.
• Te Pūkahukahu Ānini: I tēnei āhua, ka whānui haere ngā ara manawa, ka pakaru, ka hanga he pēke hei kohi i te hūpē.
• Te mate pūkahukahu: Te mumura o ngā ara manawa. Ka taea tēnei te noho poto (whakapeka) te noho roa rānei (mau tonu).
• Te Pūkahukahu Ā-pūkahukahu: He raruraru manawa tēnei ka pā ki ngā pēpi whānau hou. Ka puta ina kore e whanake tika ngā pukahukahu.
• Mate Pūkahukahu Ārai Mau Tonu (COPD): He rōpū mate mumura tēnei e pā ana ki ngā pūkahukahu, e aukati ana i ngā ara manawa, e uaua ai te manawa.
• Te Pūkahukahu Pūkahukahu (CF): He mate ira tēnei e puta ai te hūpē matotoru, piri ki roto i ngā ara manawa.

He aha ngā tohu noa o ngā raruraru manawa?

Mena he raruraru kei roto i ō ara manawa, ka pāngia pea koe e ēnei tohu:

• Maremare (tērā pea he maremare pumau)
• Te uaua ki te manawa (pērā i te poto o te manawa)
• Te whewhe
• Te toto me te hūpē
• Te kikī o te uma, te ahua o te kōpiripiri
• Ngenge auau
• Ngā mate manawa maha (hei tauira, te niumōnia, te bronchitis)

He aha ngā whakamātautau hei tirotiro i te hauora o te pūkahukahu?

I runga i ō tohumate, ka tonoa pea e te tākuta ngā whakamātautau maha hei tirotiro i te hauora o ō ara manawa me ō pukahukahu.

• Spirometry: Koinei te whakamātautau mahi a ngā pukahukahu e tino kitea ana. Ka ine i te nui o te hau ka taea e koe te pupuri i roto i ō pukahukahu me te tere o tō manawa ki waho.
• Pūnaha tirotiro manawa: I roto i tēnei tikanga, ka whakaurua e te tākuta he ngongo iti, ngāwari (me te kāmera e piri ana) mā te waha, mā te ihu rānei hei tirotiro i roto i ngā ara manawa.
• Matawai CT: He whakamātautau tēnei e whakamahi ana i ngā rorohiko motuhake me ngā hihi-X hei whakaputa whakaahua taipitopito o ngā pukahukahu.
• Te Ultrasound Endobronchial (EBUS): He rite tēnei ki te bronchoscopy , engari e whakamahi ana i te hangarau ultrasound hei āwhina i te kimi i te mumura, i te mate pukupuku rānei i roto i ngā ara manawa.
• Whakamātautau Waikura Hauota i Pupuhitia: Mā tēnei ka ine i te nui o te waikura hauota e pupuhihia ana e koe. Ka taea e tēnei te whakamōhio ki ngā tākuta mēnā he mumura kei roto i ō ara manawa.

He aha ngā rongoā noa mō ngā mate e pā ana ki te bronchi?

Ko ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga e whakawhirinaki ana ki te āhua e pā ana ki ō ara manawa. Anei ētahi o ngā maimoatanga e whakamahia whānuitia ana:

• Ngā Rongoā e Manawahia ana: Ka whakaitihia te mumura o ngā ara manawa e ngā rongoā pēnei i ngā bronchodilator me ngā steroids , ka whānui ake, ka māmā ake hoki te manawa. Ka taea te hoatu mā te inhaler , mā te nebulizer rānei.Ka taea e koe te tāpiri ki roto i te wai ka waiho kia mamaoa.
• Whakaora Hāora: Ki te kore e nui te hāora e whiwhi ana koe, me hoatu pea he hāora mai i waho.
• Te Whakaora i ngā Pūkahukahu: He kaupapa whakakori tinana me te ako tēnei e āwhina ana ki te whakapakari i ngā pūkahukahu me te whakahaere i ngā mate pūkahukahu.
• Rongoā ā-waha: Ka tohua pea kia tangohia i ia rā ngā rongoā pēnei i te steroids me te paturopi , i te wā rānei e pā mai ai he mate, e kino haere ana rānei te mate.
• Te Whakaora Pēhanga Ara Āhua Pai: Ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta kia whakamahia e koe he mīhini CPAP , he mīhini BiPAP® rānei. Mā tēnei ka āwhina kia tuwhera tonu ō ara manawa.

Me pēhea te pupuri i te hauora o ōku pūkahukahu?

Anei ētahi mea ka taea e koe te mahi hei pupuri i te hauora o tō pūnaha manawa katoa, kaua ko ō ara manawa anake:

• Kaua e hikareti me te vape. Koinei te mea nui rawa atu.
• Āta karohia te hongi i te auahi tuarua.
• Kia ma tō whare, kia whakawhitia hoki ngā tātari hau i ia wā.
• Whakakorikori tinana i ngā wā katoa hei whakapakari i tō ngākau me ō pukahukahu.
• Whakaitihia te pānga o te parahanga o te hau ki te mea e taea ana.
• Mena kei te pāngia koe e te puehu, e ngā mate pāwera, e ngā auahi matū rānei, whakamahia he taputapu tiaki pēnei i te kopare kanohi.
• Hei tiaki i a koe mai i ngā mate manawa, horoia ō ringaringa i ngā wā katoa, karohia ngā wāhi e kī ana i te tangata i te wā rewharewha, me te tiki i ngā werohanga kua tūtohutia.

Āhea ahau me toro atu ki te tākuta?

Ki te mau tonu tō maremare, ā, e ahua uaua ana te manawa, me toro atu koe ki te tākuta.

Waihoki, ki te pāngia koe e tētahi o ngā tohu e whai ake nei o te uaua o te manawa , me waea atu koe ki te 1990, me haere rānei ki te wāhanga ohorere o te hōhipera tata:

• He kikorangi, he hina, he mā rānei te tae o ngā ngutu, te kiri, ngā maikuku rānei (Cyanosis)
• Te hoki whakamuri o te uma (te ahua kei te totohu tō uma ina manawa koe)
• Te tere o te manawa, kāore he take motuhake
• Te pupuhi o ngā pongaponga (nā te uaua o te manawa)
• Te werawera me te kore e piki ake te pāmahana o te tinana
• Te whewhe

Kia maumahara: He kawenga nui tā ō ara manawa ki te kawe i te hau ki ō pukahukahu. Ka whakamahia e tō tinana tēnei hau hei tiki i te hāora e hiahiatia ana hei oranga mōna. I taua wā anō, ka whakamakukuhia e ō ara manawa te hau, hei tiaki i a koe mai i ngā iroriki me ētahi atu mea ka pā kino ki a koe.

Hei whakamutunga, kia mahara ki tēnei.

Nā, kua mārama koe ki te hiranga o ngā pūkahukahu i roto i tō tātou tinana. Mēnā ka pakaru, ka mumura rānei, ka puta pea ngā mate pēnei i te pūkahukahu me te COPD. Nō reira, kia ora ai ō pūkahukahu, karohia te momi hikareti , kaua hoki e hongi i tētahi mea e kino ana ki ō pūkahukahu. Kia tiakina tō manawa! Nā te mea ko te manawa hauora te kī ki te oranga hauora.

` Te trachea, ngā pūkahukahu, te manawa, te pūnaha manawa, te huango, te bronchitis, ngā pūkahukahu hauora