He maremare maroke tonu tōu, ā, he uaua ki te manawa? Tērā pea he mate pūkahukahu ā-roto (ILD)!

He uaua hoki ki a koe te manawa ina ngenge koe, ina piki koe i te arawhata? He maremare maroke tonu tōu i ētahi wā, kāore he take e kitea ana? He maha ngā wā ka wareware tātou he ngenge noa iho ēnei tohu, he mate pāwera iti rānei. Heoi, koinei pea ngā tohu tuatahi o ngā huringa nui e puta ana i roto i ō tātou pukahukahu. I tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō tētahi o aua mate, arā, ko te Interstitial Lung Disease, ko te ILD rānei.

He aha te mate pūkahukahu interstitial (ILD)?

Whakaarohia ō tātou pūkahukahu he rite ki ngā hautai e rua e kī ana i ngā miriona mirumiru hau ririki. Ko ēnei pēke hau ririki e kiia ana ko ngā alveoli . Ina manawa tātou, ka tāpirihia te hāora e tangohia ana e tātou ki roto i ō tātou toto mā roto i ēnei pēke hau. Ā, ka tukuna anō te hauhā waro kāore e hiahiatia i roto i te toto mā roto i ēnei pēke hau.

Ināianei, i waenganui i ēnei pēke hau, pērā i te moata i waenganui i ngā pereki i roto i te pakitara pereki, he whatunga o ngā kiko ngawari. Koinei te mea e kiia nei e tātou ko te interstitium . I roto i te ILD, ka pakaru tēnei whatunga o ngā kiko ngawari, ka pakaru rānei, ā, ka mātotoru haere, ka whakapakeke, ka puta he whara (fibrosis) .

Ina matotoru haere te kiko o te pukahukahu i tēnei ara, ka āraia te rere o te hāora mai i ngā pēke hau ki te toto. Nō reira, kāore e whiwhi te tinana i te nui o te hāora e hiahiatia ana. Koinei te tino take o ngā tohu pēnei i te poto o te manawa me te ngenge.

Ehara te ILD i te mate kotahi. Neke atu i te 200 ngā āhuatanga kua whakarōpūtia i raro i tēnei ingoa. Ko te āhuatanga noa o ēnei katoa ko te pakaru o te kiko interstitial o ngā pukahukahu.

He aha ngā tohu o te tangata whai ILD?

Kāore pea ngā tohu o te ILD e tino kino i te tīmatanga. Heoi, i roto i te wā, i roto i ngā marama, i ngā tau rānei, ka piki haere ēnei tohu. Koinei ngā tohu e pāngia ana e te nuinga o te tangata.

Ki te mea kei a koe ēnei tohu, kaua e whakaaro kei a koe te ILD. Engari kaua hoki e warewaretia. He mea nui kia kite i tō tākuta , ina koa mēnā he poto te manawa, he maremare maroke hoki kua roa e mau ana .

He aha i puta ai tēnei momo mate? He aha ngā take?

Ka taea te wehewehe i ngā pūtake o te ILD kia rua ngā wāhanga: ngā pūtake e mōhiotia ana me ngā pūtake kāore i te mōhiotia/idiopathic .

1. Ngā Take e Mōhiotia ana

Ko te tikanga tēnei ka taea e tātou te kī me te tino mohio, "Koinei te take i puta ai tēnei mate."

