Kia ako tātou mō ngā io motuhake e 12 e puta mai ana i tō roro? (Ngā io angaanga)

He tini ngā mea whakamiharo e tupu ana i roto i ō tātou tinana, kāore? Tērā pea kāore koe e whakaaro ki tēnā, engari he maha ngā karere tino nui e kawe ana i ngā karere mai i tō roro, ehara i te mea ki tō mahunga, ki tō kanohi, ki tō kaki anake, engari ki tō uma anō hoki. Koinei tā tātou e kōrero ai i tēnei rā. Ka karangatia ēnei ko ngā io angaanga, arā, ko `(Ngā Io Angaanga)`.

He aha ēnei io angaanga?

He whakarāpopototanga noa iho, ko ō io angaanga he huinga o ngā takirua io 12. He rite ki ngā waea hiko. Ka tukuna, ka whiwhi hoki i ngā tohu hiko mai i tō roro ki ngā wāhanga rerekē o tō mahunga, mata, kaki, me te uma o runga. Mā ēnei tohu ka taea e koe te kite, te hongi, te reka, te whakarongo, me te neke i ō uaua mata kia menemene me te kōrero. Ka tīmata ēnei io i te tuara o tō roro. He wāhanga tino nui o tō pūnaha io.

Ina whakaaro koe ki te tirohanga, te whakarongo, te hongi, me te reka, ka whakaaro tonu koe ki ngā mea pēnei i ngā kanohi, ngā taringa, te ihu, me te waha. Heoi, ki te kore e ora ēnei io angaanga, kāore e taea e ōu mātakitaki te mahi tika. Ko ēnei io angaanga anō hoki ka āwhina i a koe ki te hanga i ngā āhua kanohi rerekē me te kōrero ki ētahi atu.

E hia ngā takirua o ēnei io? Kei hea rātou e tū ai?

Tekau mā rua ō takirua io angaanga. Ka wehea ia takirua io kia rua, e mahi ana ki ngā taha e rua o te roro me ngā taha e rua o te tinana. Hei tauira, he takirua io hongi (ngā io e rongo ana i te hongi). Kei te taha maui o te roro tētahi, kei te taha matau tētahi.

E rua o ēnei takirua io – ko tō io hongi (te mea e whakahaere ana i tō kakara) me tō io whatu (te mea e whakahaere ana i tō tirohanga) – ka tīmata i roto i tō roro nui. Ko te roro nui te wāhanga nui rawa atu o tō roro. Ko ngā takirua io tekau e toe ana ka tīmata i roto i tō take roro. Ko tēnei take roro te mea e hono ana i tō roro me tō taurakira.

I mōhio koe? Ko te io roa rawa atu o ēnei io angaanga ko te io Vagus. Ka rere mai i tō roro tae noa ki tō Puku Nui, ka hono atu ki ngā okana maha i te ara.

He aha ngā mahi matua a ngā io angaanga?

Ko te nuinga o ngā io o te angaanga kei roto i ōu io ngā mōhiotanga pūoro me/ranei ngā mōhiotanga whakahaere nekeneke, nekehanga rānei .

Mā ngā io Pūoko koe e āwhina:

• Ka pā te ringa, ka rongo i te mamae me te pāmahana.
• Whakarongo ki ngā oro.
• Ka kitea ngā mea.
• Hongihia.
• Te reka.

Ka āwhina ngā io nekeneke ki te whakahaere i ngā uaua motuhake . Ka taea e ētahi io angaanga te mahi i ngā mahi pūoro me ngā mahi nekeneke.

He mahi motuhake tā ia o ō io angaanga tekau mā rua. Ka whakarōpūhia e ngā tākuta mā te maha me te mahi. Me titiro tātou ki ēnei:

1. Io kakara (CN I)

Koinei te mea e āhei ai koe ki te hongi. Whakaarohia ka taea e koe te hongi i ngā kai reka, i ngā putiputi rānei nā tēnei io.

2. Io Whatu (CN II)

Ko tēnei okana e kawe ana i ngā mōhiotanga e kite ana koe, arā, te tirohanga , ki te roro.

3. Io Oculomotor (CN III)

Mā tēnei io koe e āwhina ki te neke i ō kanohi, ki te whakaara ake i ō kamo, me te whakanui ake i te kamo i runga i te māramatanga .

4. Te io o te Trochlear (CN IV)

Mā tēnei io koe e āwhina ki te titiro ki raro, ki te tahuri i tō ihu ki tētahi taha, ki te tahuri rānei i tō ihu ki tētahi taha .

