E mōhio ana koe ki te mate pukupuku o te pūkahukahu? Me kōrero māmā noa iho.

Kua rongo koe i tētahi okana iti, he rite ki te pēke, kei te taha matau o tō puku, i raro noa i tō ate? Ka kiia e mātou ko te pūkahukahu. Ka rongoa e ia he wai e kiia nei ko te 'au' i hangaia e te ate. Ka āwhina tēnei au i a tātou ki te nakunaku i ngā kai ngako e kainga ana e tātou. Nō reira, i ētahi wā ka tīmata te tipu o ngā pūtau matepukupuku i roto i tēnei okana iti. Koinei te mea e kiia nei e mātou ko te matepukupuku pūkahukahu.

He aha te matepukupuku o te pūngāwerewere?

Ki te kī ngāwari, ko te mate pukupuku o te pūkahukahu te wā e matepukupuku ai ngā pūtau hauora i roto i te pūkahukahu, ā, ka tipu haere, kāore e taea te whakahaere. Ko te tikanga ka tīmata tēnei mate pukupuku i te paparanga o roto rawa o ngā pūtau i roto i te pūkahukahu. Ka kiia e mātou ko te '(paparanga kiriuhi)'. Kātahi ka tīmata te horapa haere ki waho.

Ko te raru nui o tēnei ko te kore e whakaatu i ngā tohu i ngā wāhanga tōmua . I te nuinga o te wā, ka kitea noa iho mā te tūpono. Whakaarohia, ka kitea noa tēnei mate pukupuku e ngā tākuta ina pokangahia ana hei tango i te pūkahukahu mō tētahi atu take.

Engari he rongo pai tēnei. Mēnā ka kitea tēnei mate pukupuku i tōna tīmatanga, arā, ki te kore e horapa ki tua atu i te pūkahukahu, he nui ake te tūponotanga ka taea te tango katoa mā te pokanga me te ora katoa . Heoi, mō te tini o te tangata, kua horapa kē te mate pukupuku ki tua atu i te pūkahukahu i te wā e kitea ai. I taua wā, ka uaua ake te maimoatanga.

He pēhea te noa o tēnei mate?

Ahakoa kāore i a mātou ngā raraunga motuhake mō tēnei i Sri Lanka, he mate pukupuku tino onge tēnei i ngā whenua pēnei i Amerika. Heoi, he mea noa i ngā whenua Āhia pēnei i Īnia, Hapani, Kōrea, me ētahi whenua o Amerika ki te Tonga. Ko te take o tēnei ko te pikinga ake o te maha o ngā kōhatu pūkahukahu i waenga i te iwi o aua whenua. Nā te mea he take nui te mōrearea o ngā kōhatu pūkahukahu mō tēnei mate pukupuku.

He aha ngā tohu o te mate pukupuku o te pūkahukahu?

E ai ki taku kōrero i mua, ko te take matua he uaua ki te tautuhi i tēnei mate pukupuku, nā te mea kāore e whakaatu i ngā tohu i ngā wāhanga tōmua. Ahakoa ka puta mai ngā tohu, he rite tonu ki ngā tohu o ngā kōhatu pūkahukahu. Nō reira ka whakaaro te tangata, "Āe, he kōhatu pea ēnei."

Engari, ki te mea kei a koe ngā tohu i raro nei, he mea tino nui kia tiakina koe.

He aha te take e puta ai tēnei mate pukupuku? He aha ngā āhuatanga mōrearea?

Kāore anō kia tino mōhiotia e ngā kaipūtaiao me pēhea te hurihanga o tētahi pūtau hauora hei pūtau matepukupuku. Engari kua kitea e rātou ētahi mea e whakanui ake ana i te tūponotanga o te whakawhanake i tēnei matepukupuku. Ka kiia ēnei he āhuatanga mōrearea.

Ko tēnei mate pukupuku e puta mai ana i ngā huringa (ngā whakarerekētanga) o ngā ira. Engari ehara ēnei i te huringa ira i tukuna iho mai i ngā mātua. He huringa e puta ana i te wā e ora ana.

Ko wai kei te mōrearea nui ake?