• Ngā Mate Pūnaha Ārai Mate, Ngā Mate Honohono rānei: I ētahi wā ka tīmata te pūnaha ārai mate o tō tātou tinana ki te whakaeke i ngā kiko hauora o tō tātou tinana. Ko te hunga whai mate pēnei i te Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) , te Lupus , me te Scleroderma, he nui ake te mōrearea ki te whakawhanake i te ILD.
• Ngā pānga ki te mahi me te taiao: Ka taea e ētahi o ngā matūriki puehu e manawahia ana e tātou te whakararu i ngā pukahukahu mō te wā roa.
• Puehu silica: Mō te hunga e mahi ana i ngā rua keri, ngā maina, me ngā wheketere uku.
• Ngā muka asbestos:Mō te hunga e whakahoro ana i ngā whare tawhito, e mahi ana i roto i te umanga kaipuke, e mahi ana hoki me ngā papa parai i roto i ētahi waka.
• Puehu witi, tarutaru maroke, paru manu: He mate e kiia nei ko te Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis ka pā ki te hunga e mahi pāmu ana, e whakatipu kararehe ana rānei.
• Ngā poke me ngā harore: Mō te hunga e mahi ana i ngā taiao makuku, korekore hoki te hauhautanga.
• Ko ētahi rongoā me ngā maimoatanga:
• Ngā rongoā pēnei i te amiodarone, e whakamahia ana hei rongoā i ētahi mate ngakau.
• Ētahi rongoā ārai matepukupuku (rongoā chemotherapy) .
• Te rongoā irahiko mō te mate pukupuku o te ū, o te pūkahukahu rānei.
• Ētahi mate urutā: Ka pā pea te whara o ngā pukahukahu ahakoa kua pāngia e ngā mate urutā kino pērā i te mate kohi me te niumōnia .

2. Ngā take kāore i te mōhiotia (Idiopathic)

I ngā wā maha, kāore e kitea he take motuhake mō te ILD. Kāore he mate kē atu o te tūroro, kāore hoki he pānga ki tētahi matū kino, engari he whara te kiko o te pukahukahu. Ka kiia ēnei take he idiopathic , arā, "kāore i te mōhiotia te take".

Ko te mea tino noa, ā, ko te mea tino kino ko te Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) .

Ko wai kei te mōrearea nui ake mō te ILD?

Ahakoa ka taea e te tangata katoa te pāngia e te ILD, he nui ake te tūponotanga o ētahi tāngata ki te pāngia e tēnei mate.

Me pēhea te tautuhi a te tākuta i tēnei mate?

Ina kite koe i tētahi tākuta me ngā tohu i whakahuatia ake nei e koe, ka whakahaerehia e ia ētahi whakamātautau hei tātaritanga tika i tēnei mate.

1. Te pātai atu ki a koe mō ō tohumate: Tuatahi, ka pātai atu rātou mō ō tohumate, te rā i tīmata ai, te wā i kino haere ai, me ētahi atu. Ka pātai atu anō hoki rātou mō tō mahi, mēnā kua pāngia tētahi o tō whānau e ngā mate ōrite, me ētahi atu rongoā e tangohia ana e koe.

2. Whakamātautau tinana: Ka whakatakotoria e te tākuta he stethoscope ki tō uma, ka whakarongo ki ngā oro e puta ana i a koe e manawa ana. He maha ngā tāngata whai ILD e rongo ana i ngā "pakū" i roto i ō rātou pukahukahu, pērā i te wetewete o te Velcro .

3. Ngā Whakamātautau Mahi Pūkahukahu (PFT): I tēnei whakamātautau, ka tonoa koe kia manawa ki roto, ki waho hoki mā roto i tētahi ngongo e hono ana ki tētahi mīhini. Ka ine tēnei whakamātautau i te nui o te hau ka taea e ō pūkahukahu te pupuri me te tere o tō manawa ki waho. I roto i te ILD, ka whakaitihia te kaha o te pūkahukahu.

4. Ngā Whakamātautau Whakaahua:

• X-ray o te uma: Ka taea e te X-ray o te uma te whakaatu i te āhua o ngā koha kei roto i ngā pukahukahu.
• Matawai CT Taumira-Teitei (HRCT): Koinei te whakamātautau tino nui mō te tautuhi i te ILD. Ka taea e ia te whakaputa i ngā whakaahua mārama ake, taipitopito ake i te matawai CT noa. Ka taea e ia te whakaatu pai ake i te āhua o te whara i roto i ngā pukahukahu me te horapa o taua whara (ngā tauira pēnei i te "honeycombing").

5. Ngā Whakamātautau Toto: Ka whakamātauria ngā tauira toto hei kite i ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora, pērā i ngā mate pūnaha ārai mate.

6. Pūnaha tirotiro kanohi: I ētahi wā, ka tukuna he ngongo angiangi me te kāmera e piri ana mā te ihu, mā te waha rānei ki roto i ngā pukahukahu, ka tirohia ki roto, ā, ka tangohia he tauira kiko (koiora).

