Kei te raru ō pūkahukahu i tēnei huakita? Me ako tātou mō te (MAC Lung Disease)!

E ngenge ana koe i ētahi wā, kāore he take, e maremare ana rānei mō te wā roa? Ahakoa kāore tātou e aro nui ana ki ēnei mea iti i roto i ō tātou oranga o ia rā, tera pea he take kei muri i aua mea me āwangawanga tātou. Āe, i tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō tētahi mate i puta mai i tētahi rōpū huakita motuhake ka pā ki ō tātou pukahukahu. Ko te mate pukahukahu MAC tēnei.

He aha te mate pūkahukahu MAC?

I roto i ngā kupu māmā, ko te mate pūkahukahu MAC he mate pāwera o ō tātou pūkahukahu i puta mai i tētahi rōpū huakita e kiia nei ko te Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) . Kei te taha tonu tātou i ēnei huakita, i roto i te puehu, i te oneone, me te wai. Ahakoa ka uru mai ēnei huakita ki te tinana ina manawa tātou, ina horomia rānei tētahi mea, kāore te nuinga o te tangata e pāngia e te mate. Heoi, mō ētahi tāngata, inā koa ko te hunga kua ngoikore kē ō rātou pūkahukahu, ko te hunga rānei he iti te pūnaha ārai mate, ina uru mai ēnei huakita MAC ki te ara manawa, ka puta he mate kino. Ka uaua te manawa i tēnei mate. Ki te kitea i muri mai, ka uaua hoki te rongoā. Ko te mea nui ko tēnei mate pūkahukahu MAC ehara i te mate ka taea te tuku mai i te tangata ki te tangata.

He aha te āhua o ngā huakita MAC?

Ko ngā huakita MAC he mema nō tētahi whānau nui o ngā huakita e kiia nei ko ngā Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) . E 200 pea ngā momo NTM. Ko ngā huakita MAC te take o te 80% o ngā mate NTM i roto i ngā pukahukahu i ngā whenua pēnei i te Hononga o Amerika.

Whakaarohia, ehara tēnei mate NTM i te rite ki te mate kohi (TB) e mōhiotia ana e tātou katoa. He mate te mate kohi e horapa ana mai i te tangata ki te tangata, ā, ka tere tonu te kino. He rerekē anō hoki ngā huakita e hua ai, e kiia nei ko te `(Mycobacterium tuberculosis)`.

He maha ngā momo mycobacteria i roto i te rōpū MAC, engari he rite tonu te nuinga o te maimoatanga me te whakahaere i te mate.

He pēhea te noa o te mate pūkahukahu MAC?

Neke atu i te 86,000 ngā tāngata e pangia ana e te mate NTM i te Hononga o Amerika anake. Ko te mate pūkahukahu MAC te mea tino noa, e 80% pea o ngā mate NTM. Kua piki haere tonu te maha o ngā tūroro pūkahukahu NTM i ngā tekau tau e rua kua pahure ake nei , ā, e ai ki ngā tohunga ka haere tonu tēnei ia.

He aha ngā momo mate MAC kei reira?

Ka taea te wehewehe i ngā mate MAC ki ētahi momo matua:

• Ngā mate pukupuku MAC: Koinei ngā mea e pā tika ana ki ō tātou pukahukahu me te pūnaha manawa.
• Ngā mate urutā MAC kua horapa: Ko ēnei ngā mate ka horapa puta noa i te tinana mā roto i te toto. Ka kitea pinepinetia i roto i te hunga kua ngoikore rawa ō rātou pūnaha ārai mate i ngā mate pēnei i te AIDS .
• Te lymphadenitis e pā ana ki te MAC:Ko ngā tamariki hauora te nuinga o tēnei e pā ana. Ka pupuhi ngā pona lymph i ngā wāhi pēnei i te kaki.

E rua ngā momo matua o te mate pūkahukahu MAC...

