He aha tāu e mōhio ana mō tēnei wāhi whakamiharo i roto i te uma (te mediastinum)? Me kōrero taipitopito tāua!

Kua whakaaro koe me pēhea te tiaki i tō ngākau me ngā uaua toto nui i roto i tō uma kia haumaru, kia ora hoki? He wāhi nui te mediastinum hei āwhina i a ia kia haumaru, pērā i te whare. He kupu ngāwari, he wāhi tino nui i roto i te kōhao o tō tātou uma, i waenganui i ngā pukahukahu e rua. Me kōrero tātou mō tēnei i tēnei rā.

He aha te Mediastinum?

Ki te kī ngāwari, ko tō mediastinum te wāhi i roto i tō uma. Kei roto tō ngākau me ētahi atu hanganga nui. E toru ngā wāhanga matua o tō kōhao uma, te kōhao uma rānei. Ko ētahi atu wāhanga e rua ko te kōhao pleural maui, kei reira tō pukahukahu maui, me te kōhao pleural matau, kei reira tō pukahukahu matau. Ko te wāhi i waenganui i aua kōhao pleural e rua ko te mea e kiia nei e tātou ko te mediastinum. He wāhi tino nui, kāore?

He aha ngā hanganga o te mediastinum?

He maha ngā hanganga rerekē i roto i tō mediastinum, tae atu ki ngā whekau me ngā uaua toto. Me titiro tātou ki ēnei.

Ngā whekau i roto i te mediastinum:

• Te korokoro : Ina kai koe, ka haere te kai mai i tō korokoro ki tō puku mā te korokoro, te paipa kai rānei e kīia nei e tātou. Ka haere hoki mā tēnei mediastinum.
• Ngākau : Kei waenganui o tēnei mediastinum te ngākau, e pupuhi ana i te toto puta noa i te tinana. I mōhio koe he mea hipoki te ngākau, he rite ki te pēke, e kiia nei ko te pericardium ?
• Thymus: He repe tēnei e āwhina ana i tō tātou pūnaha ārai mate. Ka tino kaha te mahi i te wā e tamariki ana tātou, arā, i mua i te pakeketanga. Kei te taha whakarunga, o mua o te mediastinum.
• Te ara o te manawa : Kei mua tonu i te korokoro te pūhā e āwhina ana i a tātou ki te manawa. Ka rere mai i te pūtake o te kaki ki te uma, kātahi ka wehea kia rua, ka haere ki ia taha o ngā pukahukahu.

Ngā oko toto i roto i te mediastinum:

• Utauta brachiocephalic maui : Ka āwhina tēnei uaua ki te whakahoki i te toto mai i te taha maui o te tinana o runga ki te ngākau. E hono tika ana ki tētahi uaua nui e kiia nei ko te vena cava superior.
• Te uaua kava o runga:He uaua nui tēnei e kawe ana i te toto mai i te tinana o runga ki te ngākau. E hono tika ana ki te atrium matau, te rūma matau o runga o te ngākau.
• Te pūkahukahu: Ka hono tēnei oko toto ki te ventricle matau o te ngākau i tētahi wāhi e kiia nei ko te takirere pūkahukahu. I muri i te wehenga atu i te ngākau, ka wehea ki ngā uaua pūkahukahu matau me maui, ka kawe toto ki ngā pūkahukahu ki te whiwhi hāora.
• Aorta Uma: Ko te aorta te uaua nui rawa atu o tō tātou tinana. Koinei te mea e kawe ana i te toto whai hāora ki ngā whekau me ngā kiko katoa o te tinana. Ka hono atu ki te ventricle maui o te ngākau i te takirere aorta. Mai i reira, ka haere mā te uma me te puku. Ko te wāhanga e haere ana mā te uma, te aorta thoracic, kei roto i te mediastinum. He wāhanga anō hoki ōna, hei tauira, te aorta piki, te āwhata aorta, me te aorta heke.

Ētahi atu hanganga i roto i te mediastinum:

Haunga ēnei mea matua, kei roto i tēnei wāhi ētahi atu mea:

• Ngā kiko ngako me ngā kiko honohono
• Ngā pūnga lymph
• Ngā io
• awaawa o te uma
• Tuarā o te uma (he wāhanga o te tuaiwi e pā ana ki te uma)

He aha ngā mahi a te mediastinum?

Āe, he aha te mea ka pā ki tēnei mediastinum? He aha te hiranga o tēnei?

• He rite ki te kāinga mō te ngākau me ngā oko toto nui: He wāhi haumaru, he wāhi pumau hoki mō ngā oko toto nui e hono tika ana ki te ngākau, e kawe ana i te toto ki roto, ki waho hoki, tae atu ki te ngākau.
• Ka tiaki: Ka tiaki te thymus i ngā whekau nui pērā i te ngākau. Ko te kiko ngako me te kiko honohono i roto i te mediastinum ka mahi hei urunga huri noa i ēnei whekau. Hei tāpiri, ko te sternum, te 'wheua o waenganui o te uma ' rānei, kei mua o tō tātou uma, ka tiaki anō i tēnei wāhi nui.
• Hei ara whakawhiti: Whakaarohia he teihana tereina nui . Ko te mediastinum te ara whakawhiti mō ngā mea (pēnei i te kai me te manawa) kia neke whakamua, kia hoki mai i waenganui i te kaki me te uma, me waenganui hoki i te uma me te puku. Hei tauira, ka haria e te esophagus te kai me te inu mai i te korokoro ki te puku mā roto i tēnei mediastinum.