• Mō ngā wāhine: He nui ake te mōrearea o ngā wāhine ki te pāngia e tēnei mate pukupuku i ngā tāne.
• Mō te hunga neke atu i te 65 tau te pakeke: Ka piki ake te mōrearea i te pakeketanga. Ko te tau toharite mō te tātaritanga he tata ki te 72 tau.
• Mō te hunga he kohatu pūkahukahu: Koinei te tino take mōrearea. Ka taea e te hunga tokoiti he kohatu pūkahukahu te pāngia e tēnei mate pukupuku.
• Mō te hunga whai polyp o te pūkahukahu: Ka taea e ngā tupu iti e puta ana i te pakitara o te pūkahukahu te huri hei mate pukupuku.
• Te mate pūkahukahu mau tonu: Ka nui ake te mōrearea mēnā kua roa te mumura o te pūkahukahu.
• Momonatanga: He take mōrearea anō hoki te taumaha nui.
• Mate taipoi: Ko te mate taipoi i puta mai i te huakita 'Salmonella typhi' he mate mau tonu, ā, he mōrearea hoki.
• Pūkahukahu pōrohe: He āhuatanga e pupū ake ai ngā putunga konupūmā i roto i ngā pakitara o te pūkahukahu, ka rite ai ki te pereki pōrohe. Ka piki ake hoki te mōrearea o te mate pukupuku.
• Ngā pūkahukahu choledochal: He āhua rite ki te pūkahukahu e puta ana i roto i ngā awaawa au.

Hei tāpiritanga, e whakaponohia ana ko te momi hikareti me te pānga ki ētahi matū e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā ahumahi rapa me te kakahu ka piki ake te mōrearea.

Me pēhea te tautuhi i tēnei mate?

E ai ki taku kōrero i mua, he uaua ki te tautuhi i te mate nā te mea kāore he tohu. Ina haere koe ki te tākuta, ka pātai atu ia ki a koe mō ō tohu, mō tō hītori hauora whānau, ā, ka tirotirohia koe. Kātahi, ki te whakapaetia he mate pukupuku, ka whakahau ia i ētahi whakamātautau.

1. Ngā whakamātautau toto (ngā whakamātautau taiwhanga)

Ka taea te ine i ētahi mea o roto i te toto hei tohu mō te mate pukupuku.

• Whakamātautau mahi ate: Ka ine tēnei i ngā taumata o ngā whākōkī e tukuna ana e te ate. Tērā pea ka rerekē ēnei taumata mēnā kua pāngia te ate e te matepukupuku.
• Ngā whakamātautau tohu pukupuku: Ko ngā whakamātautau toto e kiia nei ko te CEA me te CA 19-9 ka titiro ki ngā taumata o ngā matū e tukuna ana e ngā pūtau matepukupuku. Mēnā ka teitei ake ēnei, ka ara ake te whakapae he matepukupuku.

2. Ngā whakamātautau whakaahua

Ka tangohia e ēnei whakamātautau ngā whakaahua o ngā whekau i roto i te tinana hei tirotiro mēnā he mate pukupuku, me te whānui o tōna horapa.

• Whakamātautau oro puku: Koinei te whakamātautau māmā rawa atu ki te mahi tuatahi. Ka tangohia ngā whakaahua o ngā whekau puku. Mēnā ka kitea he mea pēnei i te pukupuku, ka tukuna koe kia whakamātauria anō.
• Matawai CT (Tomography rorohiko):Ka whakamahia ngā hihi-X hei tango whakaahua whakawhiti-wāhanga o te tinana. Mā tēnei ka taea te kite i te maha o ngā taipitopito.
• Matawai MRI (Whakaahua aukume): Ka whakamahi i te papa aukume hei tango pikitia taipitopito o roto o te tinana.
• ERCP (Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography): Ka whakauruhia he endoscope (he ngongo angiangi me te kāmera) mā te waha, ka werohia he tae ki roto i ngā awaawa o te ate, ā, ka tangohia he whakaahua hihi-X. Ka taea te whakamahi i tēnei hei tirotiro mēnā kua whaiti ngā awaawa nā te mate pukupuku.

3. Ngā Pokanga

• Ko te koiora: Koinei anake te huarahi hei tino mōhio kei te kitea te mate pukupuku. Ko te tikanga o tēnei ko te tango i tētahi wahi iti o te kiko mai i te puku whakapae, ka tirotirohia i raro i te karu hiko.
• Laparoscopy: Ka tapahia he wahi iti ki te puku, ā, ka whakauruhia he ngongo angiangi me te kāmera, kia taea ai e te tākuta te tiro tika i te pūkahukahu me ngā kiko e karapoti ana. Mā tēnei ka āwhina i te aromatawai i te horapa o te mate pukupuku.