5. Io Trigeminal (CN V)

He io tino nui tēnei. Koinei te mea e rongo ai koe (te pā, te mamae) i roto i ō kanohi, i te nuinga o tō mata, me te roto o tō waha . Ehara i te mea koinā anake, engari ka āwhina anō hoki tēnei io i a koe ki te ngaungau i tāu kai .

6. Te io o te puku (CN VI)

Mā tēnei io koe e āwhina ki te neke i ō kanohi ki maui me ki matau .

7. Io Mata (Io Mata - CN VII)

Ka whakahaere i ētahi uaua e whakahaere ana i ngā āhua o te kanohi, pērā i te wā e menemene ana koe, e kōingo ana rānei. Koinei anō hoki te io e āhei ai koe ki te whakamātau i tētahi wāhanga o tō arero .

8. Nerve Vestibulocochlear (CN VIII)

Mā tēnei koe e āwhina ki te whakarongo ki ngā mea, me te pupuri i te taurite o tō tinana .

9. Te Io Glossopharyngeal (CN IX)

Koia te kawenga mō te kare o te reka i tētahi atu wāhanga o tō arero, me te whakahaere hoki i te horomitanga o te kai . Hei tāpiri, kei roto i tēnei ko ngā muka io parasympathetic e whakahaere ana i te toto toto tiketike, ā, e whai wāhi ana hoki ki te whakaputa huware.

10. Te Io Vagus (CN X)

He io tino nui tēnei. Mā tēnei ka whakahaere i ngā tukanga aunoa maha i roto i tō tinana, pērā i te nakunaku, te toto totoka, te tere o te manawa, te manawa, te wairua, me te whakaputa huware . Koinei te io matua i roto i tō pūnaha io parasympathetic .

11. Io Āpiti (Io Āpiti / Io Āpiti Tuaiwi - CN XI)

Ka āwhina tēnei io ki te whakahaere i ngā nekehanga o ō pakihiwi me tō kaki .

12. Te Io Hypoglossal (CN XII)

Ka whakahaere i ngā nekehanga o tō arero , he mea tino nui tēnei ina kōrero koe, ina kai, ina horomi hoki.

He aha ngā raruraru e pā ana ki ēnei io angaanga?

Ki te pakaru tētahi o ēnei io angaanga i tētahi ara, kāore e mahi tika. Ka puta pea he raruraru nekehanga motuhake, he raruraru pānga rānei i runga i te mahi a taua io. He maha ngā take ka pā ki te mahi a ēnei io. Hei tauira:

• Ngā whara o te upoko`(Whara Upoko / Whara Roro Pakaru)`. Whakaarohia, me te mea kua pā tōu upoko i roto i tētahi aituā.
• Ngā mate o te pūnaha io, o te roro rānei , hei tauira, ngā mate pēnei i te neuropathy me te amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
• Te pēhanga o tētahi io e ngā uaua toto, ngā pukupuku, te pupuhi rānei e tata ana ki tētahi io.
• Ngā raruraru o te pūnaha tohanga toto , hei tauira, te mate microvascular (te mate o ngā oko toto iti), te whiu.
• Te mumura i puta mai i ētahi mate , hei tauira, te Huaketo Herpes Zoster (koinei te huaketo e hua ai ngā mate pēnei i te rewharewha me te rewharewha, ā, e hua ai te mate e kiia nei ko te shingles).
• Ko ngā mate pūnaha ārai mate he mate e whakaekea ai te tinana e te pūnaha ārai mate o te tinana. Hei tauira, te scleroderma, te mate Sjögren.
• Ngā whara aituā i te wā o ngā pokanga roro, kanohi, niho rānei.

He aha ngā mate pāwera o te io angaanga?

Mēnā he raruraru kei te io nekeneke angaiwi e whakahaere ana i te nekehanga, ka kiia e ngā tākuta he "paralyse." Ko te tikanga o te "Palsy" he rite ki te "paralyse" me te "mate o te ora." Ka puta te ngoikore o te uaua me ngā raruraru ki te nekehanga.