E rua ngā momo matua o te mate pūkahukahu MAC e kitea ana e tātou:

1. Te bronchiectasis nodular: Koinei te wā e puta ai te mate i roto i ngā ara manawa iti me ngā pēke hau i roto i ngā pukahukahu, ā, ka puta mai hei pona iti i runga i te hihi-X o te uma. Ka taea e ēnei pona te tipu nui rawa. Mā tēnei mate roa ka puta he āhuatanga e kiia nei ko te bronchiectasis . Ko te tikanga ka whānui haere ngā ara manawa, pērā i te ngongo rapa e tawhito haere ana, e totoro haere ana. Ka uaua te rongoā i ngā mate, ā, ka piki ake te tūponotanga o ngā mate hou. Ko tēnei momo ka tino kitea i roto i ngā wāhine kua pakeke, kikokore, kāore e momi hikareti. Ki te kore e rongoatia, ka arahi pea ki ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te bronchitis me te niumōnia.

2. Mate pukupuku uaua: Koinei te momo tino kino o te mate pūkahukahu MAC. Me tere te rongoā. Mena ka puta he kōhao (ngā kōhao) i roto i te kiko pūkahukahu i te mate, he tino hohonu te mate, ā, he uaua ki te rongoā. Ko tēnei mate te mea tino kitea i roto i ngā kaipaipa, i te hunga rānei he mate pēnei i te emphysema.

Me pēhea te whanaketanga o te mate pūkahukahu MAC?

Kua kōrero kē tātou mō te kitea ā-tūturu o ngā huakita MAC i roto i te oneone me te wai. Ina keri tātou i te oneone, ka whakaohokia te puehu, ka tukuna ēnei huakita ki te rangi, ka tomo ki roto i ō tātou tinana ina manawa tātou. Ko te hunga e mahi ana i ngā māra, ā, he maha ngā wā e pā ana ki te oneone, ka nui ake pea te pānga o ngā huakita MAC ki a rātou i ētahi atu. Waihoki, kei roto i te wai tēnei huakita, ā, kei roto pea i te wai e whakamahia ana e tātou i te kāinga. Kāore e mate ēnei huakita i te whakakōkōwai, i ngā patu huakita, tae noa ki te whakamahana i te wai i ētahi wā. He ahua whakamataku pea tēnei, engari ko te nuinga o te tangata kāore e pāngia e ēnei huakita. Tata ki ia rā, ka pāngia tātou katoa e ngā huakita NTM, engari ko te nuinga o te tangata kāore e pāngia e te mate.

Heoi, i roto i te hunga tokoiti he āhuatanga mōrearea ō rātou, ka taea e ngā huakita te haere ki ngā pukahukahu, ā, ka puhoi rawa te tipu, i ētahi wā mō ngā tau. Ka puta i tēnei mate pukahukahu MAC he mumura iti me ngā huringa kore e taea te whakatika i roto i ngā ara manawa, tae noa ki te wā e kitea ai te mate, e rongoatia ai.

Ko wai kei te nui ake te mōrearea ki te whakawhanake i te mate pūkahukahu MAC?

Ka taea te whakawhanake i te mate pūkahukahu MAC i ngā tau katoa, i ngā ira tangata katoa, engari ko te hunga neke atu i te 65 tau te pakeke me ngā wāhine kua pāngia e te menopause he nui ake te mōrearea ki tēnei mate.

Hei tāpiri, ka nui ake te tūponotanga ka pāngia koe e te mate pūkahukahu MAC mēnā:

• Mena he kaipaipa koe.
• Mena he ngoikore tō pūnaha ārai mate.
• Mena kei a koe tētahi mate pūkahukahu pēnei:
• (Te mate pūkahukahu)(me ngā āhuatanga e arahi ana ki te bronchiectasis)
• (Mate pūkahukahu aukati mau tonu - COPD )
• (Te mate pukupuku kiriuhi)
• (Emphysema)
• Mena kua pāngia koe e te mate kohi (TB) i mua.

He aha ngā tohu o te mate pūkahukahu MAC?