Ngā Wāhanga Matepukupuku me te Maimoatanga

Kia kitea te mate pukupuku e ngā tākuta, ka kitea te horapa o te mate pukupuku ki roto i te tinana. Ka kiia tēnei ko te wāhanga o te mate pukupuku. Ka whakatauhia te maimoatanga i runga i tēnei wāhanga.

• Wāhanga 0: Ko ngā pūtau rerekē ka huri hei matepukupuku kei roto noa i te paparanga o roto o te pūkahukahu.
• Wāhanga 1: Kei roto i te paparanga o roto o te pūkahukahu te matepukupuku, ā, kua horapa pea ki te paparanga uaua.
• Wāhanga 2: Kua horapa te mate pukupuku ki tua atu i te paparanga uaua.
• Wāhanga 3: Kua horapa te mate pukupuku ki te paparanga o waho o te pūkahukahu me ngā whekau tata, pērā i te ate, i ngā kōpū lymph rānei.
• Wāhanga 4: Kua horapa te mate pukupuku ki ngā whekau tawhiti, ki ngā uaua toto, me ngā kōpū lymph maha.

Ko te wāhanga 1 o te mate pukupuku e kiia ana ko te "rohe". Ko te tikanga o tēnei, kei roto tonu te mate pukupuku i te pūkahukahu. I tēnei wāhanga, ka taea te whakaora katoa mā te pokanga. Ka uaua ake te maimoatanga i ngā wāhanga 2, 3, me te 4.

He aha ngā maimoatanga?

He maha ngā āhuatanga e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga, pērā i te taumata o te mate pukupuku me tō hauora whānui.

Te maimoatanga mō te mate pukupuku i te wā tōmua

Ki te kitea wawe te mate pukupuku, ko te whāinga matua ko te tango katoa i te mate pukupuku mā te pokanga, me te ārai i tōna hokinga mai.

• Pokanga: Ka whakahaerehia e te taote matepukupuku he cholecystectomy hei tango i te pūkahukahu. I ētahi wā, ehara i te mea ko te pūkahukahu anake engari ko ngā kōpū lymph e karapoti ana me tētahi wāhanga iti o te ate me tango.
• Whakaora irahiko: Ka tukuna ngā hihi kaha-nui hei whakangaro i ngā pūtau matepukupuku e toe ana i muri i te pokanga.
• Te rongoā matū:Ka hoatu ngā rongoā hei patu i ngā pūtau matepukupuku, hei aukati rānei i tō rātou tipu. Ka taea tēnei te hoatu i muri i te pokanga, i te rongoā irahiko rānei.

Te maimoatanga mō te mate pukupuku kua whanake

Ko te whāinga o te maimoatanga mō te mate pukupuku kāore e taea te tango, te mate pukupuku e hokihoki mai ana rānei, he whakahaere i ngā tohu me te whakaroa i te oranga, kaua ki te whakaora i te mate.

Ka whakamahia hoki te irahiko me te rongoā mate pukupuku i konei. Hei tāpiri, tera pea ka whai wāhi koe ki ngā whakamātautau haumanu o ngā maimoatanga hou.

• Te rongoā arotahi: Ka hoatu he rongoā e arotahi ana ki ngā huringa ira motuhake o ngā pūtau matepukupuku.
• Ārai Mate: Ka whakaoho i te pūnaha ārai mate o te tinana kia tautuhi me te whakangaro i ngā pūtau matepukupuku.

He pānga taha kei te rongoā?

Āe. Pērā i ngā maimoatanga katoa, tera pea he pānga taha. He tūponotanga kei roto i te pokanga pērā i ngā raruraru mai i te rongoā whakamoe, te mate urutā, me ngā toto totoka. Ka taea e te rongoā chemotherapy me ngā maimoatanga irahiko te whakaputa pānga taha pērā i te ngaronga o te makawe, te whakapairuaki, me te ngenge. Engari he rerekē ēnei mō ia tangata. He mea nui kia kōrero noa koe ki tō tākuta mō ngā maimoatanga e whiwhi ana koe me ō rātou pānga taha kia mārama ai koe.

Ka taea te whakaora i tēnei mate?

Ka taea te whakaora. Engari me kite wawe te mate pukupuku, ā, me tango mā te pokanga i mua i te horapa ki ētahi atu whekau. Ki te roa te wā kāore e rongoatia, ka iti ake te tūponotanga ka ora. Koia mātou e kī ana kia tūpato ki ngā tohu.