Kei hea te mediastinum?

Kua mōhio koe inaianei kei hea te mediastinum. Kei waenganui o te uma, i waenganui i ngā pukahukahu e rua.Ko te tikanga o te kupu Latina "mediastinum" ko "waenganui". Ko ōna rohe penei:

• Rohe o runga: Te wāhi e tīmata ai te kaki, arā, te pūtake o te kaki.
• Te rohe o raro: Te diaphragm. Koinei te uaua nui e wehe ana i te kōhao o te uma mai i te kōhao o te puku.
• Rohe o mua: Ko te sternum, ko te wheua waenga rānei o te uma.
• Rohe o muri: tuaiwi.
• Ngā rohe taha: Ko ngā pēke pleural e karapoti ana i ngā pukahukahu maui me matau.

He aha ngā wāhanga o te mediastinum?

Nā, me titiro tātou ki ngā wāhanga o tēnei mediastinum. He maha ngā wāhanga kua wehea. Ka karangatia ēnei e ngā tākuta he 'wāhanga'. He maha ngā huarahi hei whakarōpū i ēnei. Ko te mea nui me maumahara koe ko te taea te wehe i te mediastinum kia toru, kia whā rānei ngā wāhanga. Ā, ko aua ingoa e pā ana ki te wāhi kei reira aua wāhanga o te uma.

Te whakarōpūtanga tuku iho o ngā wāhanga e whā

E ai ki tēnei pūnaha tawhito, tuku iho, e whā ngā wāhanga o te mediastinum:

• Mediastinum teitei: Te wāhanga o runga rawa. Kei runga ake i te ngākau.
• Mediastinum o mua: Te wāhi kei mua i te ngākau. I waenganui i te ngākau me te sternum.
• Mediastinum waenga: Ko te wāhanga kei roto ko te ngākau.
• Posterior mediastinum: Te wāhanga kei muri i te ngākau.

Ko tēnei whakarōpūtanga e ahu mai ana i ngā whakaahua hihi-X. Nō reira, ka tirohia te ngākau i ngā taha e rua (2D).

Te whakarōpūtanga wāhanga-toru o te ITMIG

Nā te International Thymic Malignancy Interest Group (ITMIG) i whakauru mai tēnei pūnaha hou e toru ngā wāhanga. He mea hanga mai i te whakaahua whakawhiti-wāhanga (CT scans) ā, he tirohanga toru-ahu (3D) o te ngākau. E ai ki tēnei pūnaha, e toru ngā wāhanga o te mediastinum: 1. Te wāhanga prevascular: Kei mua i te ngākau tēnei, i waenganui i te ngākau me te wheua uma. Kei roto:

• Ngako
• Uaua brachiocephalic maui
• Ngā pūnga lymph
• Timu

2. Wāhanga ā-roto: Koinei te wāhanga o waenganui, te wāhi kei reira te ngākau. He aha ngā mea kei roto:

• Te korokoro (tētahi wāhanga)
• Ngākau
• Ngā pūnga lymph
• Te pūkahukahu
• Te pūwero o runga o te uaua
• Aorta uma
• awaawa o te uma
• Te trachea (tētahi wāhanga)

3. Wāhanga Paravertebral:Kei muri i te ngākau tēnei, i waenganui i te ngākau me te tuaiwi. Kei roto:

• Ngā kiko ngohengohe paravertebral
• Tuarā o te uma

Kia maumahara, ehara te mediastinum i te wāhi papatahi, he wāhi toru-ahu (3D). He rite ki te diorama e hangaia ana e koe i roto i tētahi pouaka iti. Kua whakaritea ngā mea o roto i roto i tētahi tikanga kia pai ai te mahi a ō tātou tinana. Heoi anō, ka pā pea ētahi mate ki ngā okana me ngā kiko i roto i te mediastinum, ā, ka taea te whakararuraru i tēnei taurite ngawari.

He aha ngā āhuatanga noa e pā ana ki te mediastinum?