He rerekē ngā tohu o te mate pūkahukahu MAC, ā, nā te mea kāore i te tino motuhake, ka roa pea te tātaritanga. Tērā pea he tino ngawari, he kore rānei e kitea ngā tohu o ētahi tāngata. I ētahi wā, kāore pea ngā tohu e pā ana ki te pūnaha manawa. Mena ka puta ngā tohu, tera pea ka pāngia koe e:

• Te maremare mau tonu (me te kore rānei he huware). Whakaarohia tētahi tangata pēnei i a Nilanthi, kua maha ngā marama e maremare ana, ā, kei te puta haere te huware, engari e whakaaro ana ia he rewharewha noa iho.
• Te mare toto (Hemoptysis) .
• Te ngenge .
• He kirika iti (i waenga i te 37.5 me te 37.9 nekehanga Celsius - 99.6 F ki te 100.3 F).
• Te werawera i te pō.
• Te poto o te manawa .
• Te ngaronga o te hiahia kai me te taumaha kāore i te mārama.
• Mamae o te uma.
• Te manukanuka.

Me pēhea te tautuhi i te mate pūkahukahu MAC?

Ka tirohia koe e tō tākuta i te tuatahi, kātahi ka pātai atu mō ō tohumate.

Ko ngā whakamātautau e whakamahia ana hei tautuhi i te mate pūkahukahu MAC ko:

• Ngā hihi-X o te uma, inā koa ngā karapa CT. Ka taea e ēnei te kite i ngā huringa o ngā pukahukahu i puta mai i te mate.
• Ngā ahurea huware. Ko te tikanga o tēnei ko te tango i tētahi tauira huware mai i ō pukahukahu, ka whakamātautau kia kitea ai mēnā ka tupu te huakita MAC. Nā te mea ka pāngia tātou katoa e te huakita MAC i ia rā, ka taea te mahi i tēnei whakamātautau i ngā wā maha i roto i ētahi rā hei whakarite kei te ahu mai te huakita i ō pukahukahu.
• Pūnaha tirotiro i te puku. He rite tēnei ki te tirotiro i te puku, engari ka mahia ki runga i ngā pukahukahu (mā te whakamahi i tētahi taputapu rerekē, iti ake). Ka mahia ina kore e taea te whakatau i te mate mā te whakamahi i ngā whakamātautau huware.

He aha ngā maimoatanga mō te mate pūkahukahu MAC?

Nā te mea he uaua ake te rongoā i te mate pūkahukahu MAC, me toro atu koe ki tētahi tohunga mate pāwera, ki tētahi tohunga pūkahukahu rānei. He mātauranga motuhake tō ēnei tākuta e rua ki te tātaritanga me te rongoā i ngā mate pāwera.

Ka rerekē te maimoatanga mō te mate pūkahukahu MAC i runga i te kaha o ngā tohu. Kei roto pea i ēnei:

• Te tatari mataara:Ko te hunga he iti noa ngā tohu, ā, kāore he huringa nui o ō rātou pukahukahu i runga i ngā whakamātautau, kāore pea e hiahiatia he rongoā paturopi i te tīmatanga. Heoi, me toro atu rātou ki tā rātou tākuta i ia wā, me whai whakamātautau manawa me te huware.
• Te whakawātea i te ara manawa: He rōpū maimoatanga tēnei e āwhina ana i ngā pukahukahu ki te whakakore i te hūpē (me ngā huakita kei roto) mai i ngā ara manawa mate. He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia mō te bronchiectasis. Kei roto ko ngā maimoatanga manawa maha e hoatu ana mā te nebulizer , me te whakamahi i ētahi taputapu e āwhina ana ki te whakakore i te hūpē mai i ngā wāhanga o raro o ngā pukahukahu.
• Ngā Rongoā: Mena kāore e ranea te whakawātea i ō ara manawa, ka tohua pea e tō tākuta he rongoā paturopi . Ko te whakatau ki te tīmata i te maimoatanga ka whakawhirinaki ki ētahi āhuatanga me te kōrero ki tō tohunga. I ētahi wā ka ātete pea ngā huakita ki ngā rongoā paturopi , arā, kāore e taea te whakamate i a rātou e ngā rongoā. Hei whakaiti i tēnei mōrearea me te whakamate katoa i ngā huakita, me tango pea e koe ētahi momo rongoā paturopi e toru i roto i te wā 12 ki te 18 marama. Mō te hunga kāore e aro ki ētahi atu rongoā paturopi i roto i ngā marama e ono, i whakaaetia tata nei e te US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) he rongoā paturopi manawa.
• Pokanga: He tino onge, ki te kore e āwhina ngā paturopi, tera pea ka hiahiatia he pokanga hei tango i te wāhanga pangia o te pukahukahu. I muri i te pokanga, me tango e koe he paturopi mō te wā poto hei patu i ngā huakita e toe ana.

