Ka taea e te kupu "matepukupuku" te whakaoho i te wehi nui ki a tātou katoa. Engari nā te whanaketanga o te pūtaiao hauora, kua puta he maimoatanga tino kaha hei whawhai i tēnei mate. Kua rongo pea koe i te chemotherapy, arā, ko te tuku rongoā e whakangaro tika ana i ngā pūtau matepukupuku. Waihoki, ko tētahi maimoatanga hou e kōrerohia nuitia ana i tēnei wā ko te immunotherapy. Kei roto i tēnei ko te whakaoho i te pūnaha ārai mate o tō tātou tinana, me te whawhai ki te matepukupuku. Engari i ētahi wā, he uaua ki te whakatutuki i ngā hua e hiahiatia ana mā te kotahi maimoatanga anake. Koia te take i puta ai te ariā o te "Manaaki Whakakotahi" e kōrerohia nei e tātou i tēnei rā.
He aha ai me whakakotahi ēnei maimoatanga?
He māmā noa iho, he nui ake te tūponotanga ka toa tētahi tīma toa he rerekē ngā pūkenga i te toa kotahi e whawhai ana ko ia anake. Pērā anō hoki i roto i te maimoatanga mate pukupuku. Ina whakamahia ngātahitia tētahi, neke atu rānei, o ngā maimoatanga, ka nui ake te tūponotanga ka taea te whakahaere i te mate pukupuku, te whakaora katoa, te whakaroa rānei i te oranga o te tūroro.
He mea tino nui ēnei maimoatanga whakakotahi mō ngā mate pukupuku kino, kua horapa rānei, pērā i te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu me te melanoma kiri.
He aha ngā tumanakohanga matua mai i te whakakotahitanga o ēnei maimoatanga?
- Te whakapakari i te pakanga a tō tātou pūnaha ārai mate ki te mate pukupuku: Mā ētahi maimoatanga ka ngāwari ake te kite a te pūnaha ārai mate i ngā pūtau mate pukupuku.
- Te whakararuraru i te kaha o ngā pūtau matepukupuku ki te "huna" mai i te pūnaha ārai mate: He tino mātanga ngā pūtau matepukupuku. He maha ngā rautaki e whakamahia ana e rātou hei karo i tō tātou pūnaha ārai mate. Ka taea e ngā maimoatanga whakakotahi te whakararuraru i ēnei rautaki.
- Te whakaiti i te maha o ngā pūtau matepukupuku, te rahi rānei o te puku: Ina whakaitihia e tētahi maimoatanga tētahi puku, ka māmā ake te whakangaro i ngā pūtau e toe ana mā tētahi atu maimoatanga.
Ngā maimoatanga whakakotahi e whakamahia whānuitia ana
Ka whakakotahi ngā tākuta i ngā maimoatanga rerekē. Me titiro tātou ki ētahi o aua maimoatanga.
1. He momo motuhake o te rongoā ārai mate e kiia nei ko ngā Kaitautoko Tirohia
He maimoatanga tino whakamere tēnei. Whakaarohia tō tātou pūnaha ārai mate hei ope taua e tiaki ana i te whenua. Ka taea e ēnei pūtau ope taua (ngā pūtau-T) te tautuhi me te whakaeke i ngā pūtau hoariri. Engari i ētahi wā ka whakawetohia e ngā pūtau matepukupuku ngā "wāhi tirotiro" i roto i ēnei pūtau ope taua ka takaro tinihanga, me te kī, "Ko ahau tētahi o koutou, kaua e whakaeke i ahau."
Ko tā ngā rongoā e kiia nei ko ngā 'Checkpoint Inhibitors' he tahuri anō i te pana kua whakawetohia e ngā pūtau matepukupuku. Kātahi ka taea e tō tātou pūnaha ārai mate te kite i ngā pūtau matepukupuku ka tīmata ki te whakaeke i a rātou.
Neke atu i te 75% o ngā rangahau ārai mate i ēnei rā e whakakotahi ana i ēnei aukati tirotiro me ētahi atu maimoatanga. Ka āwhina tēnei huarahi ki te whakaiti i ngā momo mate pukupuku maha, ka puta he hua mō te wā roa me te iti ake o ngā pānga taha.
Hei tauira, ko te huinga o ngā rongoā aukati tirotiro e rua, ko te ipilimumab me te nivolumab, kua whakamahia angitu mō ngā tau maha hei rongoā i te melanoma kaha kua horapa ki te roro.
Kua whakaaetia tēnei matū mō te mate pukupuku o te whatukuhu, te koroni, te ate, te pukahukahu, me ētahi atu momo mate pukupuku.
