He maha ngā wā ka pāngia koe e te ānini? Ka ruaki koe? Kei te ahua rānei kei te heke haere tō mahara, kei te pōturi rānei ō kupu ina kōrero koe? Ahakoa ka puta ēnei mea mō ngā take noa, he onge noa iho, he tohu pea ēnei mō te pukupuku roro. Nō reira, i tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō tētahi momo pukupuku e puta ana i roto i te roro me te taurakira, e kiia nei ko 'Astrocytoma'. Kaua e manukanuka, kia mārama tātou ki ngā mea katoa mō tēnei mea.
He aha te Astrocytoma?
Ko te Astrocytoma he momo pukupuku ka taea te whanake i roto i tō tātou pūnaha io matua (CNS) , kei roto i te roro te nuinga, engari i ētahi wā kei roto i te taurakira. Ka whanake ēnei pukupuku mai i tētahi momo pūtau āhua whetu motuhake i roto i tō tātou roro e kiia nei ko te 'astrocyte'. Ko ēnei pūtau astrocyte he momo pūtau e mahi ana hei tautoko i ētahi atu pūtau io i roto i te roro, e whāngai ana, e tiaki ana hoki i a rātou. Ka puta he pukupuku astrocytoma ina tīmata ēnei pūtau ki te tipu kore e taea te whakahaere.
Ko te mea nui, ehara i te mea he mate pukupuku katoa ēnei Astrocytoma. Ko ētahi he pukupuku pai. Engari ko ētahi ka taea hoki te mate pukupuku (kino).
Ko te Astrocytoma te momo pukupuku roro tino noa e kiia nei ko te glioma.
He momo me ngā taumata o te Astrocytoma?
Āe, kua wehea e te Whakahaere Hauora o te Ao (WHO) ngā pukupuku Astrocytoma kia whā ngā taumata matua (Ngā Taumata 1-4) i runga i te tere o te tipu me te kaha ki te horapa ki ngā kiko e karapoti ana. Ko te Taumata 1 te mea tino kino, ā, ko te Taumata 4 te mea tino kino, ā, he tere te horapa.
Kia mārama tātou ki ēnei mā te whakamahi i tētahi ripanga.
| Tau | Whakaahuatanga me ngā momo |
|---|---|
| Taumata 1 (Kāore he matepukupuku) | He pukupuku pai ēnei e tino puhoi ana te tipu, ā, kāore e horapa. Kia tangohia katoatia mā te pokanga, kāore e hiahiatia he maimoatanga anō (te irahiko, te chemotherapy rānei).
|
| Tau 2 (Pūkahu) | He pukupuku matepukupuku ēnei. He āhua horapa pea ēnei ki ngā kiko roro e karapoti ana. Nō reira, kāore pea e ranea te pokanga anake hei rongoā. |
| Tau 3 (Pūkahu) | He puku kaha ake ēnei, he tere ake hoki te tipu i te taumata 2. He maha ngā wā, ka taea e ngā puku taumata 2 te neke ki tēnei taumata i roto i te wā. Kāore e taea e te pokanga anake te whakaora i a rātou. Me tino hiahiatia te irahiko me te rongoā matepukupuku. |
| Tau 4 (Pūkahu) | Ka kiia hoki ēnei ko te glioblastoma . Koinei te momo astrocytoma tino pukuriri, tino tere te tipu, me te tino pukuriri. Koinei hoki te momo mate pukupuku roro tino noa i roto i ngā pakeke. |
Ko wai te mea tino tūpono ka pāngia e tēnei mate?
Ka taea e te astrocytoma te whanake i ngā tau katoa, engari he rerekē ngā momo i ngā reanga rerekē.
- Tau 1: He mea noa i waenga i ngā tamariki me ngā taiohi.
- Tau 2: Ko te nuinga ka pā ki ngā pakeke i waenga i te 20 me te 60 tau te pakeke.
- Tau 3: He mea noa i roto i ngā pakeke i waenga i te 30 me te 60 tau te pakeke.
- Tau 4 (Glioblastoma): He mea noa i waenga i ngā pakeke i waenga i te 50 me te 80 tau te pakeke.
He nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā tāne ki te pāngia e ngā astrocytoma kino (taumata 3 me te 4).
He aha ngā tohu o tēnei?
Ko ngā tohu e whakawhirinaki ana ki te rahi o te pukupuku me tōna taunga i roto i te roro. Nā te mea he rerekē ngā mahi a ngā wāhanga rerekē o te roro i roto i tō tātou tinana, ina pēhia taua wāhanga e te pukupuku, ka puta ngā tohu e pā ana ki taua wāhanga.
Anei ētahi tohumate e kitea whānuitia ana.
| Tohu | Whakaahuatanga |
|---|---|
| Ngā mamae o te upoko | He mamae upoko nui, auau tonu i te oho ake i te ata, kāore e pai ki ngā rongoā whakamamae noa. |
| Whakapairuaki me te ruaki | Whakapairuaki me te ruaki, kahore he take motuhake. |
| Ngā mate hopuhopu | Te pāngia e te mate haurangi mō te wā tuatahi i roto i te ao. |
| Ngā huringa hinengaro me ngā whanonga | Te ngaronga o te mahara, te uaua ki te arotahi, te hurihanga o te āhua o te tangata (te riri ohorere, te pouri), me te pōhēhē. |
| Te mamae tinana | Ngā raruraru tirohanga (tirohanga pōuri, tirohanga takirua), uaua ki te kōrero (aphasia), ngoikore, ngoikore rānei tetahi taha o te tinana, me te uaua ki te hikoi. |
Mena kei a koe tētahi, ētahi rānei o ēnei tohumate karapīpiti, me toro atu ki tō tākuta i te wā e taea ai.
He aha ngā take o te astrocytoma?
Ina hoki, kāore anō kia mōhiotia te tino pūtake o te nuinga o ngā astrocytomas . He maha ngā wā ka puta noa mai, kāore he take e kitea ana. Heoi, e rua ngā āhuatanga mōrearea kua tautuhia e ngā kairangahau.
1. Te Whakaraeraetanga ki te Irahiko: Mā te rongoā irahiko ki te mahunga, inā koa i te wā e tamariki ana, ka nui ake te tūponotanga o te whakawhanake i te astrocytoma i muri mai.
2. Ngā Āhuatanga Ira Onge:Tērā pea ka piki ake te mōrearea o te whakawhanake i te astrocytoma e ētahi āhuatanga ira tuku iho onge.
- Te mate Li-Fraumeni
- Neurofibromatosis momo 1 (NF1)
- Te mate pukupuku ngongo
- Te mate Turcot
Me pēhea te tautuhi i te mate?
Ina haere koe ki te tākuta, ka whakarongo tuatahi ia ki ō tohumate, ka tirotiro hoki i a koe, inā koa he whakamātautau io.
I muri i tērā, ka tukuna pea koe mō ētahi whakamātautau hei tirotiro i roto i te roro.
- Matawai MRI (Imaging Resonance Aukume): Koinei te huarahi pai rawa atu, te huarahi mārama rawa atu hoki ki te kite i ngā pukupuku roro.
- Matawai CT (Tomography Rorohiko): Ka mahia tēnei whakamātautau ina kore e taea te MRI (hei tauira, mēnā kua whakauruhia he pacemaker).
Mena ka kitea he mea rerekē i roto i te roro i tēnei matawai, ka mahia he koiora hei kimi i te momo pukupuku. Ko te tikanga o tēnei ko te tango i tētahi wāhanga iti o te pukupuku mā te pokanga, ā, ka tirotirohia i raro i te karuārai. I ētahi wā, ka tangohia tēnei kiko i te wā o te pokanga kotahi (tangohanga) e tango katoa ana i te pukupuku.
He aha ngā maimoatanga?
Ka whakatauhia te maimoatanga e ētahi āhuatanga, tae atu ki te momo (taumata) o te puku, tōna rahi, tōna taunga i roto i te roro, tō tau, me tō hauora whānui. I te nuinga o te wā ka mahi tahi ngā tohunga roro, ngā taote roro, me ngā tohunga mate pukupuku ki te whakatau i te mahere maimoatanga pai rawa atu.