Anei ētahi tauira o te ngoikore o te io cranial:

• Te Pararutiki o te Niho Tuatoru / Te Pararutiki o te Oculomotor: I tēnei āhua, ko te āhua nei ka anga whakararo, whakawaho tetahi o ō kanohi.
• Te Pararutiki o te Io Tuawhā / Te Pararutiki o te Io Trochlear: Ko te tikanga ka puta te tirohanga takirua poutū, me te uaua ki te titiro ki raro.
• Te Pararutiki Io Tuaono / Te Pararutiki Io Āpiti: I tēnei āhua, kāore pea ngā kanohi e tūhono tetahi ki tetahi (Strabism) ā, ka puta pea te tirohanga takirua.
• Te Pararutiki a Bell: He mate tēnei e pā ana ki tō io kanohi. He mate kino anō hoki tēnei mō te io kanohi. I te nuinga o te wā, ka ngaro te kaha o tetahi taha o te mata mō te wā poto, ā, ka piko.

He aha atu ngā āhuatanga ka pā ki ēnei io?

Ko tētahi atu mate motuhake o te io angaanga ko te neuralgia trigeminal . Ka kitea tēnei i roto i ngā wā o te mamae nui, e kore e taea te manawanui i te mata. Ka tino kino rawa atu tēnei mamae, ā, ka uaua ki te mahi i ngā mahi o ia rā. Ka puta tēnei i te nuinga o te wā ina pēhia te io trigeminal e te uaua toto.

Ka taea e ētahi io angaanga, pērā i te io whatu me te io vagus, te whai i ngā momo mahi koretake. Hei tauira, ko ngā mate e pā ana ki te io whatu ko te glaucoma me te neuritis whatu.(Mumura o te io whatu). Ka pā mai ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te gastroparesis (ngoikore o te uaua puku) me te vasovagal syncope (te hemo ohorere) i te kore mahi o te io vagus.

Me aha tātou kia ora tonu ai ō tātou io angaanga?

Ina hoki, kāore e taea te ārai i ētahi mate o te io angaanga. Heoi anō, kei reira ētahi mea ka taea e koe te mahi hei pupuri i te hauora o tō roro, o ō io angaanga, me te pūnaha io katoa:

• Kia mau ki te taumaha hauora e tika ana mōu.
• Kai i ngā kai whai kiko. Tāpirihia he nui ake o ngā hua rākau, huawhenua, pīni, me ngā witi katoa ki roto i tāu kai.
• Whakakorikori tinana i ia wā, i ia wā.
• Kia mau tonu tō toto toto ki te taumata hauora.
• Mena kei a koe ngā mate ka kino ki ō io, pērā i te mate huka, kia pai te whakahaere i aua mate.
• Ki te inu waipiro koe, whakawhāitihia.
• Ki te kai paipa koe, kati.

He aha ngā tohu me toro atu ahau ki te tākuta?

He rerekē ngā tohu o te pakaru o te io angaanga, te mate rānei, i runga i te io e pāngia ana. Mēnā kei a koe tētahi, ētahi rānei o ēnei tohu, me toro atu ki te tākuta tonu:

• Te piko o tetahi taha o te mata.
• Te mamae o te kanohi, te māuiui rānei.
• Te ngoikore o te uaua, te ngaro rānei o te kaha.
• Te ngenge i ngā wāhi katoa o te tinana.
• Ngā raruraru tirohanga.
• Ngā raruraru ki te reka, ki te kakara rānei.
• Ko te Dysarthria he kōrero pōturi.
• Te uaua ki te ngaungau, ki te horomi rānei i te kai (Dysphagia).

Hei whakamutunga, ngā mea hei maumahara

Kua mārama pea koe ki te hiranga o ēnei io angaanga ki a tātou. Kāore e taea e tātou te wheako i te ao e karapoti nei i a tātou – te kite, te rongo, te hongi, te reka o ngā mea – me te kore ēnei io. He mea nui hoki ēnei mō te neke i ō tātou kanohi, arero, waha, me ngā wāhanga rerekē o tō tātou mata.

I te nuinga o te wā, kāore tātou e whakaaro nui ki ēnei io kia puta rā anō he hapa. Heoi, ki te kite ohorere koe i tētahi panonitanga o ō kare ā-roto, ki te puta rānei ngā tohu e pā ana ki te mahi a tō mata, tera pea nā tētahi raruraru o tētahi o ngā io angaanga. Ki te pērā, me toro atu ki tētahi tākuta. Ka taea e ia te whakatau tika he aha te he. Kaua e manukanuka, he maha ngā wā ka rongoatia tēnei.

Ngā io angaanga, Ngā io o te roro, Te pūnaha io, Ngā io kanohi, Ngā io aro, Ngā io nekeneke