2. Te Whakakotahi i te Ārai Mate me te Matūkaimoana
He tikanga anō tēnei kua tino angitu ngā hua. Ahakoa ka whakangaromia e te chemotherapy ngā pūtau matepukupuku, ka āwhina te immunotherapy i te pūnaha ārai mate ki te kimi me te whakangaro i ngā pūtau e toe ana.
| Momo mate pukupuku | Ko te painga o te maimoatanga whakakotahi |
|---|---|
| Matepukupuku o te ū | He uaua ki te pūnaha ārai mate te kite i ētahi momo mate pukupuku o te ū, engari he tino pai ngā hua kua puta mai i te whakakotahitanga o te immunotherapy me te chemotherapy (hei tauira, Taxol). |
| Matepukupuku Repeure | Kua puta he hua pai mā te whakakotahi i te chemotherapy me ngā rongoā ārai mate pērā i te nivolumab mō te mate pukupuku repeure kua horapa puta noa i te tinana. |
| Ngā Matepukupuku Toto | He tino angitu ngā maimoatanga pēnei i te rongoā pūtau-T CAR mō ngā mate pukupuku toto pēnei i te leukemia. Hei tāpiri, ko te whakakotahi i ngā rongoā aukati tirotiro me te chemotherapy kua tata rua te pikinga o te angitu o ngā tūroro kāore i aro ki te maimoatanga. |
| Matepukupuku o te kōpū | Mō ngā mate pukupuku e hoki mai ana i muri i te chemotherapy me te radiation, kua tino piki ake te oranga o ngā tūroro nā te tāpiri o te immunotherapy. |
3. Te Whakakotahi i te Ārai Mate me te Whakaora Whaiaro
He rerekē te huarahi 'Whakaora Whāinga' i te rongoā matepukupuku. Ka pā te rongoā matepukupuku ki ngā pūtau tere wehewehe katoa (ngā pūtau matepukupuku me ngā pūtau hauora). Heoi, ka arotahi te 'Whakaora Whāinga' ki tētahi hapa ira, ki tētahi hapa pūmua rānei e tupu ai ngā pūtau matepukupuku.
Kei te whakaatuhia ngā hua pai i te whakakotahitanga o tēnei huarahi me te rongoā ārai mate. Hei tauira, kua whakaaetia ēnei maimoatanga whakakotahi mō te mate pukupuku whatukuhu me te mate pukupuku endometrial.
4. Pokanga me te Ārai Mate
He huarahi tino nui anō hoki tēnei.
- I mua i te pokanga: Ka taea e te rongoā ārai mate te whakaiti i te rahi o te mate pukupuku, ka māmā ake te pokanga, ka whakaiti hoki i te nui o te kiko hei tango.
- I muri i te pokanga: Ka taea e te immunotherapy te āwhina i te pūnaha ārai mate ki te whakangaro i ngā pūtau matepukupuku iti rawa (micrometastases) e kore pea e kitea e te kanohi tahanga i muri i te pokanga. Ma tenei ka whakaiti i te tuponotanga o te hokinga mai o te matepukupuku.
He tino pai ngā hua o tēnei tikanga mō ngā mate pukupuku o te roro, te pūkahukahu, te ū, te koroni, me te waha.
5. Te Whakaora Ārai Mate me te Whakaora Irahiko
Ka whakaitihia ngā pukupuku e te rongoā irahiko. E whakapono ana hoki ngā kairangahau mā ngā tohu e tukuna ana e ngā pūtau matepukupuku kua whakararuhia ka māmā ake te kite a te pūnaha ārai mate i te matepukupuku. Nō reira, kei te haere tonu ngā rangahau kia kite ai mēnā ka taea e te whakakotahi i te rongoā ārai mate me te rongoā irahiko te whakarei ake i te whai huatanga o te maimoatanga.
Ko te mea nui: Mena kei te pāngia koe, tetahi rānei e tata ana ki a koe e te mate pukupuku, he mea nui kia kōrero whānuitia, kia mārama hoki ki tō tākuta mō te maimoatanga pai rawa atu māu, mēnā e hiahiatia ana te rongoā whakakotahi, me ngā painga me ngā huakore. Ko ngā mōhiohio kei runga i te Ipurangi he mea hei whakamōhio noa iho, kaua rawa e kiia he whakakapi mō ngā tohutohu hauora.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- He maha ngā wā ka nui ake ngā hua ka puta mai i te maimoatanga whakakotahi i te maimoatanga kotahi mō te mate pukupuku.
- Ka hangaia ngā mahere maimoatanga mā te whakakotahi i ngā tikanga pēnei i te immunotherapy, te chemotherapy, te therapy arotahi, te pokanga, me te radiation therapy i ngā huarahi maha.
- Ka taea e ēnei maimoatanga whakakotahi te whakatutuki i ngā whāinga pēnei i te whakangaro i ngā pūtau matepukupuku, te whakapakari i te pūnaha ārai mate, me te aukati i te hokinga mai o te matepukupuku.
- He mara e tere whanake ana tēnei, kei te whakaurua tonutia mai ngā momo maimoatanga hou, whai hua ake hoki.
- Ko tō tākuta mate pukupuku anake ka taea te whakatau i te mahere maimoatanga pai rawa atu māu, nō reira kōrerotia ngā whakataunga katoa me tō tākuta.
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