He maha ngā āhuatanga ka pā ki ngā okana me ngā kiko i roto i te mediastinum. Ko ētahi o ēnei ka tīmata i roto i te mediastinum tonu, pērā i ngā pukupuku tuatahi, i ngā kiore wai rānei. I ētahi wā, ka horapa te mate, pērā i te mate pukupuku, ki te mediastinum mai i tētahi atu wāhi o te tinana. Ko ngā mate pūnaha e pā ana ki te tinana katoa ka pā hoki ki te mediastinum. Ko ētahi o ngā āhuatanga ka pā ki te mediastinum ko:

• Te wehenga o te aorta
• Te tamponade o te ngākau
• Matepukupuku korokoro
• Ko te puku
• Mate ngakau
• Lymphoma ( matepukupuku o te pūnaha lymphatic)
• Ngā pukupuku o te taha o te tinana
• Mediastinitis ( te pupuhi, te mate rānei o te mediastinum)
• Myasthenia gravis (mate ngoikore o te uaua)
• Te aneurysm aorta o te uma (te pupuhi o te wāhanga uma o te aorta)

He rerekē ngā tohu me ngā maimoatanga o ēnei mate. Mēnā kāore koe i te tino mōhio mō tētahi mate, he pai ake te kōrero ki tō tākuta kia nui ake ai ō whakaaro mōna.

He aha te Mediastinum Whānui?

Kua rongo pea koe i ngā tākuta e kī ana ka "whānui" te mediastinum i muri i te X-ray. Ko te tikanga tēnei, ina tirohia mai i muri ki mua (tirohanga anteroposterior) i runga i te X-ray, he whānui ake i te mea noa, neke atu i te 8 henimita te nuinga. He tohu haumanu tēnei e kitea ana e te tākuta, ehara i te mate . Ka taea e te mediastinum whānui te tohu i ngā momo mate hauora kei raro. Hei tauira:

• Te wehenga o te aorta
• Ngā whati o te rara, o te tuaiwi rānei
• Te tamponade o te ngākau
• Te pukupuku o te taha o te tinana
• Te mate pāwera o te roro
• Te aneurysm o te aorta o te uma

He aha ngā whakamātautau e mahia ana hei tirotiro i te hauora o te mediastinum?

Ka whakamahia pea e tō tākuta ngā whakamātautau pēnei hei tirotiro i te mediastinum:

• X-ray o te uma
• Matawai CT (Matawai Tomography Rorohiko (CT))
• Matawai MRI (Matawai whakaahua aukume (MRI))
• Mediastinoscopy ( whakaurunga o tētahi kāmera iti)
• Whakamātautau ultrasound

Tērā pea ka tūtohu tō tākuta i ēnei whakamātautau hei āwhina i a koe ki te kimi i te pūtake o ō tohu, hei aroturuki rānei i tētahi mate kua tautuhia kētia. Kia mahara ki te kōrero ki tō tākuta mō ngā whakamātautau e hiahiatia ana e koe, he aha koe i hiahia ai ki aua whakamātautau, me pēhea te whakarite mō aua whakamātautau.

Me pēhea taku pupuri i te hauora o taku mediastinum?

Mā te whai i tētahi momo noho hauora, ka taea e koe te tiaki i a koe anō mai i ngā āhuatanga maha e pā ana ki te mediastinum. Anei ētahi tohutohu māmā hei āwhina i a koe:

• Kaua e kai hikareti me ngā hua tupeka katoa. Rapua he tohutohu me te tautoko mai i tō tākuta hei āwhina i a koe ki te whakamutu i te kai hikareti.
• Kai i ngā kai hauora mō te ngākau. Kai atu i ngā huawhenua, ngā hua rākau, ngā pīni, me ngā witi katoa. Whakaitihia te hinu, te tote, me te huka.
• Whakakorikori tinana i ia wā. He mea pai kia kōrero koe ki tō tākuta i mua i te tīmatanga o tētahi mahere whakakorikori tinana hou.
• Whakawhāitihia, kati rawatia rānei te whakamahi waipiro .
• Tangohia ngā rongoā i whakaritea ki a koe i te wā tika, ā, i te wā tika hoki.
• Me haere ki ngā tirotiro hauora ā-tau . Pērā ai, mēnā he raruraru, ka taea te tautuhi wawe.

Hei whakamutunga, ngā mea hei maumahara (Karere hei tango ki te kāinga)

Nō reira, ko tāku tumanako kua mārama kē koe ki te tikanga o te mediastinum, ki ngā mea kei roto, me tōna hiranga.

He wāhi tino nui te mediastinum i roto i tō tātou uma, i waenganui i ngā pukahukahu, e pupuri ana, e tiaki ana hoki i te ngākau me ētahi atu mea nui. He maha ngā wā ka whakaarohia e tātou ngā whekau nui o roto, pērā i te ngākau, engari ka wareware pea tātou ki tēnei wāhi e kiia nei ko te mediastinum.

Heoi anō, he mea tino nui te mōhio ki te hanganga o te mediastinum me ngā kupu e whakamahia ana e ngā tākuta, inā koa mēnā kua kitea koe, tētahi rānei e tata ana ki a koe kua pāngia e tēnei mate. Mēnā he pātai anō āu mō te mediastinum, me tōna pānga ki tō hauora, kaua e mangere ki te kōrero ki tō tākuta. Ka koa rātou ki te whakamārama i ngā mea katoa e hiahia ana koe ki te mōhio.