Ko ngā tikanga maimoatanga matua ko:
1. Pokanga
Ko te pokanga te kōwhiringa maimoatanga tuatahi i ngā wā katoa e taea ai. He maha ngā painga matua o tēnei:
- Ka taea te tiki tauira kiko hei tautuhi tika i te momo pukupuku.
- Ka taea e koe te whakaiti i te pēhanga ki te roro mā te tango i te nuinga o te pukupuku e taea ana.
- Ka taea te whakaora i ngā tohu e puta ake ana.
Mena ka taea te tango katoa i ngā pukupuku astrocytoma taumata 1 mā te pokanga, ka taea te whakaora katoa i te mate.
2. Ngā Whakaora Āwhina
I ngā āhuatanga kino (ngā taumata 2, 3, 4), me whai maimoatanga tāpiri hei whakangaro i ngā pūtau matepukupuku e toe ana i muri i te pokanga.
- Whakaora Irahiko: Te whakamahinga o ngā hihi kaha-nui (pērā i ngā hihi-X) hei whakangaro i ngā pūtau matepukupuku.
- Te rongoā matepukupuku: Te hoatu rongoā hei patu i ngā pūtau matepukupuku, hei aukati rānei i tō rātou tipu. Ko te 'Temozolomide (TMZ)' tētahi rongoā e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō tēnei.
- Ngā mara rongoā-pukupuku: He taputapu motuhake tēnei e mau ana pērā i te potae. Ko ngā mara hiko e tukuna ana e ia ka whakahaere i te tipu o ngā pūtau matepukupuku. Tērā pea ka tūtohutia tēnei mō te glioblastoma (taumata 4).
- Bevacizumab:He kano ārai mate tēnei. Ka aukati i te hanganga o ngā uaua toto e tuku toto ana ki te pukupuku, ka whakahaere i te tipu o te pukupuku.
He aha te matapae mō tēnei mate?
Ko te tere o te ora me te oranga o te mate ka whakawhirinaki ki ētahi āhuatanga.
- Te taumata o te puku: Tērā pea ka kino haere te āhua i te piki haere o te taumata.
- Te nui ka taea te tango mā te pokanga: Mena ka taea te tango i te nuinga o te pukupuku, ka pai ake ngā hua.
- Tau: He pai ake ngā hua ka puta i te hunga rangatahi.
- Te āhua hauora whānui: He mea nui kia pai te āhua hauora o te tūroro ina tautuhia te mate.
I te nuinga o te wā,
- Taumata 1: Tērā pea ka ora te tangata mō ngā tau neke atu i te 10 i muri i te pokanga.
- Tau 2: Neke atu i te 5 tau.
- Tau 3: I waenganui i te 2 me te 5 tau.
- Tau 4 (Glioblastoma): Tata ki te tau te roa.
He mea nui: Kia maumahara he uara toharite noa iho ēnei i runga i ngā raraunga mai i tētahi rōpū nui o te tangata. Tērā pea ka rerekē ēnei i runga i tō āhuatanga ake. Nō reira, he pai ake te kōrero ki tō tākuta mō ngā mōhiohio tino tika mō tō āhuatanga.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- He momo pukupuku te Astrocytoma e puta ana i te roro, i te taurakira rānei. He momo pukupuku, he momo kore pukupuku hoki.
- Kua whakarōpūtia ēnei mai i ngā taumata 1 ki te 4 i runga i te kaha o te mate. Ko te taumata 1 te mea tino kino, ā, ko te taumata 4 (Glioblastoma) te mea tino kino.
- Kaua e warewarehia ngā tohu pēnei i te ānini pinepine, te ruaki, te haurangi, me te ngaronga o te mahara. Ki te mau tonu ēnei, me toro atu ki te tākuta tonu.
- Ko te pokanga, te rongoā irahiko, me te rongoā matūkai ngā tikanga maimoatanga matua e whakamahia ana.
- Ahakoa he whakamataku te ako mō te pukupuku roro, mā te maimoatanga tika me ngā tohutohu hauora, ka taea e koe te whakahaere i ō tohu me te haere tonu me tō oranga. Kei te rite tonu tō tīma hauora ki te āwhina i a koe.
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