Me pēhea tātou e noho tahi ai me te mate pūkahukahu MAC? (Whakahaere)

Ka āwhina ēnei mea ki te whakamamae i ngā tohu o te mate pūkahukahu MAC:

• Kimihia ngā huarahi hei tango i te hūpē mai i ō ara manawa. Kei roto i ēnei ko te whakangungu tinana kaha-waenga mō te 150 meneti pea ia wiki (ina koa mēnā kei te tika koe mō te whakaora pūkahukahu ), te ako mō ngā tikanga manawa me te uma mai i te kaiwhakaora manawa, te maremare whakahaere, te tango i te wai i roto i te tinana (ngā tū hei āwhina i te tango i te hūpē mai i ngā pūkahukahu), me te patupatu i te uma hei whakangawari i te hūpē.
• Rapua he āwhina hei whakamutu i te kai paipa , me te karo i te auahi tuarua me ētahi atu mea kino ki ō pukahukahu.
• Werohia. Tiakina koe mai i ētahi atu mate manawa pēnei i te rewharewha, te niumōnia, me te COVID-19.
• Kia mau tonu te taumaha hauora mā te kai totika. He maha ngā pokapū he tohunga kai hei āwhina i ngā ngoikoretanga kai e puta mai ana i ngā mate pukupuku puhoi te ora pērā i te MAC.

He aha ngā raruraru pea ka pā mai i te mate pūkahukahu MAC?

Te whakamahi i ngā rongoā paturopi mō te wā roaTērā pea ka piki ake te mōrearea o te ātete ki ngā paturopi. Waihoki, ka puta pea ngā pānga taha o ngā rongoā, pērā i te whakapairuaki, te korere, me te mamae o te puku. Nā te mea he pānga taha motuhake tō ia paturopi, he mea nui kia kōrero koe ki tō tākuta mō ēnei.

Kei te tūpono te hunga kaumātua ki te pāngia e te mate kitakita e kiia nei ko te Clostridium difficile (C. diff) ina roa rātou e tango ana i ngā paturopi. Ka puta tēnei nā te mea ka patua e ngā paturopi ngā kitakita pai i roto i te puku e āwhina ana i te nakunaku. Ka pā te mate C. diff ki te pūnaha nakunaku, ā, ka puta he mate korere kino, roa hoki. Ka taea e tēnei te whakararu i te ora.

Tērā pea ka ārai te mate pūkahukahu MAC kino i a koe ki te mahi i ngā mea i pai ai koe ki mua. Nō reira, ka pāngia pea koe e te pouri, te manukanuka rānei.

Me pēhea te whakaiti i te mōrearea o te whakawhanake i te mate pūkahukahu MAC?

Ka taea e ēnei mahi te whakaiti i tō tupono ki te pāngia e ngā huakita MAC:

• Ki te whakaaro tō tākuta ko ngā kaukau wera, ko ngā sauna rānei te pūtake o ō huakita MAC, karohia ngā wāhi wera, mamaoa, me ngā wāhi e rere ana te wai i ngā wā maha.
• Whakakāhia ngā pūnaha hauhautanga i roto i te kaukau me te kīhini hei tango i te mamaoa.
• Whakaturia te pāmahana o te whakamahana wai o tō whare ki te 54.4 nekehanga Celsius (130 Fahrenheit) neke atu rānei.
• Mauria he kopare puehu ina mahi ana i te māra, i te mahi māra rānei.
• I mua i te mahi ki te oneone kohua, tauhiuhia ki te wai hei whakaiti i te puehu.
• Puritia he tikanga whakawātea manawa kaha.

