Kua rongo pea koe i ngā rongoā mamae kaha pērā i a Tramadol me Morphine. Ka whakamahia ēnei rongoā e ngā tākuta i muri i ētahi pokanga, i ngā wā mamae nui rānei pērā i te mate pukupuku. Engari ki te whakamahia hē ēnei, arā, ki te nui rawa te horopeta, ka tino kino pea, ā, ka mate pea. I roto i tētahi āhuatanga morearea pēnei, he momo rongoā motuhake ka taea te aukati tonu i te mahi a ēnei rongoā, ka whakaora hoki i ngā oranga. Koinei te mea e kiia nei e mātou he 'Opioid Antagonist'.
Tuatahi, kia kite tātou he aha tēnei 'opioid'?
He kupu ngāwari noa iho, ko ngā opioid he rōpū matū e mahi tahi ana me ō tātou pūtau io hei whakaiti i te mamae. Ko ētahi ka puta noa i te ao, ko ētahi ka hangaia i roto i ngā taiwhanga. I te nuinga o te wā ka whakamahia e ngā tākuta hei rongoā i te mamae ngawari ki te mamae kino. Heoi anō, kei reira anō ngā raau taero ture kore pērā i te heroin e pā ana ki tēnei rōpū.
He nui ake te tūponotanga ka waranga te tangata ki ēnei opioids. Ko te take, ehara i te mea ka whakamamae noa i te mamae, engari ka puta mai hoki he kare ā-roto o te harikoa, he kare ā-roto o te harikoa (euphoria). I roto i te wā, kāore e ranea te horopeta i tangohia i mua i te whiwhinga i taua ahuareka. Ka kiia tēnei he 'manawanui'. Kātahi ka whakamatautauria koe ki te whakanui ake i te horopeta. Ā tōna wā, ka taea e tēnei te whanake hei mate whakamahi opioid.
Nā, me pēhea te mahi a tēnei kaitukino opioid?
Hei mārama ki tēnei, me tango he tauira iti. Whakaarohia kei roto i tō tātou tinana, inā koa i roto i te roro me te taurakira (te pūnaha io matua), he 'kaiwhakawhiwhi' motuhake e aro ana ki ngā opioid. Pērā i ngā kōhao kī. Ka kiia ēnei he kaiwhakawhiwhi mu, kappa, me te delta. Ko te mea matua e mahi ana ko ēnei kaiwhakawhiwhi mu .
- He rite ngā opioid (ngā rongoā whakamamae) ki te 'kī matau' e uru ana ki roto i tēnei kōhao kī. Ina tāuruhia taua kī ka hurihia, arā, ina tangohia he opioid, ka whakahohehia aua kaiwhakawhiwhi, ka ngaro te mamae, ka pōturi te manawa, ā, ka puta mai taua kare harikoa i kōrerotia e au i mua ake nei.
- He rite ngā kaiwhakahē opioid ki tētahi 'kī rūpahu' e uru ana ki roto i taua kōhao kī, engari kāore e taea te huri. Ina uru tēnei rongoā ki te tinana, ka tere te haere ki aua kaiwhakawhiwhi, arā, ki ngā kōhao kī. Engari kāore e whakahohe i te kaiwhakawhiwhi. Engari, ka ārai i te kōhao kī.
Kua mārama koe ināianei? Nā te mea kua mau te kī rūpahu ki roto i te kōhao kī, kāore he ara mō te 'kī matau', te opioid, ki te hono atu. Nō reira, ka mutu katoa te pānga o ngā opioid. Ina nui rawa te opioid i te tangata, ā, te āhua nei kua mutu tana manawa, koinei te mea ka tupu ina hoatu e koe tēnei hoariri ki a rātou. Ka tomo tonu mai, ka mutu te mahi a ngā opioid, ā, ka taea e rātou te manawa noa anō.
He aha ngā momo matua o ngā kaitukino opioid?