7.Koiora Pokanga: Mena kāore e taea te whakatau i ngā whakamātautau o runga ake nei, ka mahia he pokanga iti hei tango i tētahi wahi kiko iti mai i te pukahukahu hei tirotiro.

He aha ngā maimoatanga mō te ILD?

Engari, kāore anō kia kitea he rongoā mō te ILD i tēnei wā, arā, kāore anō kia kitea he rongoā mō te whara e puta ana i roto i ngā pukahukahu. Heoi, he maha ngā maimoatanga hei āwhina i te whakahaere i te haere whakamua o te mate, te whakaiti i ngā tohu, me te whakapai ake i te kounga o tō oranga. Ko te maimoatanga e whakawhirinaki ana ki te momo ILD kei a koe, te kaha o te mate, me tō hauora whānui.

Anei ētahi o ngā tikanga maimoatanga matua:

• Ngā rongoā:
• Corticosteroids: Ka whakaitihia e ngā rongoā pēnei i te Prednisolone te mumura i roto i ngā pukahukahu.
• Ngā rongoā ārai-fibrotic: Ka taea e ngā rongoā pēnei i te Pirfenidone me te Nintedanib te whakaroa i te tere o te hanga i ngā whara o te pukahukahu. Ka hoatu motuhaketia ēnei ki ngā tūroro he IPF.
• Ngā rongoā ārai mate: Ko te hunga whai ILD nā ngā mate pūnaha ārai mate ka hoatu ki a rātou ngā rongoā hei whakaiti i te mahi a te pūnaha ārai mate.
• Whakaora Hāora: Mō te hunga he iti te hāora i roto i te toto, ka tukuna he hāora tāpiri mā te ngongo ihu, mā te kopare kanohi rānei. Ka āwhina tēnei ki te whakaiti i te poto o te manawa me te ngenge.
• Te Whakaora i ngā Pūkahukahu: He rite tēnei ki te 'whakaora tinana' mō ngā pūkahukahu. Mā tētahi tīma whakangungu motuhake koe e hoatu ki ngā mahi manawa, ki te whakakorikori tinana, me ngā tohutohu kai. Mā tēnei ka whakanui ake i tō kaha, ka āwhina hoki i a koe ki te ora me ō tohumate.
• Te Whakatō Pūkahukahu: Mō te hunga he tino kino te mate, ā, kāore e taea te whakahaere e tētahi atu maimoatanga, ko te huarahi whakamutunga ko te whakato i tētahi pūkahukahu hauora.

He aha ngā mea ka taea e au te mahi i a au e noho tahi ana me te ILD?

He mea noa te pōuri me te mataku ina whiwhi koe i te tātaritanga ILD. Heoi, mā te hanga i ngā huringa iti ki tō momo noho me te whai i ngā tohutohu a tō tākuta, ka taea e koe te noho pai me tēnei mate.

• Kaua e kai paipa rawa: Mena he kai paipa koe, ko te mea pai rawa atu ka taea e koe ko te whakamutu i tēnei rā tonu.
• Kai i tētahi kai hauora: Mā te kai i tētahi kai taurite ka āwhina i te pupuri i te kaha o te tinana.
• Whakakorikori tinana i ia wā:Pātai atu ki tō tākuta, me te mahi i ngā mahi whakakori tinana māmā e pai ana ki a koe. Ahakoa te hikoi, he nui noa atu.
• Okiokinga: He mea tino nui kia okioki te tinana i te wā e hiahiatia ana.
• Tiakina koe i ngā mate urutā: Mauria he kopare kanohi ina haere koe ki ngā wāhi kī tonu i te tangata, horoia ō ringaringa i ngā wā katoa, ā, kōrero ki tō tākuta mō te tiki kano ārai mate mō te niumōnia me te rewharewha.
• Whakaarohia tāu mahi: Mena kei roto i tāu mahi te hongi i ngā matū e kino ana ki ō pukahukahu, me whakaaro pea koe ki te whakamahi i ngā tikanga haumaru ake, ki te huri mahi rānei.