Ka taea te whakaora katoa i te mate pūkahukahu MAC?

Mena kāore he mate i kitea i roto i ngā whakamātautau huware mō ngā marama 12, ka whakaarohia e ngā tākuta kua ora te mate pūkahukahu MAC. Heoi, ka taea te hoki anō o te mate. Tērā pea nā te pānga hou ki ngā huakita, ki ngā huakita rānei kua noho tonu i roto i ngā pūkahukahu, inā koa kei a koe tonu te mate i puta ai te MAC i te tuatahi (pēnei i te ngoikore o te pūkahukahu).

Ka tirotirohia koe e tō tākuta mō te hokinga mai o te mate. Kāore e taea te whakakore i te kino o ō pūkahukahu i te mate pūkahukahu MAC. Tērā pea ka raru tonu tō manawa i muri i te maimoatanga. Nō reira, he mea nui kia mārama ngā whāinga me ngā tumanakohanga i mua i te tīmatanga o te maimoatanga.

Ngā mea hei pātai atu ki tō tākuta...

Ka hiahia pea koe ki te pātai ki tō tākuta mō ngā mea penei:

• I pēhea ahau i pāngia ai e te mate pūkahukahu MAC?
• He aha te momo mate pūkahukahu MAC kei a au?
• Me whai maimoatanga ahau?
• He aha ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga kei a au?
• He tika te pokanga mōku? He aha ngā mōrearea o te pokanga?
• He aha ngā mea ka taea e au te mahi i te kāinga hei whakangāwari ake i taku manawa?
• Me pēhea taku karo i ngā mate pūkahukahu MAC ā muri ake nei?

He mea horapa tēnei mai i te tangata ki te tangata?

Ahakoa kāore e taea te hopu i te MAC mai i tētahi atu, i ētahi wā ka pāngia ētahi mema o te whānau kotahi e te mate. E whakapono ana ngā tohunga he whakarerekētanga ira kei ētahi tāngata e whakaraerae ana i a rātou ki ngā mate MAC.

Ka taea te whakamate i te mate pūkahukahu MAC?

Mō ētahi tāngata, ka taea e te mate pūkahukahu MAC te arahi ki te ngoikore o te manawa, tae atu ki te mate. Engari he maha ngā wā ka puta tēnei i roto i te wā roa. Tata ki te 1 i roto i te 4 tāngata he ngoikore te pūnaha ārai mate me te mate pūkahukahu MAC momo cavitary ka mate i roto i ngā tau e rima o te tātaritanga.

Mā te tautuhi me te maimoatanga wawe ka tino whakaiti i ngā mōrearea mō te wā roa.

Ko te nuinga o te tangata kāore e pāngia e te huakita MAC. Mō te hunga e pāngia ana e te mate pūkahukahu MAC, ka pāngia pea koe e te mate manawa nui, ā, i ētahi wā ka morearea te ora. Ki te maremare toto koe, ki te mau tonu rānei tō maremare, ā, ka tino ngenge koe, me toro atu koe ki te tākuta. Ko te hunga he ngoikore te pūnaha ārai mate me te hunga he mate pūkahukahu kē atu, ka tino pāngia e te mate pūkahukahu MAC. Ka taea te rongoā i te mate pūkahukahu MAC ki ngā paturopi, engari me tango pea e koe te rongoā mō te neke atu i te tau.

Hei whakamutunga, ngā mea hei maumahara...

He mate pūkahukahu MAC tētahi āhuatanga e tika ana kia āwangawanga tātou. Heoi, kāore he mea hei āwangawanga. Ko te mea nui ko te toro atu ki te tākuta i te wā e taea ai mēnā he tohu kei a koe, me te kimi i te tātaritanga tika, me te whiwhi i te maimoatanga tika. Mēnā koinā, ka taea e tātou te noho noa me tēnei mate. Mēnā he pātai anō āu mō tēnei, kaua e mangere ki te pātai ki tō tākuta. Kia ora tonu!

` Mate pūkahukahu MAC, matatini Mycobacterium avium, mate NTM, mate pūkahukahu, maremare mau tonu, mate manawa, mate kitakita