He maha ngā momo rongoā. He rerekē ngā whakamahinga o ia momo rongoā. Kia tirohia tēnei ripanga.
| Ingoa o te rongoā | Te whakamahinga matua | Ngā kōrero nui |
|---|---|---|
| Naloxone | He rongoā whakaora ora mō te nui rawa o te opioid. | Ka hoatu hei werohanga, hei rehu ihu rānei. Mēnā kua mutu te manawa o te tangata nā te nui rawa o te opioid, ka taea e ia te whakahoki mai i te manawa i roto i te 2-5 meneti. I tō tātou whenua, ko te mea tino whakamahia i roto i ngā wāhanga maimoatanga ohorere (ETU) o ngā hōhipera. |
| Naltrexone | Hei rongoā pupuri mō te waranga opioid me te waipiro mō te wā roa. | Ka āwhina tēnei ki te wikitoria i te waranga. Ka ārai i te harikoa e puta mai ana i te tango opioids. Engari kāore e whakahaere i ngā tohumate tango, i ngā hiahia rānei. Kei roto i ngā pire, i ngā werohanga rānei. |
| Methylnaltrexone | Mō te kōroke i puta mai i ngā rongoā mamae opioid kaha. | He rerekē tēnei. Kāore e haere ki te roro. Engari, ka ārai noa i ngā kaiwhakawhiwhi opioid i roto i ngā whekau. Nō reira, kāore e whakararuraru i te mahi a te rongoā mamae, engari ka whakaiti noa i te mate puku. Ka tohua mō te hunga e rongoatia ana mō te mamae nui, mau tonu. |
| Nalmefene | Mō te nui rawa o te opioid. | He rite tēnei ki te naloxone, engari ka roa ake te wā e mahi ana i roto i te tinana. Heoi, kāore i te whānui te whakamahinga pērā i te naloxone. |
He aha ngā pānga taha o ēnei rongoā?
Ko te pānga matua, me te pānga tino tere o ngā rongoā pēnei i te Naloxone me te Naltrexone, ko te putanga mai o ngā 'tohu tango opioid' . Whakaarohia, kua roa te tinana o te tangata e taunga ana ki ngā opioid. Koinei te urupare a te tinana ina tukuna ohoreretia he hoariri, ā, ka mutu tana mahi.
He aha ēnei tohu whakatārewatanga?
- Ihu rere
- Te roimata nui mai i ngā kanohi
- Te hamama pinepine
- Te pikinga ake o te tere o te manawa (Te hau nui)
- Te wera nui
- Te pikinga o te tere o te ngakau (Tachycardia)
- Mamae uaua
- Whakapairuaki me te ruaki
- Korere
- Manukanuka
He rerekē te kaha o ēnei tohu i ia tangata, i ia tangata. Kei te roa me te momo opioid i whakamahia. I roto i te hōhipera, he pai te whakahaere a ngā tākuta i tēnei āhuatanga. Ka hoatu e rātou he tote (he wai IV) me ētahi atu rongoā.
He rerekē ngā pānga taha o te methylnaltrexone, e whakamahia ana mō te mate puku. Ko ēnei:
- Mamae puku
- Te whakakī i te puku
- Whakapairuaki, ruaki rānei
- Ānini
- Te hurihuri o te uaua
- Pōuriuri
He aha ngā painga o ēnei rongoā?
Ahakoa ngā pānga taha, he nui atu ngā hua pai o ēnei rongoā i ērā.
He rongoā whakaora ora te Naloxone . Ka taea e ia te ārai i te mate mai i te nui rawa o te opioid. Koinei te mea nui rawa atu.
NaltrexoneHe wāhanga tino nui tēnei mō te rongoā i ngā āhuatanga uaua pēnei i te waranga opioid, te waranga waipiro rānei. Engari kāore e ranea ana ko ia anake. He mate tino uaua te waranga tarukino. Me rongoā mai i ngā āhuatanga maha, pēnei i te hinengaro hinengaro me te whakaora. He rongoā a Naltrexone e whakakaha ana i taua haerenga.
Mena kei te pāngia koe, tetahi atu rānei e mōhio ana koe e tēnei raruraru, tena koa kōrero ki tō tākuta mō tēnei mea. He maha ngā tākuta me ngā tikanga hei āwhina i ēnei āhuatanga.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- Ko te kaitukino opioid he momo rongoā e aukati ana i te mahi a ngā opioids (ngā rongoā whakamamae mamae kaha me ngā raau taero pēnei i te heroin) i roto i te tinana.
- He rongoā tino nui te Naloxone, he tere te mahi, ka taea te hoatu hei whakaora i te ora o te tangata kua nui rawa te tango opioids.
- Ka taea e ēnei rongoā te whakaputa i ngā tohumate whakamomori kino, ina koa ka hoatu ki te tangata kua taunga tōna tinana ki ngā opioid. Nō reira, me whakamahi tonu i raro i te tirotiro a te rata.
- Ehara te waranga ki ngā raau taero i te ngoikore, engari he mate ka taea te rongoā. Ki te hiahia āwhina koe, tetahi atu rānei e mōhio ana koe, kaua e whakama, kōrero ki te tākuta mō tēnei.
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